1 Thessalonians — Chapter 3

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1So when we could bear it no longer, we were willing to be left on our own in Athens.

2We sent Timothy, our brother and fellow worker for God in the gospel of Christ, to strengthen and encourage you in your faith,

3so that none of you would be shaken by these trials. For you know that we are destined for this.

4Indeed, when we were with you, we kept warning you that we would suffer persecution; and as you know, it has come to pass.

5For this reason, when I could bear it no longer, I sent to find out about your faith, for fear that the tempter had somehow tempted you and that our labor might have been in vain.

6But just now, Timothy has returned from his visit with the good news about your faith, your love, and the fond memories you have preserved, longing to see us just as we long to see you.

7For this reason, brothers, in all our distress and persecution, we have been reassured about you, because of your faith.

8For now we can go on living, as long as you are standing firm in the Lord.

9How can we adequately thank God for you in return for our great joy over you in His presence?

10Night and day we pray most earnestly that we may see you face to face and supply what is lacking in your faith.

11Now may our God and Father Himself, and our Lord Jesus, direct our way to you.

12And may the Lord cause you to increase and overflow with love for one another and for everyone else, just as our love for you overflows,

13so that He may establish your hearts in blamelessness and holiness before our God and Father at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all His saints. Amen.

1Wherefore when we could no longer forbear, we thought it good to be left at Athens alone;

2And sent Timotheus, our brother, and minister of God, and our fellowlabourer in the gospel of Christ, to establish you, and to comfort you concerning your faith:

3That no man should be moved by these afflictions: for yourselves know that we are appointed thereunto.

4For verily, when we were with you, we told you before that we should suffer tribulation; even as it came to pass, and ye know.

5For this cause, when I could no longer forbear, I sent to know your faith, lest by some means the tempter have tempted you, and our labour be in vain.

6But now when Timotheus came from you unto us, and brought us good tidings of your faith and charity, and that ye have good remembrance of us always, desiring greatly to see us, as we also to see you:

7Therefore, brethren, we were comforted over you in all our affliction and distress by your faith:

8For now we live, if ye stand fast in the Lord.

9For what thanks can we render to God again for you, for all the joy wherewith we joy for your sakes before our God;

10Night and day praying exceedingly that we might see your face, and might perfect that which is lacking in your faith?

11Now God himself and our Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ, direct our way unto you.

12And the Lord make you to increase and abound in love one toward another, and toward all men, even as we do toward you:

13To the end he may stablish your hearts unblameable in holiness before God, even our Father, at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ with all his saints.

1Wherefore when we could no longer forbear, we thought it good to be left behind at Athens alone;

2and sent Timothy, our brother and God`s minister in the gospel of Christ, to establish you, and to comfort [you] concerning your faith;

3that no man be moved by these afflictions; for yourselves know that hereunto we are appointed.

4For verily, when we were with you, we told you beforehand that we are to suffer affliction; even as it came to pass, and ye know.

5For this cause I also, when I could no longer forbear, sent that I might know your faith, lest by any means the tempter had tempted you, and our labor should be in vain.

6But when Timothy came even now unto us from you, and brought us glad tidings of your faith and love, and that ye have good remembrance of us always, longing to see us, even as we also [to see] you;

7for this cause, brethren, we were comforted over you in all our distress and affliction through your faith:

8for now we live, if ye stand fast in the Lord.

9For what thanksgiving can we render again unto God for you, for all the joy wherewith we joy for your sakes before our God;

10night and day praying exceedingly that we may see your face, and may perfect that which is lacking in your faith?

11Now may our God and Father himself, and our Lord Jesus, direct our way unto you:

12and the Lord make you to increase and abound in love one toward another, and toward all men, even as we also [do] toward you;

13to the end he may establish your hearts unblameable in holiness before our God and Father, at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all his saints.

1So when we could bear it no longer, we decided to stay on in Athens alone.

2We sent Timothy, our brother and fellow worker for God in the gospel of Christ, to strengthen you and encourage you about your faith,

3so that no one would be shaken by these afflictions. For you yourselves know that we are destined for this.

4For in fact when we were with you, we were telling you in advance that we would suffer affliction, and so it has happened, as you well know.

5So when I could bear it no longer, I sent to find out about your faith, for fear that the tempter somehow tempted you and our toil had proven useless.

6But now Timothy has come to us from you and given us the good news of your faith and love and that you always think of us with affection and long to see us just as we also long to see you!

7So in all our distress and affliction, we were reassured about you, brothers and sisters, through your faith.

8For now we are alive again if you stand firm in the Lord.

9For how can we thank God enough for you, for all the joy we feel because of you before our God?

10We pray earnestly night and day to see you in person and make up what may be lacking in your faith.

11Now may God our Father himself and our Lord Jesus direct our way to you.

12And may the Lord cause you to increase and abound in love for one another and for all, just as we do for you,

13so that your hearts are strengthened in holiness to be blameless before our God and Father at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all his saints.

1Therefore when we couldn’t stand it any longer, we thought it good to be left behind at Athens alone,

2and sent Timothy, our brother and God’s servant in the Good News of Christ, to establish you, and to comfort you concerning your faith;

3that no one be moved by these afflictions. For you know that we are appointed to this task.

4For most certainly, when we were with you, we told you beforehand that we are to suffer affliction, even as it happened, and you know.

5For this cause I also, when I couldn’t stand it any longer, sent that I might know your faith, for fear that by any means the tempter had tempted you, and our labor would have been in vain.

6But when Timothy came just now to us from you, and brought us glad news of your faith and love, and that you have good memories of us always, longing to see us, even as we also long to see you;

7for this cause, brothers, we were comforted over you in all our distress and affliction through your faith.

8For now we live, if you stand fast in the Lord.

9For what thanksgiving can we render again to God for you, for all the joy with which we rejoice for your sakes before our God;

10night and day praying exceedingly that we may see your face, and may perfect that which is lacking in your faith?

11Now may our God and Father himself, and our Lord Jesus Christ, direct our way to you;

12and the Lord make you to increase and abound in love one toward another, and toward all men, even as we also do toward you,

13to the end he may establish your hearts blameless in holiness before our God and Father, at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all his saints.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

Unable to bear being separated from the Thessalonians any longer, Paul sent Timothy from Athens to strengthen and encourage their faith amid the persecutions he had warned them to expect (vv. 1-4). Paul explains he sent Timothy because he feared the tempter had somehow undermined their faith, which would have made his labor among them wasted (v. 5). Timothy's return brought good news of their faith and love, and word that they remember Paul fondly and long to see him just as he longs to see them, which comforted Paul in his own distress (vv. 6-7). Paul prays earnestly night and day to see them again and to complete what is lacking in their faith (vv. 9-10). He closes by praying that the Lord would direct his way back to them and cause their love to increase for one another and for everyone, strengthening their hearts to be blameless in holiness at Christ's coming (vv. 11-13).

Authorship & Background

Author: Paul the Apostle (see Chapter 1 notes for full authorship details).
Historical Context: Chapter 3 reveals Paul's deep pastoral concern for the young Thessalonian church. Unable to return himself (2:18), Paul sent Timothy from Athens to check on them (v.2). Timothy returned with good news: their faith and love were strong (v.6). Paul's relief is palpable — "now we live, if ye stand fast" (v.8). The chapter ends with a prayer for their growth in love and holiness before Christ's coming (vv.11-13).
Classification: Epistle — Pauline
Key Themes: An uncertainty Paul says he could no longer bear, Timothy sent alone to a church still under the persecution Paul had already warned them about, good news received as though it were Paul's own life restored, a prayer for a path back measured alongside a prayer for their holiness, and love asked to increase and abound before any specific instruction follows
Timothy's Mission (vv.1-5): Paul couldn't bear the uncertainty any longer (v.1). He sent Timothy to "establish" and "comfort" them (v.2), fearing the "tempter" might have undermined their faith through persecution (v.5). Paul had warned them suffering was coming (v.4) — and it did.
Timothy's Report (vv.6-10): Good news: faith and love intact, fond memories of Paul, mutual desire to reunite (v.6). Paul was "comforted" by their faith even in his own affliction (v.7). Their steadfastness gave him life (v.8).
Paul's Prayer (vv.11-13): Three requests: (1) that God would direct his path back to them (v.11), (2) that they would increase in love (v.12), (3) that their hearts would be established in holiness at Christ's coming (v.13).

Map & Geography

  • Athens (v.1): Greek city; Paul preached there at the Areopagus.

Places on this map

  • AthensAthens, GreeceFive miles inland from its port at Piraeus, past its political peak by Paul's day but still the prestige address in philosophy. The Areopagus is a bare rock below the Acropolis, in full view of the temples Paul was commenting on. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers Paul's anxiety, Timothy's mission, the good report, and Paul's prayer for love and holiness.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Unshaken in Affliction - 1 Thessalonians 3
David Guzik

1 Thessalonians 3 - An Appointment With Affliction
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of 1 Thessalonians -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Suffering as an Appointment, Not an Accident (v.3) — Paul reminds the Thessalonians that affliction is something believers are appointed to, not a random misfortune. How does viewing your trials as something God has allowed on purpose change the way you carry them?
  • Tying Your Joy to Others' Faithfulness (v.8) — Paul says he truly lives when the Thessalonians stand firm in the Lord. Whose spiritual growth are you invested in deeply enough that it affects your own sense of life and joy?
  • Love Meant to Keep Increasing (v.12) — Paul prays that their love would increase and abound toward one another and toward everyone. Is your love for others actually growing, or has it settled into a comfortable plateau?
  • Living Ready for Christ's Coming (v.13) — Paul prays their hearts would be established blameless in holiness at the coming of the Lord. If Christ returned today, would your heart be found ready, and what would need to change if not?