Leviticus — Chapter 1
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1Then the LORD called to Moses and spoke to him from the Tent of Meeting, saying,
2“Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When any of you brings an offering to the LORD, you may bring as your offering an animal from the herd or the flock.
3If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he is to present an unblemished male. He must bring it to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting for its acceptance before the LORD.
4He is to lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, so it can be accepted on his behalf to make atonement for him.
5And he shall slaughter the young bull before the LORD, and Aaron’s sons the priests are to present the blood and splatter it on all sides of the altar at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
6Next, he is to skin the burnt offering and cut it into pieces.
7The sons of Aaron the priest shall put a fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire.
8Then Aaron’s sons the priests are to arrange the pieces, including the head and the fat, atop the burning wood on the altar.
9The entrails and legs must be washed with water, and the priest shall burn all of it on the altar as a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
10If, however, one’s offering is a burnt offering from the flock—from the sheep or goats—he is to present an unblemished male.
11He shall slaughter it on the north side of the altar before the LORD, and Aaron’s sons the priests are to splatter its blood against the altar on all sides.
12He is to cut the animal into pieces, and the priest shall arrange them, including the head and fat, atop the burning wood that is on the altar.
13The entrails and legs must be washed with water, and the priest shall present all of it and burn it on the altar; it is a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
14If, instead, one’s offering to the LORD is a burnt offering of birds, he is to present a turtledove or a young pigeon.
15Then the priest shall bring it to the altar, twist off its head, and burn it on the altar; its blood should be drained out on the side of the altar.
16And he is to remove the crop with its contents and throw it to the east side of the altar, in the place for ashes.
17He shall tear it open by its wings, without dividing the bird completely. And the priest is to burn it on the altar atop the burning wood. It is a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
1And the LORD called unto Moses, and spake unto him out of the tabernacle of the congregation, saying,
2Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, If any man of you bring an offering unto the LORD, ye shall bring your offering of the cattle,
3If his offering
4And he shall put his hand upon the head of the burnt offering; and it shall be accepted for him to make atonement for him.
5And he shall kill the bullock before the LORD: and the priests, Aaron’s sons, shall bring the blood, and sprinkle the blood round about upon the altar that
6And he shall flay the burnt offering, and cut it into his pieces.
7And the sons of Aaron the priest shall put fire upon the altar, and lay the wood in order upon the fire:
8And the priests, Aaron’s sons, shall lay the parts, the head, and the fat, in order upon the wood that
9But his inwards and his legs shall he wash in water: and the priest shall burn all on the altar,
10And if his offering
11And he shall kill it on the side of the altar northward before the LORD: and the priests, Aaron’s sons, shall sprinkle his blood round about upon the altar.
12And he shall cut it into his pieces, with his head and his fat: and the priest shall lay them in order on the wood that
13But he shall wash the inwards and the legs with water: and the priest shall bring
14And if the burnt sacrifice for his offering to the LORD
15And the priest shall bring it unto the altar, and wring off his head, and burn
16And he shall pluck away his crop with his feathers, and cast it beside the altar on the east part, by the place of the ashes:
17And he shall cleave it with the wings thereof,
1And Jehovah called unto Moses, and spake unto him out of the tent of meeting, saying,
2Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When any man of you offereth an oblation unto Jehovah, ye shall offer your oblation of the cattle, [even] of the herd and of the flock.
3If his oblation be a burnt-offering of the herd, he shall offer it a male without blemish: he shall offer it at the door of the tent of meeting, that he may be accepted before Jehovah.
4And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the burnt-offering; and it shall be accepted for him to make atonement for him.
5And he shall kill the bullock before Jehovah: and Aaron`s sons, the priests, shall present the blood, and sprinkle the blood round about upon the altar that is at the door of the tent of meeting.
6And he shall flay the burnt-offering, and cut it into its pieces.
7And the sons of Aaron the priest shall put fire upon the altar, and lay wood in order upon the fire;
8and Aaron`s sons, the priests, shall lay the pieces, the head, and the fat, in order upon the wood that is on the fire which is upon the altar:
9but its inwards and its legs shall he wash with water: and the priest shall burn the whole on the altar, for a burnt-offering, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah.
10And if his oblation be of the flock, of the sheep, or of the goats, for a burnt-offering; he shall offer it a male without blemish.
11And he shall kill it on the side of the altar northward before Jehovah: and Aaron`s sons, the priests, shall sprinkle its blood upon the altar round about.
12And he shall cut it into its pieces, with its head and its fat; and the priest shall lay them in order on the wood that is on the fire which is upon the altar:
13but the inwards and the legs shall he wash with water; and the priest shall offer the whole, and burn it upon the altar: it is a burnt-offering, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah.
14And if his oblation to Jehovah be a burnt-offering of birds, then he shall offer his oblation of turtle-doves, or of young pigeons.
15And the priest shall bring it unto the altar, and wring off its head, and burn it on the altar; and the blood thereof shall be drained out on the side of the altar;
16and he shall take away its crop with the filth thereof, and cast it beside the altar on the east part, in the place of the ashes:
17and he shall rend it by the wings thereof, [but] shall not divide it asunder; and the priest shall burn it upon the altar, upon the wood that is upon the fire: it is a burnt-offering, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah.
1Then the Lord called to Moses and spoke to him from the Meeting Tent:
2“Speak to the Israelites and tell them, ‘When someone among you presents an offering to the Lord, you must present your offering from the domesticated animals, either from the herd or from the flock.
3“‘If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he must present it as a flawless male; he must present it at the entrance of the Meeting Tent for its acceptance before the Lord.
4He must lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it will be accepted for him to make atonement on his behalf.
5Then the one presenting the offering must slaughter the bull before the Lord, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, must present the blood and splash the blood against the sides of the altar, which is at the entrance of the Meeting Tent.
6Next, the one presenting the offering must skin the burnt offering and cut it into parts,
7and the sons of Aaron, the priests, must put fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire.
8Then the sons of Aaron, the priests, must arrange the parts with the head and the suet on the wood that is in the fire on the altar.
9Finally, the one presenting the offering must wash its entrails and its legs in water, and the priest must offer all of it up in smoke on the altar—it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord.
10“‘If his offering is from the flock for a burnt offering—from the sheep or the goats—he must present a flawless male,
11and must slaughter it on the north side of the altar before the Lord, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, will splash its blood against the altar’s sides.
12Next, the one presenting the offering must cut it into parts, with its head and its suet, and the priest must arrange them on the wood that is in the fire on the altar.
13Then the one presenting the offering must wash the entrails and the legs in water, and the priest must present all of it and offer it up in smoke on the altar—it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord.
14“‘If his offering to the Lord is a burnt offering of birds, he must present his offering from the turtledoves or from the young pigeons.
15The priest must present it at the altar, pinch off its head and offer the head up in smoke on the altar, and its blood must be drained out against the side of the altar.
16Then the priest must remove its entrails by cutting off its tail feathers, and throw them to the east side of the altar into the place of fatty ashes,
17and tear it open by its wings without dividing it into two parts. Finally, the priest must offer it up in smoke on the altar on the wood which is in the fire—it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord.
1Yahweh called to Moses, and spoke to him from the Tent of Meeting, saying,
2“Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘When anyone of you offers an offering to Yahweh, you shall offer your offering of the livestock, from the herd and from the flock.
3“‘If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer a male without defect. He shall offer it at the door of the Tent of Meeting, that he may be accepted before Yahweh.
4He shall lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it shall be accepted for him to make atonement for him.
5He shall kill the bull before Yahweh. Aaron’s sons, the priests, shall present the blood and sprinkle the blood around on the altar that is at the door of the Tent of Meeting.
6He shall flay the burnt offering, and cut it into pieces.
7The sons of Aaron the priest shall put fire on the altar, and lay wood in order on the fire;
8and Aaron’s sons, the priests, shall lay the pieces, the head, and the fat in order on the wood that is on the fire which is on the altar;
9but its innards and its legs he shall wash with water. The priest shall burn all of it on the altar, for a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh.
10“‘If his offering is from the flock, from the sheep, or from the goats, for a burnt offering, he shall offer a male without defect.
11He shall kill it on the north side of the altar before Yahweh. Aaron’s sons, the priests, shall sprinkle its blood around on the altar.
12He shall cut it into its pieces, with its head and its fat. The priest shall lay them in order on the wood that is on the fire which is on the altar,
13but the innards and the legs he shall wash with water. The priest shall offer the whole, and burn it on the altar. It is a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh.
14“‘If his offering to Yahweh is a burnt offering of birds, then he shall offer his offering of turtledoves or of young pigeons.
15The priest shall bring it to the altar, and wring off its head, and burn it on the altar; and its blood shall be drained out on the side of the altar;
16and he shall take away its crop with its filth, and cast it beside the altar on the east part, in the place of the ashes.
17He shall tear it by its wings, but shall not divide it apart. The priest shall burn it on the altar, on the wood that is on the fire. It is a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh.
Summary
The LORD, speaking to Moses from the Tent of Meeting, gives Israel instructions for the burnt offering, the first of the sacrificial laws (vv. 1-2). If the offering is a bull from the herd, the worshiper presents a male without defect, lays a hand on its head so it is accepted as atonement, and kills it before the LORD; Aaron's sons then sprinkle the blood on the altar, cut the animal into pieces, wash the entrails and legs, and burn the whole animal on the wood as a pleasing aroma to the LORD (vv. 3-9). The same pattern applies to an offering from the flock, a sheep or goat, killed on the north side of the altar (vv. 10-13). Those too poor to offer an animal may bring turtledoves or young pigeons, which the priest kills, drains of blood, and burns whole on the altar (vv. 14-17). In every case the offering is wholly consumed, signifying the worshiper's complete surrender to God.
Authorship & Background
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers the burnt offering as total consecration, the laying on of hands as identification/substitution, and the three economic levels as God's accessibility to all.
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
- Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.
Videos
Articles
- BibleProject: bibleproject.com On the whole book: a case for reading the book most reading plans stall in.
- GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Leviticus -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.
Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.
Reflection
- A Willing, Unblemished Offering (v.3) — The burnt offering had to be a male without defect, given freely rather than under compulsion. Is your worship offered willingly and at real cost to you, or only when it's convenient?
- Identification Through the Laid-On Hand (v.4) — The worshipper placed his hand on the animal's head, transferring identification so its offering could make atonement on his behalf. Have you truly identified with Christ's sacrifice, or are you still trying to stand on your own merit?
- Nothing Held Back (v.9) — Unlike offerings that were partly eaten, the burnt offering was consumed entirely on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the Lord. Is there a part of your life you're still keeping off the altar?
- Access for Every Income Level (vv.14-17) — God accepted turtledoves or pigeons from those who couldn't afford cattle or sheep, so poverty never barred anyone from worship. Do you believe your worship is fully acceptable to God regardless of what you have to bring?