Song of Solomon — Chapter 1

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1This is Solomon’s Song of Songs.

2Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth! For your love is more delightful than wine.

3The fragrance of your perfume is pleasing; your name is like perfume poured out. No wonder the maidens adore you.

4Take me away with you—let us hurry! May the king bring me to his chambers. We will rejoice and delight in you; we will praise your love more than wine. It is only right that they adore you.

5I am dark, yet lovely, O daughters of Jerusalem, like the tents of Kedar, like the curtains of Solomon.

6Do not stare because I am dark, for the sun has gazed upon me. My mother’s sons were angry with me; they made me a keeper of the vineyards, but my own vineyard I have neglected.

7Tell me, O one I love, where do you pasture your sheep? Where do you rest them at midday? Why should I be like a veiled woman beside the flocks of your companions?

8If you do not know, O fairest of women, follow the tracks of the flock, and graze your young goats near the tents of the shepherds.

9I compare you, my darling, to a mare among Pharaoh’s chariots.

10Your cheeks are beautiful with ornaments, your neck with strings of jewels.

11We will make you ornaments of gold, studded with beads of silver.

12While the king was at his table, my perfume spread its fragrance.

13My beloved is to me a sachet of myrrh resting between my breasts.

14My beloved is to me a cluster of henna blossoms in the vineyards of En-gedi.

15How beautiful you are, my darling! Oh, how very beautiful! Your eyes are like doves.

16How handsome you are, my beloved! Oh, how delightful! The soft grass is our bed.

17The beams of our house are cedars; our rafters are fragrant firs.

1The song of songs, which is Solomon’s.

2Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth: for thy love is better than wine.

3Because of the savour of thy good ointments thy name is as ointment poured forth, therefore do the virgins love thee.

4Draw me, we will run after thee: the king hath brought me into his chambers: we will be glad and rejoice in thee, we will remember thy love more than wine: the upright love thee.

5I am black, but comely, O ye daughters of Jerusalem, as the tents of Kedar, as the curtains of Solomon.

6Look not upon me, because I am black, because the sun hath looked upon me: my mother’s children were angry with me; they made me the keeper of the vineyards; but mine own vineyard have I not kept.

7Tell me, O thou whom my soul loveth, where thou feedest, where thou makest thy flock to rest at noon: for why should I be as one that turneth aside by the flocks of thy companions?

8If thou know not, O thou fairest among women, go thy way forth by the footsteps of the flock, and feed thy kids beside the shepherds’ tents.

9I have compared thee, O my love, to a company of horses in Pharaoh’s chariots.

10Thy cheeks are comely with rows of jewels, thy neck with chains of gold.

11We will make thee borders of gold with studs of silver.

12While the king sitteth at his table, my spikenard sendeth forth the smell thereof.

13A bundle of myrrh is my wellbeloved unto me; he shall lie all night betwixt my breasts.

14My beloved is unto me as a cluster of camphire in the vineyards of En-gedi.

15Behold, thou art fair, my love; behold, thou art fair; thou hast doves’ eyes.

16Behold, thou art fair, my beloved, yea, pleasant: also our bed is green.

17The beams of our house are cedar, and our rafters of fir.

1The Song of songs, which is Solomon`s.

2Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth; For thy love is better than wine.

3Thine oils have a goodly fragrance; Thy name is [as] oil poured forth; Therefore do the virgins love thee.

4Draw me; we will run after thee: The king hath brought me into his chambers; We will be glad and rejoice in thee; We will make mention of thy love more than of wine: Rightly do they love thee.

5I am black, but comely, Oh ye daughters of Jerusalem, As the tents of Kedar, As the curtains of Solomon.

6Look not upon me, because I am swarthy, Because the sun hath scorched me. My mother`s sons were incensed against me; They made me keeper of the vineyards; [But] mine own vineyard have I not kept.

7Tell me, O thou whom my soul loveth, Where thou feedest [thy flock], Where thou makest [it] to rest at noon: For why should I be as one that is veiled Beside the flocks of thy companions?

8If thou know not, O thou fairest among women, Go thy way forth by the footsteps of the flock, And feed thy kids beside the shepherds` tents.

9I have compared thee, O my love, To a steed in Pharaoh`s chariots.

10Thy cheeks are comely with plaits [of hair], Thy neck with strings of jewels.

11We will make thee plaits of gold With studs of silver.

12While the king sat at his table, My spikenard sent forth its fragrance.

13My beloved is unto me [as] a bundle of myrrh, That lieth betwixt my breasts.

14My beloved is unto me [as] a cluster of henna-flowers In the vineyards of En-gedi.

15Behold, thou art fair, my love; Behold thou art fair; Thine eyes are [as] doves.

16Behold, thou art fair, my beloved, yea, pleasant: Also our couch is green.

17The beams of our house are cedars, [And] our rafters are firs.

1Solomon’s Most Excellent Love Song.

2The Beloved to Her Lover: Oh, how I wish you would kiss me passionately! For your lovemaking is more delightful than wine.

3The fragrance of your colognes is delightful; your name is like the finest perfume. No wonder the young women adore you!

4Draw me after you; let us hurry! May the king bring me into his bedroom chambers! The Maidens to the Lover: We will rejoice and delight in you; we will praise your love more than wine.The Beloved to Her Lover: How rightly the young women adore you!

5The Beloved to the Maidens: I am dark but lovely, O maidens of Jerusalem, dark like the tents of Qedar, lovely like the tent curtains of Salmah.

6Do not stare at me because I am dark, for the sun has burned my skin. My brothers were angry with me; they made me the keeper of the vineyards. Alas, my own vineyard I could not keep!

7The Beloved to Her Lover: Tell me, O you whom my heart loves, where do you pasture your sheep? Where do you rest your sheep during the midday heat? Tell me lest I wander around beside the flocks of your companions!

8The Lover to His Beloved: If you do not know, O most beautiful of women, simply follow the tracks of my flock, and pasture your little lambs beside the tents of the shepherds.

9The Lover to His Beloved: O my beloved, you are like a mare among Pharaoh’s stallions.

10Your cheeks are beautiful with ornaments; your neck is lovely with strings of jewels.

11We will make for you gold ornaments studded with silver.

12The Beloved about Her Lover: While the king was at his banqueting table, my nard gave forth its fragrance.

13My beloved is like a fragrant pouch of myrrh spending the night between my breasts.

14My beloved is like a cluster of henna blossoms in the vineyards of En Gedi.

15The Lover to His Beloved: Oh, how beautiful you are, my beloved! Oh, how beautiful you are! Your eyes are like doves!

16The Beloved to Her Lover: Oh, how handsome you are, my lover! Oh, how delightful you are! The lush foliage is our canopied bed;

17the cedars are the beams of our bedroom chamber; the pines are the rafters of our bedroom.

1The Song of songs, which is Solomon’s.

2Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth; for your love is better than wine.

3Your oils have a pleasing fragrance. Your name is oil poured out, therefore the virgins love you.

4Take me away with you. Let us hurry. The king has brought me into his rooms. Friends We will be glad and rejoice in you. We will praise your love more than wine! Beloved They are right to love you.

5I am dark, but lovely, you daughters of Jerusalem, like Kedar’s tents, like Solomon’s curtains.

6Don’t stare at me because I am dark, because the sun has scorched me. My mother’s sons were angry with me. They made me keeper of the vineyards. I haven’t kept my own vineyard.

7Tell me, you whom my soul loves, where you graze your flock, where you rest them at noon; For why should I be as one who is veiled beside the flocks of your companions?

8If you don’t know, most beautiful among women, follow the tracks of the sheep. Graze your young goats beside the shepherds’ tents.

9I have compared you, my love, to a steed in Pharaoh’s chariots.

10Your cheeks are beautiful with earrings, your neck with strings of jewels.

11We will make you earrings of gold, with studs of silver.

12While the king sat at his table, my perfume spread its fragrance.

13My beloved is to me a sachet of myrrh, that lies between my breasts.

14My beloved is to me a cluster of henna blossoms from the vineyards of En Gedi.

15Behold, you are beautiful, my love. Behold, you are beautiful. Your eyes are doves.

16Behold, you are beautiful, my beloved, yes, pleasant; and our couch is verdant.

17The beams of our house are cedars. Our rafters are firs.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

The Song opens with the Bride longing for her Beloved's kisses and love, which she says is better than wine (vv. 1-4). She explains to the Daughters of Jerusalem that though sun-darkened from tending vineyards, she considers herself lovely, and asks where he pastures his flock so she can find him (vv. 5-8). He compares her beauty to a prized mare among Pharaoh's chariots and praises her ornamented cheeks and neck (vv. 9-11). She in turn describes him as fragrant myrrh and henna blossoms while they are near each other (vv. 12-14). The chapter closes with the couple exchanging tender compliments, delighting in each other and their surroundings (vv. 15-17).

Authorship & Background

Author: Solomon (1:1). Also called 'Canticles' or 'Song of Songs' (the greatest song). A love poem celebrating marital love — the only extended treatment of romantic/sexual love in Scripture. Interpreted on multiple levels: (1) literal — celebrating human love within marriage; (2) allegorical — picturing God's love for Israel or Christ's love for the Church (Ephesians 5:25-32).
Classification: Wisdom Literature — Love Poetry
Key Themes: A working woman rather than a princess, longing stated before the beloved appears, self-consciousness about her sun-darkened skin, and admiration that begins at once and runs both ways
Speakers: The Bride (Shulamite): vv.2-7, 12-14, 16; The Bridegroom (Solomon): vv.8-11, 15; The Daughters of Jerusalem: v.4 (partial), v.11; Title/Narrator: v.1
Historical Context: Chapter 1 opens the Song with its title verse identifying Solomon as author (v.1). Solomon composed 1,005 songs (1 Kings 4:32), yet this is called "The Song of Songs" — his greatest, the superlative of all songs. The setting is the royal court and countryside of ancient Israel. The Bride (the Shulamite) introduces herself to the Daughters of Jerusalem, expressing her longing for the Bridegroom while acknowledging her humble appearance. She is darkened by the sun from vineyard labor — not a palace princess but a working woman. The mutual admiration between Bride and Bridegroom begins immediately, establishing the passionate tone that governs the entire poem. Allegorically, this chapter pictures the soul's first longing for communion with God — the initial drawing, the sense of unworthiness, and the Bridegroom's reassuring affirmation of beauty.
The Song of Songs (v.1): The title is a Hebrew superlative, the song of songs in the way that holy of holies means the holiest place. Solomon is credited with 1,005 songs at 1 Kings 4:32, and this is presented as the best of them. Nothing else in the verse prepares a reader for what follows, and the book never mentions God by name.
The Bride: Draw Me, We Will Run After Thee (vv.2-4): The Song opens mid-desire, with no introduction and no scene set: let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth. The shift between “he” and “thou” within two verses is characteristic and untidy in the way real speech is. “Draw me, we will run after thee” moves from singular to plural, bringing the daughters of Jerusalem in as a chorus.
The Bride: I Am Black, but Comely (vv.5-7): She addresses her appearance directly and without apology: dark from working in the vineyards because her mother's children were angry with her, so she kept vineyards rather than herself. This is a labourer, not a court beauty, which matters for how the book's praise later lands. Verse 7 asks where he feeds his flock, so she is looking for him and unwilling to wander among the other shepherds' companies.
The Bridegroom: As a Company of Horses (vv.8-11): His first speech compares her to a company of horses in Pharaoh's chariots, which sounds odd until one knows that Egyptian chariot horses were the most admired animals in the region and elaborately ornamented. The compliment is about bearing rather than size. He then promises jewelry, borders of gold with studs of silver, spoken in the plural as though by attendants.
The Bride: A Bundle of Myrrh (vv.12-14): Three short images in her own voice, all of them scent rather than sight: spikenard, a bundle of myrrh lying all night between her breasts, a cluster of camphire from the vineyards of En-gedi. En-gedi is a real oasis by the Dead Sea, which anchors the poetry in a place someone could walk to.
Mutual Praise: Our Bed Is Green (vv.15-17): The chapter ends in exchange rather than monologue: he calls her fair and her eyes doves, she calls him fair and pleasant. Then “our bed is green” and the beams of the house are cedar and the rafters fir, so the setting moves outdoors into a wood. The alternation of voices established here governs the whole book.

Map & Geography

  • Jerusalem (v.5): Capital of Judah; the holy city where the Temple stood.

Places on this map

  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik notes that the Song opens with unashamed longing — the Bride does not apologize for her desire. This is God's design for marital love: passionate, expressive, mutual. The Bride's self-consciousness ("I am black") is met not with correction but with affirmation ("thou art fair"). Guzik emphasizes the allegorical dimension: every believer approaches Christ feeling unworthy, yet Christ's response is always to affirm what He sees in His redeemed Bride.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

A Summary of the Book of Song of Solomon | GotQuestions.org
Got Questions Ministries

Song of Songs 1:7-2:17 | I am My Beloved's | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Song of Songs 1:1-1:6 | The Bride and Her King | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Song of Songs: The Bible Explained
Spoken Gospel

Song of Songs Summary: A Complete Animated Overview
BibleProject

Rightly Do They Love You - Song of Solomon 1
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of Song of Solomon -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • An Opening Cry of Longing (v.2) — The Bride's very first words ask for her beloved's kisses and declare his love better than wine. Where has familiarity dulled a longing — for your spouse, or for God's presence — that used to feel urgent?
  • Beauty Spoken Over Self-Doubt (v.5) — She describes herself as darkened by the sun and self-conscious about her appearance, yet is called beautiful anyway. What insecurity are you carrying that you assume disqualifies you from being fully loved?
  • Neglecting Your Own Vineyard (v.6) — She admits that tending everyone else's vineyard left her own unattended. What relationship or part of your own soul are you neglecting because you're too busy managing everyone else's needs?
  • Love That Actively Seeks (v.7) — She doesn't wait to be found — she asks where he is and goes looking for him. Are you pursuing the people and the God you love, or passively waiting for connection to happen to you?