Jeremiah — Chapter 1

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1These are the words of Jeremiah son of Hilkiah, one of the priests in Anathoth in the territory of Benjamin.

2The word of the LORD came to Jeremiah in the thirteenth year of the reign of Josiah son of Amon king of Judah,

3and through the days of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah, until the fifth month of the eleventh year of Zedekiah son of Josiah king of Judah, when the people of Jerusalem went into exile.

4The word of the LORD came to me, saying:

5“Before I formed you in the womb I knew you, and before you were born I set you apart and appointed you as a prophet to the nations.”

6“Ah, Lord GOD,” I said, “I surely do not know how to speak, for I am only a child!”

7But the LORD told me: “Do not say, ‘I am only a child.’ For to everyone I send you, you must go, and all that I command you, you must speak.

8Do not be afraid of them, for I am with you to deliver you,” declares the LORD.

9Then the LORD reached out His hand, touched my mouth, and said to me: “Behold, I have put My words in your mouth.

10See, I have appointed you today over nations and kingdoms to uproot and tear down, to destroy and overthrow, to build and plant.”

11And the word of the LORD came to me, asking, “Jeremiah, what do you see?” “I see a branch of an almond tree,” I replied.

12“You have observed correctly,” said the LORD, “for I am watching over My word to accomplish it.”

13Again the word of the LORD came to me, asking, “What do you see?” “I see a boiling pot,” I replied, “and it is tilting toward us from the north.”

14Then the LORD said to me, “Disaster from the north will be poured out on all who live in the land.

15For I am about to summon all the clans and kingdoms of the north,” declares the LORD. “Their kings will come and set up their thrones at the entrance of the gates of Jerusalem. They will attack all her surrounding walls and all the other cities of Judah.

16I will pronounce My judgments against them for all their wickedness, because they have forsaken Me, and they have burned incense to other gods and worshiped the works of their own hands.

17Get yourself ready. Stand up and tell them everything that I command you. Do not be intimidated by them, or I will terrify you before them.

18Now behold, this day I have made you like a fortified city, an iron pillar, and bronze walls against the whole land—against the kings of Judah, its officials, its priests, and the people of the land.

19They will fight against you but will never overcome you, since I am with you to deliver you,” declares the LORD.

1The words of Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah, of the priests that were in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin:

2To whom the word of the LORD came in the days of Josiah the son of Amon king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign.

3It came also in the days of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, unto the end of the eleventh year of Zedekiah the son of Josiah king of Judah, unto the carrying away of Jerusalem captive in the fifth month.

4Then the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

5Before I formed thee in the belly I knew thee; and before thou camest forth out of the womb I sanctified thee, and I ordained thee a prophet unto the nations.

6Then said I, Ah, Lord GOD! behold, I cannot speak: for I am a child.

7But the LORD said unto me, Say not, I am a child: for thou shalt go to all that I shall send thee, and whatsoever I command thee thou shalt speak.

8Be not afraid of their faces: for I am with thee to deliver thee, saith the LORD.

9Then the LORD put forth his hand, and touched my mouth. And the LORD said unto me, Behold, I have put my words in thy mouth.

10See, I have this day set thee over the nations and over the kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, and to destroy, and to throw down, to build, and to plant.

11Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, Jeremiah, what seest thou? And I said, I see a rod of an almond tree.

12Then said the LORD unto me, Thou hast well seen: for I will hasten my word to perform it.

13And the word of the LORD came unto me the second time, saying, What seest thou? And I said, I see a seething pot; and the face thereof is toward the north.

14Then the LORD said unto me, Out of the north an evil shall break forth upon all the inhabitants of the land.

15For, lo, I will call all the families of the kingdoms of the north, saith the LORD; and they shall come, and they shall set every one his throne at the entering of the gates of Jerusalem, and against all the walls thereof round about, and against all the cities of Judah.

16And I will utter my judgments against them touching all their wickedness, who have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, and worshipped the works of their own hands.

17Thou therefore gird up thy loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that I command thee: be not dismayed at their faces, lest I confound thee before them.

18For, behold, I have made thee this day a defenced city, and an iron pillar, and brasen walls against the whole land, against the kings of Judah, against the princes thereof, against the priests thereof, and against the people of the land.

19And they shall fight against thee; but they shall not prevail against thee; for I am with thee, saith the LORD, to deliver thee.

1The words of Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah, of the priests that were in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin:

2to whom the word of Jehovah came in the days of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign.

3It came also in the days of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, unto the end of the eleventh year of Zedekiah, the son of Josiah, king of Judah, unto the carrying away of Jerusalem captive in the fifth month.

4Now the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying,

5Before I formed thee in the belly I knew thee, and before thou camest forth out of the womb I sanctified thee; I have appointed thee a prophet unto the nations.

6Then said I, Ah, Lord Jehovah! behold, I know not how to speak; for I am a child.

7But Jehovah said unto me, Say not, I am a child; for to whomsoever I shall send thee thou shalt go, and whatsoever I shall command thee thou shalt speak.

8Be not afraid because of them; for I am with thee to deliver thee, saith Jehovah.

9Then Jehovah put forth his hand, and touched my mouth; and Jehovah said unto me, Behold, I have put my words in thy mouth:

10see, I have this day set thee over the nations and over the kingdoms, to pluck up and to break down and to destroy and to overthrow, to build and to plant.

11Moreover the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying, Jeremiah, what seest thou? And I said, I see a rod of an almond-tree.

12Then said Jehovah unto me, Thou hast well seen: for I watch over my word to perform it.

13And the word of Jehovah came unto me the second time, saying, What seest thou? And I said, I see a boiling caldron; and the face thereof is from the north.

14Then Jehovah said unto me, Out of the north evil shall break forth upon all the inhabitants of the land.

15For, lo, I will call all the families of the kingdoms of the north, saith Jehovah; and they shall come, and they shall set every one his throne at the entrance of the gates of Jerusalem, and against all the walls thereof round about, and against all the cities of Judah.

16And I will utter my judgments against them touching all their wickedness, in that they have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, and worshipped the works of their own hands.

17Thou therefore gird up thy loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that I command thee: be not dismayed at them, lest I dismay thee before them.

18For, behold, I have made thee this day a fortified city, and an iron pillar, and brazen walls, against the whole land, against the kings of Judah, against the princes thereof, against the priests thereof, and against the people of the land.

19And they shall fight against thee; but they shall not prevail against thee: for I am with thee, saith Jehovah, to deliver thee.

1The following is a record of what Jeremiah son of Hilkiah prophesied. He was one of the priests who lived at Anathoth in the territory of the tribe of Benjamin.

2The Lord’s message came to him in the thirteenth year that Josiah son of Amon ruled over Judah.

3It also came in the days of Jehoiakim, son of Josiah, king of Judah, and continued until the eleventh year of Zedekiah, son of Josiah, king of Judah, until the people of Jerusalem were taken into exile in the fifth month of that year.

4The Lord’s message came to me,

5“Before I formed you in your mother’s womb, I chose you. Before you were born, I set you apart. I appointed you to be a prophet to the nations.”

6I answered, “Oh, Sovereign Lord, Really I do not know how to speak well enough for that, for I am too young.”

7The Lord said to me, “Do not say, ‘I am too young.’ But go to whomever I send you and say whatever I tell you.

8Do not be afraid of those to whom I send you, for I will be with you to protect you,” says the Lord.

9Then the Lord reached out his hand and touched my mouth and said to me, “I will most assuredly give you the words you are to speak for me.

10Know for certain that I hereby give you the authority to announce to nations and kingdoms that they will be uprooted and torn down, destroyed and demolished, rebuilt and firmly planted.”

11Later the Lord’s message came to me, “What do you see, Jeremiah?” I answered, “I see a branch of an almond tree.”

12Then the Lord said, “You have observed correctly. This means I am watching to make sure my threats are carried out.”

13The Lord’s message came to me a second time, “What do you see?” I answered, “I see a pot of boiling water; it is tipped away from the north.”

14Then the Lord said, “From the north destruction will break out on all who live in the land.

15For I will soon summon all the peoples of the kingdoms of the north,” says the Lord. “They will come and their kings will set up their thrones near the entrances of the gates of Jerusalem. They will attack all the walls surrounding it and all the towns in Judah.

16In this way I will pass sentence on the people of Jerusalem and Judah because of all their wickedness. For they rejected me and offered sacrifices to other gods, worshiping what they made with their own hands.

17“But you, Jeremiah, get yourself ready! Go and tell these people everything I instruct you to say. Do not be terrified of them, or I will give you good reason to be terrified of them.

18I, the Lord, hereby promise to make you as strong as a fortified city, an iron pillar, and a bronze wall. You will be able to stand up against all who live in the land, including the kings of Judah, its officials, its priests, and all the people of the land.

19They will attack you but they will not be able to overcome you, for I will be with you to rescue you,” says the Lord.

1The words of Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah, one of the priests who were in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin.

2Yahweh’s word came to him in the days of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign.

3It came also in the days of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, to the end of the eleventh year of Zedekiah, the son of Josiah, king of Judah, to the carrying away of Jerusalem captive in the fifth month.

4Now Yahweh’s word came to me, saying,

5“Before I formed you in the womb, I knew you. Before you were born, I sanctified you. I have appointed you a prophet to the nations.”

6Then I said, “Ah, Lord Yahweh! Behold, I don’t know how to speak; for I am a child.”

7But Yahweh said to me, “Don’t say, ‘I am a child;’ for you must go to whomever I send you, and you must say whatever I command you.

8Don’t be afraid because of them, for I am with you to rescue you,” says Yahweh.

9Then Yahweh stretched out his hand, and touched my mouth. Then Yahweh said to me, “Behold, I have put my words in your mouth.

10Behold, I have today set you over the nations and over the kingdoms, to uproot and to tear down, to destroy and to overthrow, to build and to plant.”

11Moreover Yahweh’s word came to me, saying, “Jeremiah, what do you see?” I said, “I see a branch of an almond tree.”

12Then Yahweh said to me, “You have seen well; for I watch over my word to perform it.”

13Yahweh’s word came to me the second time, saying, “What do you see?” I said, “I see a boiling cauldron; and it is tipping away from the north.”

14Then Yahweh said to me, “Out of the north, evil will break out on all the inhabitants of the land.

15For, behold, I will call all the families of the kingdoms of the north,” says Yahweh. “They will come, and they will each set his throne at the entrance of the gates of Jerusalem, and against all its walls all around, and against all the cities of Judah.

16I will utter my judgments against them concerning all their wickedness, in that they have forsaken me, and have burned incense to other gods, and worshiped the works of their own hands.

17“You therefore put your belt on your waist, arise, and say to them all that I command you. Don’t be dismayed at them, lest I dismay you before them.

18For, behold, I have made you today a fortified city, an iron pillar, and bronze walls, against the whole land, against the kings of Judah, against its princes, against its priests, and against the people of the land.

19They will fight against you, but they will not prevail against you; for I am with you”, says Yahweh, “to rescue you.”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

Before Jeremiah was formed in the womb, God set him apart and appointed him a prophet to the nations (vv. 4-5). Jeremiah objects that he is only a youth, but God tells him not to be afraid and touches his mouth, putting His words there and giving him authority to uproot and tear down, and to build and plant (vv. 6-10). Two confirming visions follow: an almond branch, signifying that God is watching over His word to perform it (vv. 11-12), and a boiling pot tilting away from the north, picturing the disaster about to come from that direction (vv. 13-16). God warns Jeremiah that Judah's kings, officials, priests, and people will fight against him, but promises to make him strong as a fortified wall so they cannot overcome him (vv. 17-19).

Authorship & Background

Author: Jeremiah son of Hilkiah, from the priestly town of Anathoth in Benjamin (3 miles north of Jerusalem).
Date: Jeremiah's ministry spanned approximately 627-585 BC — from Josiah's 13th year through the fall of Jerusalem (586 BC) and beyond into Egypt. Over 40 years of prophetic ministry, mostly met with rejection, persecution, and imprisonment.
Classification: Prophetic Call Narrative
Key Themes: Predestined calling, God's sovereignty over nations, prophetic authority from God (not self), the cost of prophetic ministry, the watching God, judgment from the north
Historical Context: Jeremiah was called in 627 BC — King Josiah's 13th year. Josiah's reforms (621 BC) were still ahead. The world was shifting: Assyria was weakening (Nineveh would fall in 612 BC), Babylon rising, and Egypt maneuvering. Judah was caught between these powers. Jeremiah would live through Josiah's reforms and death (609 BC), the corrupt reigns of Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah, and ultimately the destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar (586 BC). His message: submit to Babylon (God's instrument of judgment) or be destroyed.
The Priest's Son from Anathoth, and Forty Years of Kings (vv.1-3): The words of Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah, of the priests that were in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin. Anathoth was a priestly town about three miles north-east of Jerusalem, and it is where 1 Kings 2:26 records Solomon banishing Abiathar, which may make Jeremiah a descendant of the deposed priestly line. The dating covers the whole collapse in two verses: the thirteenth year of Josiah, which is 627 BC, then Jehoiakim, then the eleventh year of Zedekiah, unto the carrying away of Jerusalem captive in the fifth month. Forty years of preaching are summarized before the first oracle, so the reader is told the outcome in advance.
Known Before He Was Formed (vv.4-5): Before I formed thee in the belly I knew thee, and before thou camest forth out of the womb I sanctified thee, and I ordained thee a prophet unto the nations. Four verbs, all of them God's, and all of them complete before the man existed. The last phrase reaches wider than the book appears to: a prophet unto the nations, which is why chapters 46 to 51 belong in it rather than sitting as an appendix. Paul uses this verse's language of his own call in Galatians 1.
The Objection Overruled (vv.6-10): Then said I, Ah, Lord GOD, behold, I cannot speak, for I am a child. Moses had objected at the burning bush in almost the same terms and received the same kind of answer, say not, I am a child, for thou shalt go to all that I shall send thee. What is supplied is not eloquence but content, and it is described physically, the LORD put forth his hand, and touched my mouth, and said, Behold, I have put my words in thy mouth. The commission itself is six verbs, and the proportion holds for most of the book: to root out, and to pull down, and to destroy, and to throw down, and then to build, and to plant.
The Almond Rod (vv.11-12): What seest thou, and I said, I see a rod of an almond tree. The sign turns on a pun that only works in Hebrew, shaqed for almond against shoqed for watching, so the answer follows from the object, thou hast well seen, for I will hasten my word to perform it. There is a second reason for the almond. It is the first tree in the country to blossom, often in January, so the sign is about being early as much as about being watched.
The Seething Pot Facing North (vv.13-16): I see a seething pot, and the face thereof is toward the north, and the interpretation follows the direction, out of the north an evil shall break forth upon all the inhabitants of the land. Babylon lies east of Judah, but armies came from the north because the desert closed the direct route, so north is where invasion arrives from regardless of where the invader lives. The charge is stated once and briefly, because of all their wickedness, who have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, and worshipped the works of their own hands.
A Defenced City, an Iron Pillar (vv.17-19): Gird up thy loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that I command thee, be not dismayed at their faces, lest I confound thee before them. Then the promise, and it is about durability rather than about safety, I have made thee this day a defenced city, and an iron pillar, and brasen walls against the whole land. The opposition is itemised so he knows the scope of it, against the kings of Judah, against the princes thereof, against the priests thereof, and against the people of the land. And the terms are exact, they shall fight against thee, but they shall not prevail against thee. He is promised survival, not success, and the book is the record of both halves.

Map & Geography

  • Jerusalem (v.3, v.15): Capital of Judah; the holy city where the Temple stood.

Places on this map

  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Jeremiah 1 | A Prophet of Doom | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

90-Second Sermon #7 || Jeremiah 1:12 || "Jesus is the Better Almond Branch"
Spoken Gospel

Jeremiah: The Bible Explained
Spoken Gospel

Book of Jeremiah Summary: A Complete Animated Overview
BibleProject

Call of a Reluctant Prophet - Jeremiah 1:1-19
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Jeremiah -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Known Before Birth (v.5) — God tells Jeremiah He knew, set apart, and appointed him as a prophet before he was ever formed in the womb. Do you believe your life carries a purpose God established long before you had any say in it?
  • The Excuse of Inadequacy (v.6) — Jeremiah protests that he's too young and doesn't know how to speak, but God doesn't accept it as a disqualification. What excuse are you using to avoid a calling God has already equipped you for?
  • Presence, Not Comfort (v.8) — God's promise to Jeremiah isn't an easy ministry — it's His presence to see him through it. Are you seeking comfort from God, or trusting His presence even when the path is hard?
  • God Watches Over His Word (v.12) — The almond branch vision assures Jeremiah that God is actively watching to make sure His word comes to pass. Does it change how you wait on a promise, knowing God Himself is watching over it?
  • Strength for the Assignment (vv.17-19) — God commands Jeremiah to prepare himself and promises to make him as strong as a fortified city so opposition won't prevail. When you obey what God has asked, do you lean on His strength or your own?