Ephesians — Chapter 5

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1Be imitators of God, therefore, as beloved children,

2and walk in love, just as Christ loved us and gave Himself up for us as a fragrant sacrificial offering to God.

3But among you, as is proper among the saints, there must not be even a hint of sexual immorality, or of any kind of impurity, or of greed.

4Nor should there be obscenity, foolish talk, or crude joking, which are out of character, but rather thanksgiving.

5For of this you can be sure: No immoral, impure, or greedy person (that is, an idolater) has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God.

6Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of such things the wrath of God is coming on the sons of disobedience.

7Therefore do not be partakers with them.

8For you were once darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Walk as children of light,

9for the fruit of the light consists in all goodness, righteousness, and truth.

10Test and prove what pleases the Lord.

11Have no fellowship with the fruitless deeds of darkness, but rather expose them.

12For it is shameful even to mention what the disobedient do in secret.

13But everything exposed by the light becomes visible, for everything that is illuminated becomes a light itself.

14So it is said: “Wake up, O sleeper, rise up from the dead, and Christ will shine on you.”

15Pay careful attention, then, to how you walk, not as unwise but as wise,

16redeeming the time, because the days are evil.

17Therefore do not be foolish, but understand what the Lord’s will is.

18Do not get drunk on wine, which leads to reckless indiscretion. Instead, be filled with the Spirit.

19Speak to one another with psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs. Sing and make music in your hearts to the Lord,

20always giving thanks to God the Father for everything in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ.

21Submit to one another out of reverence for Christ.

22Wives, submit to your husbands as to the Lord.

23For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, His body, of which He is the Savior.

24Now as the church submits to Christ, so also wives should submit to their husbands in everything.

25Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave Himself up for her

26to sanctify her, cleansing her by the washing with water through the word,

27and to present her to Himself as a glorious church, without stain or wrinkle or any such blemish, but holy and blameless.

28In the same way, husbands ought to love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself.

29Indeed, no one ever hated his own body, but he nourishes and cherishes it, just as Christ does the church.

30For we are members of His body.

31“For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh.”

32This mystery is profound, but I am speaking about Christ and the church.

33Nevertheless, each one of you also must love his wife as he loves himself, and the wife must respect her husband.

1Be ye therefore followers of God, as dear children;

2And walk in love, as Christ also hath loved us, and hath given himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweetsmelling savour.

3But fornication, and all uncleanness, or covetousness, let it not be once named among you, as becometh saints;

4Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not convenient: but rather giving of thanks.

5For this ye know, that no whoremonger, nor unclean person, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, hath any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God.

6Let no man deceive you with vain words: for because of these things cometh the wrath of God upon the children of disobedience.

7Be not ye therefore partakers with them.

8For ye were sometimes darkness, but now are ye light in the Lord: walk as children of light:

9(For the fruit of the Spirit is in all goodness and righteousness and truth;)

10Proving what is acceptable unto the Lord.

11And have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather reprove them.

12For it is a shame even to speak of those things which are done of them in secret.

13But all things that are reproved are made manifest by the light: for whatsoever doth make manifest is light.

14Wherefore he saith, Awake thou that sleepest, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall give thee light.

15See then that ye walk circumspectly, not as fools, but as wise,

16Redeeming the time, because the days are evil.

17Wherefore be ye not unwise, but understanding what the will of the Lord is.

18And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit;

19Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord;

20Giving thanks always for all things unto God and the Father in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ;

21Submitting yourselves one to another in the fear of God.

22Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as unto the Lord.

23For the husband is the head of the wife, even as Christ is the head of the church: and he is the saviour of the body.

24Therefore as the church is subject unto Christ, so let the wives be to their own husbands in every thing.

25Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself for it;

26That he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word,

27That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish.

28So ought men to love their wives as their own bodies. He that loveth his wife loveth himself.

29For no man ever yet hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and cherisheth it, even as the Lord the church:

30For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones.

31For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall be joined unto his wife, and they two shall be one flesh.

32This is a great mystery: but I speak concerning Christ and the church.

33Nevertheless let every one of you in particular so love his wife even as himself; and the wife see that she reverence her husband.

1Be ye therefore imitators of God, as beloved children;

2and walk in love, even as Christ also loved you, and gave himself up for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God for an odor of a sweet smell.

3But fornication, and all uncleanness, or covetousness, let it not even be named among you, as becometh saints;

4nor filthiness, nor foolish talking, or jesting, which are not befitting: but rather giving of thanks.

5For this ye know of a surety, that no fornicator, nor unclean person, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, hath any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God.

6Let no man deceive you with empty words: for because of these things cometh the wrath of God upon the sons of disobedience.

7Be not ye therefore partakers with them;

8For ye were once darkness, but are now light in the Lord: walk as children of light

9(for the fruit of the light is in all goodness and righteousness and truth),

10proving what is well-pleasing unto the Lord;

11and have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather even reprove them;

12for the things which are done by them in secret it is a shame even to speak of.

13But all things when they are reproved are made manifest by the light: for everything that is made manifest is light.

14Wherefore [he] saith, Awake, thou that sleepest, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall shine upon thee.

15Look therefore carefully how ye walk, not as unwise, but as wise;

16redeeming the time, because the days are evil.

17Wherefore be ye not foolish, but understand what the will of the Lord is.

18And be not drunken with wine, wherein is riot, but be filled with the Spirit;

19speaking one to another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody with your heart to the Lord;

20giving thanks always for all things in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ to God, even the Father;

21subjecting yourselves one to another in the fear of Christ.

22Wives, [be in subjection] unto your own husbands, as unto the Lord.

23For the husband is the head of the wife, and Christ also is the head of the church, [being] himself the saviour of the body.

24But as the church is subject to Christ, so [let] the wives also [be] to their husbands in everything.

25Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself up for it;

26that he might sanctify it, having cleansed it by the washing of water with the word,

27that he might present the church to himself a glorious [church], not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish.

28Even so ought husbands also to love their own wives as their own bodies. He that loveth his own wife loveth himself:

29for no man ever hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and cherisheth it, even as Christ also the church;

30because we are members of his body.

31For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife; and the two shall become one flesh.

32This mystery is great: but I speak in regard of Christ and of the church.

33Nevertheless do ye also severally love each one his own wife even as himself; and [let] the wife [see] that she fear her husband.

1Therefore, be imitators of God as dearly loved children

2and live in love, just as Christ also loved us and gave himself for us, a sacrificial and fragrant offering to God.

3But among you there must not be either sexual immorality, impurity of any kind, or greed, as these are not fitting for the saints.

4Neither should there be vulgar speech, foolish talk, or coarse jesting—all of which are out of character—but rather thanksgiving.

5For you can be confident of this one thing: that no person who is immoral, impure, or greedy (such a person is an idolater) has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God.

6Let nobody deceive you with empty words, for because of these things God’s wrath comes on the sons of disobedience.

7Therefore do not be sharers with them,

8for you were at one time darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Live like children of light—

9for the fruit of the light consists in all goodness, righteousness, and truth—

10trying to learn what is pleasing to the Lord.

11Do not participate in the unfruitful deeds of darkness, but rather expose them.

12For the things they do in secret are shameful even to mention.

13But all things being exposed by the light are made visible.

14For everything made visible is light, and for this reason it says: “Awake, O sleeper! Rise from the dead, and Christ will shine on you!”

15Therefore consider carefully how you live—not as unwise but as wise,

16taking advantage of every opportunity because the days are evil.

17For this reason do not be foolish, but be wise by understanding what the Lord’s will is.

18And do not get drunk with wine, which is debauchery, but be filled by the Spirit,

19speaking to one another in psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs, singing and making music in your hearts to the Lord,

20always giving thanks to God the Father for all things in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ,

21and submitting to one another out of reverence for Christ.

22Wives, submit to your husbands as to the Lord,

23because the husband is the head of the wife as also Christ is the head of the church (he himself being the savior of the body).

24But as the church submits to Christ, so also wives should submit to their husbands in everything.

25Husbands, love your wives just as Christ loved the church and gave himself for her

26to sanctify her by cleansing her with the washing of the water by the word,

27so that he may present the church to himself as glorious—not having a stain or wrinkle, or any such blemish, but holy and blameless.

28In the same way husbands ought to love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself.

29For no one has ever hated his own body, but he feeds it and takes care of it, just as Christ also does the church,

30because we are members of his body.

31For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and will be joined to his wife, and the two will become one flesh.

32This mystery is great—but I am actually speaking with reference to Christ and the church.

33Nevertheless, each one of you must also love his own wife as he loves himself, and the wife must respect her husband.

1Be therefore imitators of God, as beloved children.

2Walk in love, even as Christ also loved you, and gave himself up for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweet-smelling fragrance.

3But sexual immorality, and all uncleanness, or covetousness, let it not even be mentioned among you, as becomes saints;

4nor filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not appropriate; but rather giving of thanks.

5Know this for sure, that no sexually immoral person, nor unclean person, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, has any inheritance in the Kingdom of Christ and God.

6Let no one deceive you with empty words. For because of these things, the wrath of God comes on the children of disobedience.

7Therefore don’t be partakers with them.

8For you were once darkness, but are now light in the Lord. Walk as children of light,

9for the fruit of the Spirit is in all goodness and righteousness and truth,

10proving what is well pleasing to the Lord.

11Have no fellowship with the unfruitful deeds of darkness, but rather even reprove them.

12For the things which are done by them in secret, it is a shame even to speak of.

13But all things, when they are reproved, are revealed by the light, for everything that reveals is light.

14Therefore he says, “Awake, you who sleep, and arise from the dead, and Christ will shine on you.”

15Therefore watch carefully how you walk, not as unwise, but as wise;

16redeeming the time, because the days are evil.

17Therefore don’t be foolish, but understand what the will of the Lord is.

18Don’t be drunken with wine, in which is dissipation, but be filled with the Spirit,

19speaking to one another in psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs; singing, and making melody in your heart to the Lord;

20giving thanks always concerning all things in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, to God, even the Father;

21subjecting yourselves to one another in the fear of Christ.

22Wives, be subject to your own husbands, as to the Lord.

23For the husband is the head of the wife, as Christ also is the head of the assembly, being himself the savior of the body.

24But as the assembly is subject to Christ, so let the wives also be to their own husbands in everything.

25Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the assembly, and gave himself up for it;

26that he might sanctify it, having cleansed it by the washing of water with the word,

27that he might present the assembly to himself gloriously, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without defect.

28Even so husbands also ought to love their own wives as their own bodies. He who loves his own wife loves himself.

29For no man ever hated his own flesh; but nourishes and cherishes it, even as the Lord also does the assembly;

30because we are members of his body, of his flesh and bones.

31“For this cause a man will leave his father and mother, and will be joined to his wife. The two will become one flesh.”

32This mystery is great, but I speak concerning Christ and of the assembly.

33Nevertheless each of you must also love his own wife even as himself; and let the wife see that she respects her husband.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

Paul calls believers to imitate God and walk in love as Christ did, avoiding sexual immorality, impurity, greed, and coarse talk that have no place among God's people and invite His wrath (vv. 1-7). Once darkness, they are now light in the Lord and should live as children of light, exposing rather than joining the fruitless works of darkness, waking up to the light Christ gives (vv. 8-14). He urges them to walk wisely, make the most of their time, and be filled with the Spirit instead of wine — singing, giving thanks, and submitting to one another out of reverence for Christ (vv. 15-21). Wives are told to submit to their husbands as to the Lord, while husbands are told to love their wives sacrificially, as Christ loved the church and gave himself to cleanse and present her without blemish (vv. 22-27). Husbands should love their wives as their own bodies, since the two become one flesh — a profound picture of Christ and the church — with the chapter closing by calling husbands to love and wives to respect (vv. 28-33).

Authorship & Background

Author: Paul the Apostle (see Chapter 1 notes for full authorship details).
Historical Context: Chapter 5 continues the practical section of Ephesians. Paul moves from general holiness (4:25-32) to specific areas: walking in love (vv.1-7), walking in light (vv.8-14), walking in wisdom (vv.15-21), and the marriage relationship as a picture of Christ and the church (vv.22-33). The marriage passage is one of the most significant in all of Scripture for understanding both human marriage and Christ's love for His church.
Classification: Epistle — Pauline, Prison Epistle
Key Themes: Believers called not merely to have been in darkness but to have been darkness itself, redeeming the time set alongside being filled with the Spirit as the same command, singing and thanksgiving and mutual submission offered as evidence rather than instruction, marriage read backward from Christ and the church rather than forward from custom, and a great mystery named rather than fully explained
Walk in Love (vv.1-7): Imitate God as beloved children. Walk in love as Christ loved us and gave Himself for us (v.2). Sexual immorality, impurity, and covetousness should not even be named among saints (v.3). These exclude from God's kingdom (v.5).
Walk in Light (vv.8-14): "Ye were sometimes darkness, but now are ye light" (v.8) — not just "in darkness" but darkness itself. Now light itself. Light exposes darkness (v.13). "Awake thou that sleepest" (v.14) — a call to spiritual alertness.
Walk in Wisdom (vv.15-21): Redeem the time (v.16). Understand God's will (v.17). Be filled with the Spirit (v.18) — the key command of the passage. The evidence of Spirit-filling: singing, thanksgiving, mutual submission (vv.19-21).
Marriage: Christ and the Church (vv.22-33): Wives submit to husbands as the church submits to Christ (vv.22-24). Husbands love wives as Christ loved the church — sacrificially, sanctifyingly, nourishingly (vv.25-29). Marriage is a "great mystery" pointing to Christ and the church (v.32).

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers walking in love, light, and wisdom, being filled with the Spirit, and the marriage relationship as a picture of Christ and the church.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

What is the meaning of “redeeming the time” in Ephesians 5:16? | GotQuestions.org
Got Questions Ministries

Ephesians 5:1-6:9 | Love, Light, Wisdom and Submission | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Ephesians 5:22-33 - The Christian Marriage
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Ephesians -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Loving as Christ Loved (v.2) — Believers are called to walk in a love that gave itself sacrificially, following Christ's example. Where in your relationships does love cost you something rather than just feel convenient?
  • Living as Light, Not Just Near It (v.8) — Paul says believers are no longer merely in darkness but have become light itself. Where in your life are you still hiding in shadows instead of letting your life shine?
  • Making the Most of Your Days (v.16) — Paul urges believers to redeem the time because the days are evil and opportunities are limited. What would change about how you spend today if you treated your time as genuinely precious?
  • Filled With the Spirit (v.18) — Paul commands believers to be continually filled with the Spirit rather than controlled by anything else. What tends to fill you instead — busyness, screens, worry — and how do you position yourself to be filled by the Spirit instead?
  • A Sacrificial, Christlike Love (v.25) — Husbands are called to love their wives the way Christ loved the church, giving Himself up for her. Where does your love for those closest to you fall short of that sacrificial standard?
  • Marriage as a Picture of the Gospel (v.32) — Paul calls the marriage relationship a great mystery that reflects Christ's relationship with the church. How does seeing marriage this way change how you view and treat your spouse?