Hebrews — Chapter 5

Loading ESV text...

1Every high priest is appointed from among men to represent them in matters relating to God, to offer gifts and sacrifices for sins.

2He is able to deal gently with those who are ignorant and misguided, since he himself is subject to weakness.

3That is why he is obligated to offer sacrifices for his own sins, as well as for the sins of the people.

4No one takes this honor upon himself; he must be called by God, just as Aaron was.

5So also Christ did not take upon Himself the glory of becoming a high priest, but He was called by the One who said to Him: “You are My Son; today I have become Your Father.”

6And in another passage God says: “You are a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek.”

7During the days of Jesus’ earthly life, He offered up prayers and petitions with loud cries and tears to the One who could save Him from death, and He was heard because of His reverence.

8Although He was a Son, He learned obedience from what He suffered.

9And having been made perfect, He became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey Him

10and was designated by God as high priest in the order of Melchizedek.

11We have much to say about this, but it is hard to explain, because you are dull of hearing.

12Although by this time you ought to be teachers, you need someone to reteach you the basic principles of God’s word. You need milk, not solid food!

13For everyone who lives on milk is still an infant, inexperienced in the message of righteousness.

14But solid food is for the mature, who by constant use have trained their senses to distinguish good from evil.

1For every high priest taken from among men is ordained for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins:

2Who can have compassion on the ignorant, and on them that are out of the way; for that he himself also is compassed with infirmity.

3And by reason hereof he ought, as for the people, so also for himself, to offer for sins.

4And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron.

5So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee.

6As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.

7Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared;

8Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered;

9And being made perfect, he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him;

10Called of God an high priest after the order of Melchisedec.

11Of whom we have many things to say, and hard to be uttered, seeing ye are dull of hearing.

12For when for the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need that one teach you again which be the first principles of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of strong meat.

13For every one that useth milk is unskilful in the word of righteousness: for he is a babe.

14But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.

1For every high priest, being taken from among men, is appointed for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins:

2who can bear gently with the ignorant and erring, for that he himself also is compassed with infirmity;

3and by reason thereof is bound, as for the people, so also for himself, to offer for sins.

4And no man taketh the honor unto himself, but when he is called of God, even as was Aaron.

5So Christ also glorified not himself to be made a high priest, but he that spake unto him, Thou art my Son, This day have I begotten thee:

6as he saith also in another [place,] Thou art a priest for ever After the order of Melchizedek.

7Who in the days of his flesh, having offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and having been heard for his godly fear,

8though he was a Son, yet learned obedience by the things which he suffered;

9and having been made perfect, he became unto all them that obey him the author of eternal salvation;

10named of God a high priest after the order of Melchizedek.

11Of whom we have many things to say, and hard of interpretation, seeing ye are become dull of hearing.

12For when by reason of the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need again that some one teach you the rudiments of the first principles of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of solid food.

13For every one that partaketh of milk is without experience of the word of righteousness; for he is a babe.

14But solid food is for fullgrown men, [even] those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern good and evil.

1For every high priest is taken from among the people and appointed to represent them before God, to offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins.

2He is able to deal compassionately with those who are ignorant and erring, since he also is subject to weakness,

3and for this reason he is obligated to make sin offerings for himself as well as for the people.

4And no one assumes this honor on his own initiative, but only when called to it by God, as in fact Aaron was.

5So also Christ did not glorify himself in becoming high priest, but the one who glorified him was God, who said to him, “You are my Son! Today I have fathered you,”

6as also in another place God says, “You are a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek.”

7During his earthly life Christ offered both requests and supplications, with loud cries and tears, to the one who was able to save him from death, and he was heard because of his devotion.

8Although he was a son, he learned obedience through the things he suffered.

9And by being perfected in this way, he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him,

10and he was designated by God as high priest in the order of Melchizedek.

11On this topic we have much to say, and it is difficult to explain, since you have become sluggish in hearing.

12For though you should in fact be teachers by this time, you need someone to teach you the beginning elements of God’s utterances. You have gone back to needing milk, not solid food.

13For everyone who lives on milk is inexperienced in the message of righteousness because he is an infant.

14But solid food is for the mature, whose perceptions are trained by practice to discern both good and evil.

1For every high priest, being taken from among men, is appointed for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins.

2The high priest can deal gently with those who are ignorant and going astray, because he himself is also surrounded with weakness.

3Because of this, he must offer sacrifices for sins for the people, as well as for himself.

4Nobody takes this honor on himself, but he is called by God, just like Aaron was.

5So also Christ didn’t glorify himself to be made a high priest, but it was he who said to him, “You are my Son. Today I have become your father.”

6As he says also in another place, “You are a priest forever, after the order of Melchizedek.”

7He, in the days of his flesh, having offered up prayers and petitions with strong crying and tears to him who was able to save him from death, and having been heard for his godly fear,

8though he was a Son, yet learned obedience by the things which he suffered.

9Having been made perfect, he became to all of those who obey him the author of eternal salvation,

10named by God a high priest after the order of Melchizedek.

11About him we have many words to say, and hard to interpret, seeing you have become dull of hearing.

12For although by this time you should be teachers, you again need to have someone teach you the rudiments of the first principles of the revelations of God. You have come to need milk, and not solid food.

13For everyone who lives on milk is not experienced in the word of righteousness, for he is a baby.

14But solid food is for those who are full grown, who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern good and evil.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

Every high priest is chosen from among people to represent them before God, offering gifts and sacrifices for sin, and dealing gently with the ignorant and wayward because he shares their weakness, offering sacrifices for his own sins as well as theirs (vv. 1-3). No one takes this honor on himself but is called by God, as Aaron was, and Christ likewise did not exalt himself but was appointed by God and declared a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek (vv. 4-6). Though he was God's Son, Christ learned obedience through what he suffered, offering prayers with loud cries and tears, and having been made perfect became the source of eternal salvation for all who obey him (vv. 7-10). The author then rebukes his readers for spiritual immaturity, saying they should be teachers by now but still need to be taught the basics, remaining on milk rather than solid food because they lack practice in distinguishing good from evil (vv. 11-14).

Authorship & Background

Author: Unknown (see Chapter 1 notes for full discussion).
Historical Context: Chapter 5 begins the extended discussion of Christ's priesthood that runs through chapter 10. The author first describes the qualifications of any high priest (vv.1-4), then shows how Christ meets and exceeds them (vv.5-10). The chapter ends with a rebuke: the readers should be mature enough for this teaching but have become spiritually dull (vv.11-14). The Melchizedek priesthood is introduced here but developed fully in chapter 7.
Classification: Epistle — Sermon or Treatise
Key Themes: Qualifications for a high priest listed before Christ is shown to exceed them, strong crying and tears placed inside a chapter about qualification rather than emotion, obedience learned through suffering by one who was already a Son, an order named after Melchizedek and left unexplained until later, and a rebuke for readers who should already be teachers but need milk again
Qualifications of a High Priest (vv.1-4): Taken from among men (v.1). Appointed to represent men before God (v.1). Able to sympathize with the weak because he shares their weakness (v.2). Must offer sacrifice for his own sins as well as the people's (v.3). Called by God, not self-appointed (v.4).
Christ's Priesthood (vv.5-10): Christ didn't appoint Himself — God declared Him Son (v.5) and priest "after the order of Melchisedec" (v.6). In His earthly life, He prayed with "strong crying and tears" (v.7 — Gethsemane). Though a Son, He "learned obedience by the things which he suffered" (v.8). Made perfect, He became "the author of eternal salvation" (v.9).
Spiritual Immaturity Rebuked (vv.11-14): The readers are "dull of hearing" (v.11). They should be teachers by now but need to relearn basics (v.12). They need milk, not solid food (v.12). Mature believers have "senses exercised to discern both good and evil" (v.14).

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers priestly qualifications, Christ's Gethsemane prayers, the Melchizedek introduction, and the rebuke of immaturity.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Hebrews 5:11-6:20 | Growing in Grace | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Jesus, Our Great High Priest - Hebrews 5:1-11
David Guzik

Jesus Leads Us Forward - Hebrews 5:11-6:3
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Hebrews -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Honest, Desperate Prayer (v.7) — In His earthly life Jesus prayed with loud cries and tears to the one able to save Him from death. Does your own prayer life carry that kind of honesty and urgency, or do you keep your deepest struggles at a distance from God?
  • Learning Obedience Through Suffering (v.8) — Even as the Son, Christ learned obedience through what He suffered. What is your current season of difficulty teaching you about submitting to God?
  • Stuck on Milk When You Should Be Teaching (v.12) — The readers had been believers long enough to teach others but still needed to be retaught the basics. Given how long you've walked with God, are you growing toward maturity or stuck relearning fundamentals?
  • Maturity Comes Through Practice (v.14) — Solid spiritual food is for the mature, whose senses have been trained by practice to tell good from evil. Are you actually applying what you know, or is your growth stalled because knowledge isn't turning into practice?