1 Kings — Chapter 13

Loading ESV text...

1Suddenly, as Jeroboam was standing beside the altar to burn incense, there came a man of God from Judah to Bethel by the word of the LORD.

2And he cried out against the altar by the word of the LORD, “O altar, O altar, this is what the LORD says: ‘A son named Josiah will be born to the house of David, and upon you he will sacrifice the priests of the high places who burn incense upon you, and human bones will be burned upon you.’”

3That day the man of God gave a sign, saying, “The LORD has spoken this sign: ‘Surely the altar will be split apart, and the ashes upon it will be poured out.’”

4Now when King Jeroboam, who was at the altar in Bethel, heard the word that the man of God had cried out against it, he stretched out his hand and said, “Seize him!” But the hand he stretched out toward him withered, so that he could not pull it back.

5And the altar was split apart, and the ashes poured out, according to the sign that the man of God had given by the word of the LORD.

6Then the king responded to the man of God, “Intercede with the LORD your God and pray for me that my hand may be restored.” So the man of God interceded with the LORD, and the king’s hand was restored to him as it was before.

7Then the king said to the man of God, “Come home with me and refresh yourself, and I will give you a reward.”

8But the man of God replied, “If you were to give me half your possessions, I still would not go with you, nor would I eat bread or drink water in this place.

9For this is what I was commanded by the word of the LORD: ‘You must not eat bread or drink water or return by the way you came.’”

10So the man of God went another way and did not return by the way he had come to Bethel.

11Now a certain old prophet was living in Bethel, and his sons came and told him all the deeds that the man of God had done that day in Bethel. They also told their father the words that the man had spoken to the king.

12“Which way did he go?” their father asked. And his sons showed him the way taken by the man of God, who had come from Judah.

13So the prophet said to his sons, “Saddle the donkey for me.” Then they saddled the donkey for him, and he mounted it

14and went after the man of God. He found him sitting under an oak tree and asked, “Are you the man of God who came from Judah?” “I am,” he replied.

15So the prophet said to the man of God, “Come home with me and eat some bread.”

16But the man replied, “I cannot go home with you, and I will not eat bread or drink water with you in this place.

17For I have been told by the word of the LORD: ‘You must not eat bread or drink water there or return by the way you came.’”

18Then the prophet replied, “I too am a prophet like you, and an angel spoke to me by the word of the LORD, saying, ‘Bring him back with you to your house, so that he may eat bread and drink water.’” The old prophet was lying to him,

19but the man of God went back with him, ate bread in his house, and drank water.

20While they were sitting at the table, the word of the LORD came to the prophet who had brought him back,

21and the prophet cried out to the man of God who had come from Judah, “This is what the LORD says: ‘Because you have defied the word of the LORD and have not kept the commandment that the LORD your God gave you,

22but you went back and ate bread and drank water in the place where He told you not to do so, your body shall never reach the tomb of your fathers.’”

23And after the man of God had finished eating and drinking, the old prophet who had brought him back saddled the donkey for him.

24As he went on his way, a lion met him on the road and killed him, and his body was left lying in the road, with the donkey and the lion standing beside it.

25And there were men passing by who saw the body lying in the road with the lion standing beside it, and they went and reported this in the city where the old prophet lived.

26When the prophet who had brought him back from his journey heard this, he said, “It is the man of God who disobeyed the command of the LORD. Therefore the LORD has delivered him to the lion, and it has mauled him and killed him, according to the word that the LORD had spoken to him.”

27Then the old prophet instructed his sons, “Saddle the donkey for me.” So they saddled it,

28and he went and found the body lying in the road, with the donkey and the lion standing beside it. The lion had not eaten the body or mauled the donkey.

29So the old prophet lifted up the body of the man of God, laid it on the donkey, and brought it back to his own city to mourn for him and bury him.

30Then he laid the body in his own tomb, and they lamented over him, “Oh, my brother!”

31After he had buried him, the prophet said to his sons, “When I die, you must bury me in the tomb where the man of God is buried. Lay my bones beside his bones,

32for the message that he cried out by the word of the LORD against the altar in Bethel and against all the shrines on the high places in the cities of Samaria will surely come to pass.”

33Even after these events, Jeroboam did not repent of his evil ways, but again he appointed priests for the high places from every class of people. He ordained anyone who desired to be a priest of the high places.

34And this was the sin of the house of Jeroboam that led to its extermination and destruction from the face of the earth.

1And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of the LORD unto Bethel: and Jeroboam stood by the altar to burn incense.

2And he cried against the altar in the word of the LORD, and said, O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD; Behold, a child shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he offer the priests of the high places that burn incense upon thee, and men’s bones shall be burnt upon thee.

3And he gave a sign the same day, saying, This is the sign which the LORD hath spoken; Behold, the altar shall be rent, and the ashes that are upon it shall be poured out.

4And it came to pass, when king Jeroboam heard the saying of the man of God, which had cried against the altar in Bethel, that he put forth his hand from the altar, saying, Lay hold on him. And his hand, which he put forth against him, dried up, so that he could not pull it in again to him.

5The altar also was rent, and the ashes poured out from the altar, according to the sign which the man of God had given by the word of the LORD.

6And the king answered and said unto the man of God, Intreat now the face of the LORD thy God, and pray for me, that my hand may be restored me again. And the man of God besought the LORD, and the king’s hand was restored him again, and became as it was before.

7And the king said unto the man of God, Come home with me, and refresh thyself, and I will give thee a reward.

8And the man of God said unto the king, If thou wilt give me half thine house, I will not go in with thee, neither will I eat bread nor drink water in this place:

9For so was it charged me by the word of the LORD, saying, Eat no bread, nor drink water, nor turn again by the same way that thou camest.

10So he went another way, and returned not by the way that he came to Bethel.

11Now there dwelt an old prophet in Bethel; and his sons came and told him all the works that the man of God had done that day in Bethel: the words which he had spoken unto the king, them they told also to their father.

12And their father said unto them, What way went he? For his sons had seen what way the man of God went, which came from Judah.

13And he said unto his sons, Saddle me the ass. So they saddled him the ass: and he rode thereon,

14And went after the man of God, and found him sitting under an oak: and he said unto him, Art thou the man of God that camest from Judah? And he said, I am.

15Then he said unto him, Come home with me, and eat bread.

16And he said, I may not return with thee, nor go in with thee: neither will I eat bread nor drink water with thee in this place:

17For it was said to me by the word of the LORD, Thou shalt eat no bread nor drink water there, nor turn again to go by the way that thou camest.

18He said unto him, I am a prophet also as thou art; and an angel spake unto me by the word of the LORD, saying, Bring him back with thee into thine house, that he may eat bread and drink water. But he lied unto him.

19So he went back with him, and did eat bread in his house, and drank water.

20And it came to pass, as they sat at the table, that the word of the LORD came unto the prophet that brought him back:

21And he cried unto the man of God that came from Judah, saying, Thus saith the LORD, Forasmuch as thou hast disobeyed the mouth of the LORD, and hast not kept the commandment which the LORD thy God commanded thee,

22But camest back, and hast eaten bread and drunk water in the place, of the which the LORD did say to thee, Eat no bread, and drink no water; thy carcase shall not come unto the sepulchre of thy fathers.

23And it came to pass, after he had eaten bread, and after he had drunk, that he saddled for him the ass, to wit, for the prophet whom he had brought back.

24And when he was gone, a lion met him by the way, and slew him: and his carcase was cast in the way, and the ass stood by it, the lion also stood by the carcase.

25And, behold, men passed by, and saw the carcase cast in the way, and the lion standing by the carcase: and they came and told it in the city where the old prophet dwelt.

26And when the prophet that brought him back from the way heard thereof, he said, It is the man of God, who was disobedient unto the word of the LORD: therefore the LORD hath delivered him unto the lion, which hath torn him, and slain him, according to the word of the LORD, which he spake unto him.

27And he spake to his sons, saying, Saddle me the ass. And they saddled him.

28And he went and found his carcase cast in the way, and the ass and the lion standing by the carcase: the lion had not eaten the carcase, nor torn the ass.

29And the prophet took up the carcase of the man of God, and laid it upon the ass, and brought it back: and the old prophet came to the city, to mourn and to bury him.

30And he laid his carcase in his own grave; and they mourned over him, saying, Alas, my brother!

31And it came to pass, after he had buried him, that he spake to his sons, saying, When I am dead, then bury me in the sepulchre wherein the man of God is buried; lay my bones beside his bones:

32For the saying which he cried by the word of the LORD against the altar in Bethel, and against all the houses of the high places which are in the cities of Samaria, shall surely come to pass.

33After this thing Jeroboam returned not from his evil way, but made again of the lowest of the people priests of the high places: whosoever would, he consecrated him, and he became one of the priests of the high places.

34And this thing became sin unto the house of Jeroboam, even to cut it off, and to destroy it from off the face of the earth.

1And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of Jehovah unto Beth-el: and Jeroboam was standing by the altar to burn incense.

2And he cried against the altar by the word of Jehovah, and said, O altar, altar, thus saith Jehovah: Behold, a son shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he sacrifice the priests of the high places that burn incense upon thee, and men`s bones shall they burn upon thee.

3And he gave a sign the same day, saying, This is the sign which Jehovah hath spoken: Behold, the altar shall be rent, and the ashes that are upon it shall be poured out.

4And it came to pass, when the king heard the saying of the man of God, which he cried against the altar in Beth-el, that Jeroboam put forth his hand from the altar, saying, Lay hold on him. And his hand, which he put forth against him, dried up, so that he could not draw it back again to him.

5The altar also was rent, and the ashes poured out from the altar, according to the sign which the man of God had given by the word of Jehovah.

6And the king answered and said unto the man of God, Entreat now the favor of Jehovah thy God, and pray for me, that my hand may be restored me again. And the man of God entreated Jehovah, and the king`s hand was restored him again, and became as it was before.

7And the king said unto the man of God, Come home with me, and refresh thyself, and I will give thee a reward.

8And the man of God said unto the king, If thou wilt give me half thy house, I will not go in with thee, neither will I eat bread nor drink water in this place;

9for so was it charged me by the word of Jehovah, saying, Thou shalt eat no bread, nor drink water, neither return by the way that thou camest.

10So he went another way, and returned not by the way that he came to Beth-el.

11Now there dwelt an old prophet in Beth-el; and one of his sons came and told him all the works that the man of God had done that day in Beth-el: the words which he had spoken unto the king, them also they told unto their father.

12And their father said unto them, What way went he? Now his sons had seen what way the man of God went, that came from Judah.

13And he said unto his sons, Saddle me the ass. So they saddled him the ass; and he rode thereon.

14And he went after the man of God, and found him sitting under an oak; and he said unto him, Art thou the man of God that camest from Judah? And he said, I am.

15Then he said unto him, Come home with me, and eat bread.

16And he said, I may not return with thee, nor go in with thee; neither will I eat bread nor drink water with thee in this place:

17for it was said to me by the word of Jehovah, Thou shalt eat no bread nor drink water there, nor turn again to go by the way that thou camest.

18And he said unto him, I also am a prophet as thou art; and an angel spake unto me by the word of Jehovah, saying, Bring him back with thee into thy house, that he may eat bread and drink water. [But] he lied unto him.

19So he went back with him, and did eat bread in his house, and drank water.

20And it came to pass, as they sat at the table, that the word of Jehovah came unto the prophet that brought him back;

21and he cried unto the man of God that came from Judah, saying, Thus saith Jehovah, Forasmuch as thou hast been disobedient unto the mouth of Jehovah, and hast not kept the commandment which Jehovah thy God commanded thee,

22but camest back, and hast eaten bread and drunk water in the place of which he said to thee, Eat no bread, and drink no water; thy body shall not come unto the sepulchre of thy fathers.

23And it came to pass, after he had eaten bread, and after he had drunk, that he saddled for him the ass, [to wit], for the prophet whom he had brought back.

24And when he was gone, a lion met him by the way, and slew him: and his body was cast in the way, and the ass stood by it; the lion also stood by the body.

25And, behold, men passed by, and saw the body cast in the way, and the lion standing by the body; and they came and told it in the city where the old prophet dwelt.

26And when the prophet that brought him back from the way heard thereof, he said, It is the man of God, who was disobedient unto the mouth of Jehovah: therefore Jehovah hath delivered him unto the lion, which hath torn him, and slain him, according to the word of Jehovah, which he spake unto him.

27And he spake to his sons, saying, Saddle me the ass. And they saddled it.

28And he went and found his body cast in the way, and the ass and the lion standing by the body: the lion had not eaten the body, nor torn the ass.

29And the prophet took up the body of the man of God, and laid it upon the ass, and brought it back; and he came to the city of the old prophet, to mourn, and to bury him.

30And he laid his body in his own grave; and they mourned over him, [saying], Alas, my brother!

31And it came to pass, after he had buried him, that he spake to his sons, saying, When I am dead, then bury me in the sepulchre wherein the man of God is buried; lay my bones beside his bones.

32For the saying which he cried by the word of Jehovah against the altar in Beth-el, and against all the houses of the high places which are in the cities of Samaria, shall surely come to pass.

33After this thing Jeroboam returned not from his evil way, but made again from among all the people priests of the high places: whosoever would, he consecrated him, that there might be priests of the high places.

34And this thing became sin unto the house of Jeroboam, even to cut it off, and to destroy it from off the face of the earth.

1Just then a prophet arrived from Judah with the Lord’s message for Bethel, as Jeroboam was standing near the altar ready to offer a sacrifice.

2He cried out against the altar with the Lord’s message, “O altar, altar! This is what the Lord has said, ‘Look, a son named Josiah will be born to the Davidic dynasty. He will sacrifice on you the priests of the high places who offer sacrifices on you. Human bones will be burned on you.’”

3That day he had also given a sign, saying, “This is the sign that the Lord has declared: The altar will split open and the ashes on it will pour out.”

4When the king heard the prophet’s message that he had cried out against the altar in Bethel, Jeroboam took his hand from the altar and pointed it saying, “Seize him!” Then the hand that he had pointed at him stiffened up, and he could not pull it back.

5Meanwhile the altar split open, and the ashes poured from the altar in fulfillment of the sign the prophet had given with the Lord’s message.

6The king responded to the prophet, “Seek the favor of the Lord your God and pray for me, so that my hand may be restored.” So the prophet sought the Lord’s favor and the king’s hand was restored as it was at first.

7The king then said to the prophet, “Come home with me and have something to eat, so that I may give you a gift.”

8But the prophet said to the king, “Even if you were to give me half your possessions, I would not go with you. I am not allowed to eat food or drink water in this place.

9For this is how I was commanded in the Lord’s message, ‘Eat no food. Drink no water. And do not return by the way you came.’”

10So he started back on another road; he did not travel back on the same road he had taken to Bethel.

11Now there was an old prophet living in Bethel. When his sons came home, they told him everything the prophet had done in Bethel that day. And they told their father all the words that he had spoken to the king.

12Their father asked them, “Which road did he take?” His sons showed him the road the prophet from Judah had taken.

13He then told his sons, “Saddle the donkey for me.” When they had saddled the donkey for him, he mounted it

14and took off after the prophet, whom he found sitting under an oak tree. He asked him, “Are you the prophet from Judah?” He answered, “Yes, I am.”

15He then said to him, “Come home with me and eat something.”

16But he replied, “I can’t go back with you. I am not allowed to eat food or to drink water with you in this place.

17For an order came to me in the Lord’s message, ‘Eat no food. Drink no water there. And do not return by the way you came.’”

18Then the old prophet said, “I too am a prophet like you. And an angel has told me in a message from the Lord, ‘Bring him back with you to your house so he can eat food and drink water.’” But he had lied to him.

19So the prophet went back with him. He ate food in his house and he drank water.

20While they were sitting at the table, the Lord’s message came to the old prophet who had brought him back.

21So he cried out to the prophet who had come from Judah, “This is what the Lord has said, ‘You have rebelled against the Lord’s instruction and have not obeyed the command the Lord your God gave you.

22You went back. You ate food. And you drank water in the place of which he had said to you, “Eat no food. Drink no water.” Therefore your corpse will not be buried in your ancestral tomb.’”

23So this is what happened after he had eaten food and drunk water. The old prophet saddled the donkey for the prophet whom he had brought back.

24So the prophet from Judah travelled on. Then a lion attacked him on the road and killed him.There was his body lying on the road, with the donkey standing next to it, and the lion just standing there by the body.

25Then some men came passing by and saw the body lying in the road with the lion standing next to the body. They went and reported what they had seen in the city where the old prophet lived.

26When the old prophet who had invited him to his house heard the news, he said, “It is the prophet who rebelled against the Lord. The Lord delivered him over to the lion and it tore him up and killed him, in keeping with the Lord’s message that he had spoken to him.”

27He told his sons, “Saddle my donkey.” So they saddled it.

28He went and found the body lying in the road with the donkey and the lion standing beside it; the lion had neither eaten the body nor attacked the donkey.

29The old prophet picked up the prophet’s body, put it on the donkey, and brought it back. The old prophet then entered the city to mourn him and to bury him.

30He put the body into his own tomb, and they mourned over him, saying, “Ah, my brother!”

31After he buried him, he said to his sons, “When I die, bury me in the tomb where the prophet is buried; put my bones right beside his bones,

32because the message that he announced as the Lord’s message against the altar in Bethel and against all the temples on the high places in the cities of the north will certainly be fulfilled.”

33After this happened, Jeroboam still did not change his evil ways; he continued to appoint common people as priests at the high places. Anyone who wanted the job he consecrated as a priest.

34This sin caused Jeroboam’s dynasty to come to an end and to be destroyed from the face of the earth.

1Behold, a man of God came out of Judah by Yahweh’s word to Beth El; and Jeroboam was standing by the altar to burn incense.

2He cried against the altar by Yahweh’s word, and said, “Altar! Altar! Yahweh says: ‘Behold, a son will be born to David’s house, Josiah by name. On you he will sacrifice the priests of the high places who burn incense on you, and they will burn men’s bones on you.’”

3He gave a sign the same day, saying, “This is the sign which Yahweh has spoken: Behold, the altar will be split apart, and the ashes that are on it will be poured out.”

4When the king heard the saying of the man of God, which he cried against the altar in Bethel, Jeroboam put out his hand from the altar, saying, “Seize him!” His hand, which he put out against him, dried up, so that he could not draw it back again to himself.

5The altar was also split apart, and the ashes poured out from the altar, according to the sign which the man of God had given by Yahweh’s word.

6The king answered the man of God, “Now intercede for the favor of Yahweh your God, and pray for me, that my hand may be restored me again.” The man of God interceded with Yahweh, and the king’s hand was restored to him again, and became as it was before.

7The king said to the man of God, “Come home with me, and refresh yourself, and I will give you a reward.”

8The man of God said to the king, “Even if you gave me half of your house, I would not go in with you, neither would I eat bread nor drink water in this place;

9for so was it commanded me by Yahweh’s word, saying, ‘You shall eat no bread, drink no water, and don’t return by the way that you came.’”

10So he went another way, and didn’t return by the way that he came to Bethel.

11Now an old prophet lived in Bethel, and one of his sons came and told him all the works that the man of God had done that day in Bethel. They also told their father the words which he had spoken to the king.

12Their father said to them, “Which way did he go?” Now his sons had seen which way the man of God went, who came from Judah.

13He said to his sons, “Saddle the donkey for me.” So they saddled the donkey for him; and he rode on it.

14He went after the man of God, and found him sitting under an oak. He said to him, “Are you the man of God who came from Judah?” He said, “I am.”

15Then he said to him, “Come home with me, and eat bread.”

16He said, “I may not return with you, nor go in with you. I will not eat bread or drink water with you in this place.

17For it was said to me by Yahweh’s word, ‘You shall eat no bread or drink water there, and don’t turn again to go by the way that you came.’”

18He said to him, “I also am a prophet as you are; and an angel spoke to me by Yahweh’s word, saying, ‘Bring him back with you into your house, that he may eat bread and drink water.’” He lied to him.

19So he went back with him, ate bread in his house, and drank water.

20As they sat at the table, Yahweh’s word came to the prophet who brought him back;

21and he cried out to the man of God who came from Judah, saying, “Yahweh says, ‘Because you have been disobedient to Yahweh’s mouth, and have not kept the commandment which Yahweh your God commanded you,

22but came back, and have eaten bread and drank water in the place of which he said to you, “Eat no bread, and drink no water”; your body will not come to the tomb of your fathers.’”

23After he had eaten bread, and after he drank, he saddled the donkey for the prophet whom he had brought back.

24When he had gone, a lion met him by the way and killed him. His body was thrown on the path, and the donkey stood by it. The lion also stood by the body.

25Behold, men passed by, and saw the body thrown on the path, and the lion standing by the body; and they came and told it in the city where the old prophet lived.

26When the prophet who brought him back from the way heard of it, he said, “It is the man of God who was disobedient to Yahweh’s mouth. Therefore Yahweh has delivered him to the lion, which has mauled him and slain him, according to Yahweh’s word, which he spoke to him.”

27He said to his sons, saying, “Saddle the donkey for me,” and they saddled it.

28He went and found his body thrown on the path, and the donkey and the lion standing by the body. The lion had not eaten the body, nor mauled the donkey.

29The prophet took up the body of the man of God, and laid it on the donkey, and brought it back. He came to the city of the old prophet to mourn, and to bury him.

30He laid his body in his own grave; and they mourned over him, saying, “Alas, my brother!”

31After he had buried him, he spoke to his sons, saying, “When I am dead, bury me in the tomb in which the man of God is buried. Lay my bones beside his bones.

32For the saying which he cried by Yahweh’s word against the altar in Bethel, and against all the houses of the high places which are in the cities of Samaria, will surely happen.”

33After this thing Jeroboam didn’t return from his evil way, but again made priests of the high places from among all the people. Whoever wanted to, he consecrated him, that there might be priests of the high places.

34This thing became sin to the house of Jeroboam, even to cut it off, and to destroy it from off the surface of the earth.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

A man of God travels from Judah to Bethel and confronts Jeroboam at his idolatrous altar, prophesying that a future king named Josiah will one day desecrate it, with the altar splitting apart as an immediate sign (vv. 1-3). When Jeroboam orders him seized, the king's hand withers instantly and is restored only through the prophet's prayer (vv. 4-6). Under strict orders from God, the man refuses the king's hospitality, but an old prophet in Bethel lies to him, claiming an angel countermanded God's instructions, and he accepts the invitation to eat (vv. 7-19). For that disobedience a lion kills him on the road home, though it leaves his body and donkey untouched (vv. 20-28). The old prophet buries him with honor, while Jeroboam presses on unchanged (vv. 29-34) — a warning that even partial disobedience brings serious consequence.

Authorship & Background

Author: Unknown, traditionally attributed to Jeremiah or a prophetic school. Originally one book with 2 Kings in the Hebrew Bible. Covers approximately 120 years (970-850 BC) — from David's death through Ahaziah's reign.
Historical Context: Chapter 13 is one of the most unusual and disturbing narratives in Scripture. An unnamed "man of God" from Judah delivers a stunning prophecy against Jeroboam's altar at Bethel — naming King Josiah by name approximately 300 years before his birth (fulfilled in 2 Kings 23:15-16). The prophecy is confirmed by immediate signs: the altar splits and Jeroboam's hand withers. Yet this same faithful prophet then disobeys God's direct command (not to eat or drink in Bethel) when deceived by an old prophet who lies to him. He is killed by a lion on his way home. The chapter raises difficult questions: Why is the man of God punished so severely for a seemingly minor infraction? Why does the lying prophet go unpunished? The answer lies in the chapter's theme: God's word must be obeyed exactly as given, regardless of circumstances or seemingly authoritative contradictions. The man of God had a direct command from God. No subsequent "revelation" — even from another prophet — can override God's clear word. The chapter also serves as a warning to Jeroboam (v.33-34): if God judges His own prophet for disobedience, how much more will He judge a king who refuses to repent?
Classification: Historical Narrative
Key Themes: A king named three hundred years before his birth as the prophecy against Bethel's altar, a hand withered and restored in the same scene as the sign that confirms the word, an old prophet's lie stated plainly by the narrator before the man of God ever believes it, a lion that kills without eating the body or harming the donkey, proof the death is judgment rather than accident, and a king who witnesses every sign and still returns not from his evil way
The Prophecy Against Bethel's Altar (vv.1-10): The man of God arrives at Bethel while Jeroboam is offering incense — catching the king in the act of his counterfeit worship. The prophecy is remarkably specific: a future king named Josiah will desecrate this altar by burning the bones of its false priests upon it. This is fulfilled exactly in 2 Kings 23:15-16, approximately 300 years later. The immediate sign confirms the prophecy: the altar splits and ashes pour out. When Jeroboam stretches out his hand to order the prophet's arrest, his hand "dried up" — paralyzed, withered. Only the prophet's intercession restores it. Jeroboam offers hospitality and reward; the prophet refuses — he has been commanded not to eat, drink, or return by the same route. He obeys perfectly at this point.
The Old Prophet's Deception (vv.11-19): An old prophet living in Bethel hears what happened and pursues the man of God. He invites him to eat; the man of God refuses, citing God's command. Then the old prophet lies: "I am a prophet also as thou art; and an angel spake unto me by the word of the LORD, saying, Bring him back" (v.18). The author states plainly: "But he lied unto him" (v.18). The man of God believes the lie and returns to eat and drink. Why? Perhaps fatigue, hunger, or the desire for fellowship with a fellow prophet. Perhaps he reasoned that a newer revelation superseded the original command. Whatever the reason, he substituted another man's word for God's direct command to him.
Judgment and Death (vv.20-32): Ironically, the lying prophet now receives genuine revelation: God pronounces judgment on the man of God for disobedience. A lion kills him on the road — but does not eat the body or harm the donkey. This supernatural restraint proves the death is divine judgment, not random animal attack. The old prophet retrieves the body, buries it in his own tomb, and instructs his sons to bury him alongside — because "the saying which he cried... shall surely come to pass" (v.32). Even the deceiver recognizes the truth of the prophecy.
Jeroboam's Continued Sin (vv.33-34): Despite witnessing all this — the prophecy, the signs, his own withered hand — "Jeroboam returned not from his evil way" (v.33). He continues appointing illegitimate priests. "This thing became sin unto the house of Jeroboam, even to cut it off, and to destroy it from off the face of the earth" (v.34). The chapter's ultimate message: if God judges His own prophet for partial disobedience, what awaits a king who refuses to repent at all?

Map & Geography

  • Jerusalem is central — site of Solomon's Temple and royal palace; capital of the united kingdom, then of Judah (southern kingdom) after the division.
  • The kingdom divides after Solomon: Israel (north, capital eventually at Samaria) and Judah (south, capital Jerusalem).
  • Key locations: Gibeon (Solomon's dream, ch.3), Tyre (Hiram's city in Phoenicia, chs.5-7), Mount Carmel (Elijah vs. Baal prophets, ch.18), Zarephath (Sidonian widow, ch.17), Mount Horeb/Sinai (Elijah flees, ch.19), Ramoth-gilead (Ahab's death, ch.22).

Places on this map

  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
  • SamariaSebastia, West BankOmri bought a bare hill and built a capital on it, which gave the northern kingdom a fortress with no prior claim on it, the same calculation David made with Jerusalem. It commands the pass west toward the coastal plain. The name later spread to the whole region between Galilee and Judea. Wikipedia
  • TyreSour, LebanonOriginally an island fortress a half mile off the Phoenician coast, which is why it held out against Assyria and Babylon and only fell when Alexander built a causeway to it. That causeway silted up, and Tyre has been a peninsula ever since. Wikipedia
  • Phoeniciacoastal LebanonA narrow strip of coast backed hard against the Lebanon range, with too little farmland to feed itself and excellent harbours. That combination made its cities trade by sea, plant colonies as far as Spain, and supply Israel with timber, craftsmen and Jezebel. Wikipedia
  • Mount CarmelHaifa, IsraelA wooded limestone ridge that runs 15 miles from the coast inland, reaching about 1,700 feet and forcing the main north-south road through the passes at Megiddo. Rain clouds break on it first, which is why Elijah's contest over rain was staged here. Wikipedia
  • Mount SinaiJebel Musa, Sinai Peninsula, EgyptTraditionally Jebel Musa in the granite mountains of the southern Sinai peninsula, about 7,500 feet high. The identification dates from Christian monastic tradition rather than from the text, and other candidates have been proposed, but this has been the pilgrimage site since the fourth century. Wikipedia
  • Gileadnorthern JordanThe wooded highlands east of the Jordan between the Yarmuk and the Arnon, good grazing country and a source of the resin traded as balm. Being across the river left its tribes perpetually worried about being written out of Israel. Wikipedia
  • Gibeonel-Jib, West BankSix miles north-west of Jerusalem on the plateau, with an enormous rock-cut water system. Its people tricked Joshua into a treaty, and the tabernacle stood here in Solomon's early reign. Wikipedia
  • ZarephathSarafand, LebanonA Phoenician coastal village between Tyre and Sidon, outside Israel and inside Jezebel's home territory, where Elijah was fed through the drought by a widow. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik emphasizes that the man of God's failure was believing another person's claim of revelation over God's direct word to him. This is a warning for all believers: no teacher, no prophet, no pastor — however credible — can override what God has clearly said in Scripture. Guzik also notes the severity of judgment on the prophet versus Jeroboam's apparent escape: God judges His own household first (1 Peter 4:17).
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

1 Kings 13 Summary: 5 Minute Bible Study
2BeLikeChrist

1 Kings 12-14 | An Upside-Down Exodus | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

The Man of God and the False Prophet - 1 Kings 13:18-19
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of 1 Kings -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • A Prophecy That Waits 300 Years (v.2) — The man of God names a future king by name centuries before that king is born, and history records the exact fulfillment. When a promise from God feels impossibly far off in your own life, does this kind of long-range faithfulness give you patience to keep trusting His timing?
  • Guarding a Direct Command From God (v.9) — God gives the man of God a specific, unusual instruction, and he holds to it firmly even when the king himself offers hospitality and reward. What clear instruction has God already given you that you're tempted to bend once someone offers you a good enough reason?
  • Testing a Claim Against What God Already Said (v.18) — The old prophet invents a story about angelic revelation to talk the man of God out of the very command God had given him directly, and the man of God believes it. When someone's words contradict what you already know God has said, whose voice do you tend to trust more?
  • A Steep Consequence for a Trusted Servant (v.24) — The man of God is killed on the road after abandoning the one instruction he'd been given, a judgment that lands more heavily on him than on Jeroboam's ongoing idolatry. Does it unsettle you, or humble you, that those closest to God's word are held to the highest accountability for how they handle it?
  • Witnessing a Miracle Without Being Changed by It (v.33) — Despite seeing the altar split and his own hand wither and heal, Jeroboam goes right on appointing illegitimate priests as if nothing happened. Have you ever seen God move in an unmistakable way and still found yourself drifting back to the same old pattern soon after?