Mark — Chapter 13

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1As Jesus was leaving the temple, one of His disciples said to Him, “Teacher, look at the magnificent stones and buildings!”

2“Do you see all these great buildings?” Jesus replied. “Not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down.”

3While Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives opposite the temple, Peter, James, John, and Andrew asked Him privately,

4“Tell us, when will these things happen? And what will be the sign that they are about to be fulfilled?”

5Jesus began by telling them, “See to it that no one deceives you.

6Many will come in My name, claiming, ‘I am He,’ and will deceive many.

7When you hear of wars and rumors of wars, do not be alarmed. These things must happen, but the end is still to come.

8Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, as well as famines. These are the beginning of birth pains.

9So be on your guard. You will be delivered over to the councils and beaten in the synagogues. On My account you will stand before governors and kings as witnesses to them.

10And the gospel must first be proclaimed to all the nations.

11But when they arrest you and hand you over, do not worry beforehand what to say. Instead, speak whatever you are given at that time, for it will not be you speaking, but the Holy Spirit.

12Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rise against their parents and have them put to death.

13You will be hated by everyone because of My name, but the one who perseveres to the end will be saved.

14So when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.

15Let no one on the housetop go back inside to retrieve anything from his house.

16And let no one in the field return for his cloak.

17How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers!

18Pray that this will not occur in the winter.

19For those will be days of tribulation unseen from the beginning of God’s creation until now, and never to be seen again.

20If the Lord had not cut short those days, nobody would be saved. But for the sake of the elect, whom He has chosen, He has cut them short.

21At that time if anyone says to you, ‘Look, here is the Christ!’ or ‘There He is!’ do not believe it.

22For false Christs and false prophets will appear and perform signs and wonders to deceive even the elect, if that were possible.

23So be on your guard; I have told you everything in advance.

24But in those days, after that tribulation: ‘The sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light;

25the stars will fall from the sky, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken.’

26At that time they will see the Son of Man coming in the clouds with great power and glory.

27And He will send out the angels to gather His elect from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of heaven.

28Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its branches become tender and sprout leaves, you know that summer is near.

29So also, when you see these things happening, know that He is near, right at the door.

30Truly I tell you, this generation will not pass away until all these things have happened.

31Heaven and earth will pass away, but My words will never pass away.

32No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.

33Be on your guard and stay alert! For you do not know when the appointed time will come.

34It is like a man going on a journey who left his house, put each servant in charge of his own task, and instructed the doorkeeper to keep watch.

35Therefore keep watch, because you do not know when the master of the house will return—whether in the evening, at midnight, when the rooster crows, or in the morning.

36Otherwise, he may arrive without notice and find you sleeping.

37And what I say to you, I say to everyone: Keep watch!”

1And as he went out of the temple, one of his disciples saith unto him, Master, see what manner of stones and what buildings are here!

2And Jesus answering said unto him, Seest thou these great buildings? there shall not be left one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.

3And as he sat upon the mount of Olives over against the temple, Peter and James and John and Andrew asked him privately,

4Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the sign when all these things shall be fulfilled?

5And Jesus answering them began to say, Take heed lest any man deceive you:

6For many shall come in my name, saying, I am Christ; and shall deceive many.

7And when ye shall hear of wars and rumours of wars, be ye not troubled: for such things must needs be; but the end shall not be yet.

8For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be earthquakes in divers places, and there shall be famines and troubles: these are the beginnings of sorrows.

9But take heed to yourselves: for they shall deliver you up to councils; and in the synagogues ye shall be beaten: and ye shall be brought before rulers and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them.

10And the gospel must first be published among all nations.

11But when they shall lead you, and deliver you up, take no thought beforehand what ye shall speak, neither do ye premeditate: but whatsoever shall be given you in that hour, that speak ye: for it is not ye that speak, but the Holy Ghost.

12Now the brother shall betray the brother to death, and the father the son; and children shall rise up against their parents, and shall cause them to be put to death.

13And ye shall be hated of all men for my name’s sake: but he that shall endure unto the end, the same shall be saved.

14But when ye shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing where it ought not, (let him that readeth understand,) then let them that be in Judaea flee to the mountains:

15And let him that is on the housetop not go down into the house, neither enter therein, to take any thing out of his house:

16And let him that is in the field not turn back again for to take up his garment.

17But woe to them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days!

18And pray ye that your flight be not in the winter.

19For in those days shall be affliction, such as was not from the beginning of the creation which God created unto this time, neither shall be.

20And except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved: but for the elect’s sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days.

21And then if any man shall say to you, Lo, here is Christ; or, lo, he is there; believe him not:

22For false Christs and false prophets shall rise, and shall shew signs and wonders, to seduce, if it were possible, even the elect.

23But take ye heed: behold, I have foretold you all things.

24But in those days, after that tribulation, the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light,

25And the stars of heaven shall fall, and the powers that are in heaven shall be shaken.

26And then shall they see the Son of man coming in the clouds with great power and glory.

27And then shall he send his angels, and shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from the uttermost part of the earth to the uttermost part of heaven.

28Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When her branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is near:

29So ye in like manner, when ye shall see these things come to pass, know that it is nigh, even at the doors.

30Verily I say unto you, that this generation shall not pass, till all these things be done.

31Heaven and earth shall pass away: but my words shall not pass away.

32But of that day and that hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels which are in heaven, neither the Son, but the Father.

33Take ye heed, watch and pray: for ye know not when the time is.

34For the Son of man is as a man taking a far journey, who left his house, and gave authority to his servants, and to every man his work, and commanded the porter to watch.

35Watch ye therefore: for ye know not when the master of the house cometh, at even, or at midnight, or at the cockcrowing, or in the morning:

36Lest coming suddenly he find you sleeping.

37And what I say unto you I say unto all, Watch.

1And as he went forth out of the temple, one of his disciples saith unto him, Teacher, behold, what manner of stones and what manner of buildings!

2And Jesus said unto him, Seest thou these great buildings? there shall not be left here one stone upon another, which shall not be thrown down.

3And as he sat on the mount of Olives over against the temple, Peter and James and John and Andrew asked him privately,

4Tell us, when shall these things be? and what [shall be] the sign when these things are all about to be accomplished?

5And Jesus began to say unto them, Take heed that no man lead you astray.

6Many shall come in my name, saying, I am [he]; and shall lead many astray.

7And when ye shall hear of wars and rumors of wars, be not troubled: [these things] must needs come to pass; but the end is not yet.

8For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom; there shall be earthquakes in divers places; there shall be famines: these things are the beginning of travail.

9But take ye heed to yourselves: for they shall deliver you up to councils; and in synagogues shall ye be beaten; and before governors and kings shall ye stand for my sake, for a testimony unto them.

10And the gospel must first be preached unto all the nations.

11And when they lead you [to judgment], and deliver you up, be not anxious beforehand what ye shall speak: but whatsoever shall be given you in that hour, that speak ye; for it is not ye that speak, but the Holy Spirit.

12And brother shall deliver up brother to death, and the father his child; and children shall rise up against parents, and cause them to be put to death.

13And ye shall be hated of all men for my name`s sake: but he that endureth to the end, the same shall be saved.

14But when ye see the abomination of desolation standing where he ought not (let him that readeth understand), then let them that are in Judaea flee unto the mountains:

15and let him that is on the housetop not go down, nor enter in, to take anything out his house:

16and let him that is in the field not return back to take his cloak.

17But woe unto them that are with child and to them that give suck in those days!

18And pray ye that it be not in the winter.

19For those days shall be tribulation, such as there hath not been the like from the beginning of the creation which God created until now, and never shall be.

20And except the Lord had shortened the days, no flesh would have been saved; but for the elect`s sake, whom he chose, he shortened the days.

21And then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, here is the Christ; or, Lo, there; believe [it] not:

22for there shall arise false Christs and false prophets, and shall show signs and wonders, that they may lead astray, if possible, the elect.

23But take ye heed: behold, I have told you all things beforehand.

24But in those days, after that tribulation, the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light,

25and the stars shall be falling from heaven, and the powers that are in the heavens shall be shaken.

26And then shall they see the Son of man coming in clouds with great power and glory.

27And then shall he send forth the angels, and shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from the uttermost part of the earth to the uttermost part of heaven.

28Now from the fig tree learn her parable: when her branch is now become tender, and putteth forth its leaves, ye know that the summer is nigh;

29even so ye also, when ye see these things coming to pass, know ye that he is nigh, [even] at the doors.

30Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass away, until all these things be accomplished.

31Heaven and earth shall pass away: but my words shall not pass away.

32But of that day or that hour knoweth no one, not even the angels in heaven, neither the Son, but the Father.

33Take ye heed, watch and pray: for ye know not when the time is.

34[It is] as [when] a man, sojourning in another country, having left his house, and given authority to his servants, to each one his work, commanded also the porter to watch.

35Watch therefore: for ye know not when the lord of the house cometh, whether at even, or at midnight, or at cockcrowing, or in the morning;

36lest coming suddenly he find you sleeping.

37And what I say unto you I say unto all, Watch.

1Now as Jesus was going out of the temple courts, one of his disciples said to him, “Teacher, look at these tremendous stones and buildings!”

2Jesus said to him, “Do you see these great buildings? Not one stone will be left on another. All will be torn down!”

3So while he was sitting on the Mount of Olives opposite the temple, Peter, James, John, and Andrew asked him privately,

4“Tell us, when will these things happen? And what will be the sign that all these things are about to take place?”

5Jesus began to say to them, “Watch out that no one misleads you.

6Many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am he,’ and they will mislead many.

7When you hear of wars and rumors of wars, do not be alarmed. These things must happen, but the end is still to come.

8For nation will rise up in arms against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and there will be famines. These are but the beginning of birth pains.

9“You must watch out for yourselves. You will be handed over to councils and beaten in the synagogues. You will stand before governors and kings because of me, as a witness to them.

10First the gospel must be preached to all nations.

11When they arrest you and hand you over for trial, do not worry about what to speak. But say whatever is given you at that time, for it is not you speaking, but the Holy Spirit.

12Brother will hand over brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rise against parents and have them put to death.

13You will be hated by everyone because of my name. But the one who endures to the end will be saved.

14“But when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be” (let the reader understand), “then those in Judea must flee to the mountains.

15The one on the roof must not come down or go inside to take anything out of his house.

16The one in the field must not turn back to get his cloak.

17Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing their babies in those days!

18Pray that it may not be in winter.

19For in those days there will be suffering unlike anything that has happened from the beginning of the creation that God created until now, or ever will happen.

20And if the Lord had not cut short those days, no one would be saved. But because of the elect, whom he chose, he has cut them short.

21Then if anyone says to you, ‘Look, here is the Christ!’ or ‘Look, there he is!’ do not believe him.

22For false messiahs and false prophets will appear and perform signs and wonders to deceive, if possible, the elect.

23Be careful! I have told you everything ahead of time.

24“But in those days, after that suffering, the sun will be darkened and the moon will not give its light;

25the stars will be falling from heaven, and the powers in the heavens will be shaken.

26Then everyone will see the Son of Man arriving in the clouds with great power and glory.

27Then he will send angels and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of heaven.

28“Learn this parable from the fig tree: Whenever its branch becomes tender and puts out its leaves, you know that summer is near.

29So also you, when you see these things happening, know that he is near, right at the door.

30I tell you the truth, this generation will not pass away until all these things take place.

31Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.

32“But as for that day or hour no one knows it—neither the angels in heaven, nor the Son—except the Father.

33Watch out! Stay alert! For you do not know when the time will come.

34It is like a man going on a journey. He left his house and put his slaves in charge, assigning to each his work, and commanded the doorkeeper to stay alert.

35Stay alert, then, because you do not know when the owner of the house will return—whether during evening, at midnight, when the rooster crows, or at dawn—

36or else he might find you asleep when he returns suddenly.

37What I say to you I say to everyone: Stay alert!”

1As he went out of the temple, one of his disciples said to him, “Teacher, see what kind of stones and what kind of buildings!”

2Jesus said to him, “Do you see these great buildings? There will not be left here one stone on another, which will not be thrown down.”

3As he sat on the Mount of Olives opposite the temple, Peter, James, John, and Andrew asked him privately,

4“Tell us, when will these things be? What is the sign that these things are all about to be fulfilled?”

5Jesus, answering, began to tell them, “Be careful that no one leads you astray.

6For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am he!’ and will lead many astray.

7“When you hear of wars and rumors of wars, don’t be troubled. For those must happen, but the end is not yet.

8For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places. There will be famines and troubles. These things are the beginning of birth pains.

9But watch yourselves, for they will deliver you up to councils. You will be beaten in synagogues. You will stand before rulers and kings for my sake, for a testimony to them.

10The Good News must first be preached to all the nations.

11When they lead you away and deliver you up, don’t be anxious beforehand, or premeditate what you will say, but say whatever will be given you in that hour. For it is not you who speak, but the Holy Spirit.

12“Brother will deliver up brother to death, and the father his child. Children will rise up against parents, and cause them to be put to death.

13You will be hated by all men for my name’s sake, but he who endures to the end, the same will be saved.

14But when you see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing where it ought not (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains,

15and let him who is on the housetop not go down, nor enter in, to take anything out of his house.

16Let him who is in the field not return back to take his cloak.

17But woe to those who are with child and to those who nurse babies in those days!

18Pray that your flight won’t be in the winter.

19For in those days there will be oppression, such as there has not been the like from the beginning of the creation which God created until now, and never will be.

20Unless the Lord had shortened the days, no flesh would have been saved; but for the sake of the chosen ones, whom he picked out, he shortened the days.

21Then if anyone tells you, ‘Look, here is the Christ!’ or, ‘Look, there!’ don’t believe it.

22For there will arise false christs and false prophets, and will show signs and wonders, that they may lead astray, if possible, even the chosen ones.

23But you watch. “Behold, I have told you all things beforehand.

24But in those days, after that oppression, the sun will be darkened, the moon will not give its light,

25the stars will be falling from the sky, and the powers that are in the heavens will be shaken.

26Then they will see the Son of Man coming in clouds with great power and glory.

27Then he will send out his angels, and will gather together his chosen ones from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of the sky.

28“Now from the fig tree, learn this parable. When the branch has now become tender, and produces its leaves, you know that the summer is near;

29even so you also, when you see these things coming to pass, know that it is near, at the doors.

30Most certainly I say to you, this generation will not pass away until all these things happen.

31Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will not pass away.

32But of that day or that hour no one knows, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.

33Watch, keep alert, and pray; for you don’t know when the time is.

34“It is like a man, traveling to another country, having left his house, and given authority to his servants, and to each one his work, and also commanded the doorkeeper to keep watch.

35Watch therefore, for you don’t know when the lord of the house is coming, whether at evening, or at midnight, or when the rooster crows, or in the morning;

36lest coming suddenly he might find you sleeping.

37What I tell you, I tell all: Watch.”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

As they leave the temple, Jesus predicts its complete destruction, prompting His disciples to ask for signs of when this and His return will happen (vv. 1-4). He warns of false messiahs, wars, and persecution as birth pains preceding the end, and tells His followers they will be brought before authorities to testify (vv. 5-13). He describes a coming abomination of desolation and unprecedented tribulation that will require immediate flight (vv. 14-23), followed by cosmic signs and the visible return of the Son of Man in power and glory to gather His elect (vv. 24-27). Using the fig tree as an illustration, He teaches that these signs mean His coming is near, though the exact day and hour are known to no one but the Father (vv. 28-32). The chapter closes with a call to stay alert and watchful, since no one knows when the master of the house will return (vv. 33-37).

Authorship & Background

Author: John Mark (see Chapter 1 notes for full authorship details).
Historical Context: Chapter 13 is Mark's Olivet Discourse — Jesus' prophetic teaching about the destruction of Jerusalem and His second coming. Mark's version is the most concise of the three synoptic accounts (Matthew 24-25, Luke 21). It was given privately to Peter, James, John, and Andrew (v.3).
Classification: Gospel — Prophetic Discourse
Key Themes: A question prompted by admiration of the temple, deception named as the first danger, tribulation described as birth pangs rather than the end, the Son of Man coming in clouds, a day the Son himself does not know, and watchfulness as the whole practical application
Not One Stone Upon Another (vv.1-2): The discourse begins with a disciple admiring the masonry, and Herod's temple genuinely was worth admiring — some of its stones weigh over forty tons. The reply concedes nothing to the architecture: not one stone shall be left upon another. Jerusalem fell in AD 70, within the lifetime of many who heard it, and the temple has never been rebuilt.
The Question on the Mount of Olives (vv.3-4): Mark alone names the four who ask — Peter, James, John and Andrew — and notes that it was private. Their question has two halves, when shall these things be and what shall be the sign, and the answer that follows addresses both without separating them cleanly. Much of the difficulty in reading this chapter comes from that, and the difficulty is in the text rather than in the interpreters.
Take Heed: Deceivers, Wars, and Birth Pangs (vv.5-13): The first instruction is not about signs but about being misled: take heed that no man deceive you. Wars, earthquakes and famines are explicitly labelled as not the end — they are “the beginnings of sorrows”, a word for birth pangs, which implies something arriving rather than something collapsing. The warning turns personal in vv.9-13: councils, floggings, betrayal by family, and the promise that the Spirit will supply what to say.
The Abomination and the Flight (vv.14-23): “When ye shall see the abomination of desolation” carries a parenthesis addressed to the reader rather than the hearer — let him that readeth understand — one of the few places a Gospel breaks frame. The instructions are practical and urgent: do not go back for anything, pray it is not winter, and the specific compassion of v.17 for pregnant and nursing women. False christs will show signs, and the safeguard offered is that they have been told beforehand.
The Son of Man Coming in Clouds (vv.24-27): Sun darkened, moon without light, stars falling, powers shaken. The language is drawn from Isaiah and Joel, where it regularly accompanies the fall of nations, which is part of why readers differ over whether this describes AD 70, the end, or both. The Son of Man coming in clouds with great power is from Daniel 7, and the angels gather the elect from the four winds.
The Fig Tree and This Generation (vv.28-31): The fig tree's leaves indicate nearness, not a date, which is the point of the illustration. “This generation shall not pass” is the hardest sentence in the chapter, and how it reads depends on whether “all these things” means the fall of Jerusalem or the whole sequence. Verse 31 sets the reliability of the words above the permanence of heaven and earth.
No Man Knows the Day: Watch (vv.32-37): Mark 13:32 is unique in going as far as it does — not the angels, “neither the Son, but the Father”. It is among the strongest statements of genuine humanity in the Gospels, describing knowledge voluntarily not held in the incarnate state. What follows is the doorkeeper parable of vv.34-37, also found only in Mark: the master leaves, assigns work, and tells the doorkeeper to watch. “Watch” is the chapter's own word, at vv.5, 9, 33 and 37, and v.37 widens it past the four who asked — what I say unto you I say unto all.

Map & Geography

  • The Mount of Olives (v.3): Jesus sat on the Mount of Olives, directly facing the Temple across the Kidron Valley, when He delivered the Olivet Discourse.
  • The Temple (v.1-2): Jesus prophesied the destruction of Jerusalem's Temple (fulfilled by Rome in AD 70). The massive stones Herod used were some of the largest in the ancient world.
  • "All nations" (v.10): The Gospel's worldwide geographic scope before the end.

Places on this map

  • Mount of OlivesJerusalemA limestone ridge just east of Jerusalem, separated from the city by the Kidron Valley and about 250 feet higher, so it looks straight down into the temple courts. The road to Jericho and Bethany crosses it, which is why Jesus is so often on it. Wikipedia
  • Kidron ValleyJerusalemThe dry ravine between Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives, dropping steeply below the temple's eastern wall. It ran with the runoff of sacrifice and became the city's dumping ground for idols, and it is the valley David crossed fleeing Absalom and Jesus crossed to Gethsemane. Wikipedia
  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
  • RomeRome, ItalyFifteen miles up the Tiber from its port at Ostia, about 1,400 miles from Jerusalem by sea and road. Reaching it is the destination Acts is aimed at from chapter one, because from Rome the roads ran everywhere else. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik examines the signs, the abomination of desolation, the second coming, and the repeated call to watch.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Mark 13:1-37 | The "End of the World" | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Endure To The End — Mark 13:1-13
David Guzik

𝙏𝙃𝙀 Sign — Mark 13:14-23
David Guzik

Watch and Pray — Mark 13:24-27
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Mark -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • What Looks Permanent Isn't (vv.1-2) — The disciples marveled at the massive stones of the temple, and Jesus told them it would all be torn down. What impressive, seemingly solid things in your life are you placing too much confidence in?
  • The First Warning Is About Deception (v.5) — Before describing wars or signs, Jesus' first instruction was to watch out for being led astray. What standard are you using to test what you hear so you aren't deceived?
  • Saved by Endurance, Not a Single Decision (v.13) — Jesus said the one who endures to the end is the one who is saved, describing faithfulness as a lifetime posture rather than a single moment. Are you enduring in your faith, or has your walk with God quietly drifted?
  • The One Truly Permanent Thing (v.31) — Jesus said heaven and earth will pass away, but His words never will. How much of your time and energy is invested in things that are temporary rather than in what actually lasts?
  • Even the Son Didn't Know the Timing (v.32) — Jesus said that not even He, in His incarnate state, knew the day or hour of His return. If Jesus didn't claim to know, how should that shape your response to anyone who claims they do?
  • Called to Watch, Not to Predict (vv.34-37) — Jesus ended with a parable about a doorkeeper whose only job was to stay alert until the master returned. What would change in how you live today if you actually expected Christ could return at any moment?