Song of Solomon — Chapter 5

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1I have come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, and drink; drink freely, O beloved.

2I sleep, but my heart is awake. A sound! My beloved is knocking: “Open to me, my sister, my darling, my dove, my flawless one. My head is drenched with dew, my hair with the dampness of the night.”

3I have taken off my robe—must I put it back on? I have washed my feet—must I soil them again?

4My beloved put his hand to the latch; my heart pounded for him.

5I rose up to open for my beloved. My hands dripped with myrrh, my fingers with flowing myrrh on the handles of the bolt.

6I opened for my beloved, but he had turned and gone. My heart sank at his departure. I sought him but did not find him. I called, but he did not answer.

7I encountered the watchmen on their rounds of the city. They beat me and bruised me; they took away my cloak, those guardians of the walls.

8O daughters of Jerusalem, I adjure you, if you find my beloved, tell him I am sick with love.

9How is your beloved better than others, O most beautiful among women? How is your beloved better than another, that you charge us so?

10My beloved is dazzling and ruddy, outstanding among ten thousand.

11His head is purest gold; his hair is wavy and black as a raven.

12His eyes are like doves beside the streams of water, bathed in milk and mounted like jewels.

13His cheeks are like beds of spice, towers of perfume. His lips are like lilies, dripping with flowing myrrh.

14His arms are rods of gold set with beryl. His body is polished ivory bedecked with sapphires.

15His legs are pillars of marble set on bases of pure gold. His appearance is like Lebanon, as majestic as the cedars.

16His mouth is most sweet; he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.

1I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.

2I sleep, but my heart waketh: it is the voice of my beloved that knocketh, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night.

3I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?

4My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him.

5I rose up to open to my beloved; and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh, upon the handles of the lock.

6I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.

7The watchmen that went about the city found me, they smote me, they wounded me; the keepers of the walls took away my veil from me.

8I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, that ye tell him, that I am sick of love.

9What is thy beloved more than another beloved, O thou fairest among women? what is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so charge us?

10My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.

11His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushy, and black as a raven.

12His eyes are as the eyes of doves by the rivers of waters, washed with milk, and fitly set.

13His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as sweet flowers: his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.

14His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.

15His legs are as pillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.

16His mouth is most sweet: yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.

1I am come into my garden, my sister, [my] bride: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends; Drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.

2I was asleep, but my heart waked: It is the voice of my beloved that knocketh, [saying], Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled; For my head is filled with dew, My locks with the drops of the night.

3I have put off my garment; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?

4My beloved put in his hand by the hole [of the door], And my heart was moved for him.

5I rose up to open to my beloved; And my hands droppeth with myrrh, And my fingers with liquid myrrh, Upon the handles of the bolt.

6I opened to my beloved; But my beloved had withdrawn himself, [and] was gone. My soul had failed me when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.

7The watchmen that go about the city found me, They smote me, they wounded me; The keepers of the walls took away my mantle from me.

8I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem, If ye find my beloved, That ye tell him, that I am sick from love.

9What is thy beloved more than [another] beloved, O thou fairest among women? What is thy beloved more than [another] beloved, That thou dost so adjure us?

10My beloved is white and ruddy, The chiefest among ten thousand.

11His head is [as] the most fine gold; His locks are bushy, [and] black as a raven.

12His eyes are like doves beside the water-brooks, Washed with milk, [and] fitly set.

13His cheeks are as a bed of spices, [As] banks of sweet herbs: His lips are [as] lilies, dropping liquid myrrh.

14His hands are [as] rings of gold set with beryl: His body is [as] ivory work overlaid [with] sapphires.

15His legs are [as] pillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold: His aspect is like Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.

16His mouth is most sweet; Yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.

1The Lover to His Beloved: I have entered my garden, O my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my balsam spice. I have eaten my honeycomb and my honey; I have drunk my wine and my milk!The Poet to the Couple: Eat, friends, and drink! Drink freely, O lovers!

2The Beloved about Her Lover: I was asleep, but my mind was dreaming. Listen! My lover is knocking at the door! The Lover to His Beloved: “Open for me, my sister, my darling, my dove, my flawless one! My head is drenched with dew, my hair with the dampness of the night.”

3The Beloved to Her Lover: “I have already taken off my robe—must I put it on again? I have already washed my feet—must I soil them again?”

4My lover thrust his hand through the hole, and my feelings were stirred for him.

5I arose to open for my beloved; my hands dripped with myrrh— my fingers flowed with myrrh on the handles of the lock.

6I opened for my beloved, but my lover had already turned and gone away. I fell into despair when he departed. I looked for him but did not find him; I called him, but he did not answer me.

7The watchmen found me as they made their rounds in the city. They beat me; they bruised me; they took away my cloak, those watchmen on the walls!

8The Beloved to the Maidens: I admonish you, O maidens of Jerusalem— If you find my beloved, what will you tell him? Tell him that I am lovesick!

9The Maidens to The Beloved: Why is your beloved better than others, O most beautiful of women? Why is your beloved better than others, that you would admonish us in this manner?

10The Beloved to the Maidens: My beloved is dazzling and ruddy; he stands out in comparison to all other men.

11His head is like the purest gold. His hair is curly—black like a raven.

12His eyes are like doves by streams of water, washed in milk, mounted like jewels.

13His cheeks are like garden beds full of balsam trees yielding perfume. His lips are like lilies dripping with drops of myrrh.

14His arms are like rods of gold set with chrysolite. His abdomen is like polished ivory inlaid with sapphires.

15His legs are like pillars of marble set on bases of pure gold. His appearance is like Lebanon, choice as its cedars.

16His mouth is very sweet; he is totally desirable. This is my beloved! This is my companion, O maidens of Jerusalem!

1I have come into my garden, my sister, my bride. I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Friends Eat, friends! Drink, yes, drink abundantly, beloved.

2I was asleep, but my heart was awake. It is the voice of my beloved who knocks: “Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled; for my head is filled with dew, and my hair with the dampness of the night.”

3I have taken off my robe. Indeed, must I put it on? I have washed my feet. Indeed, must I soil them?

4My beloved thrust his hand in through the latch opening. My heart pounded for him.

5I rose up to open for my beloved. My hands dripped with myrrh, my fingers with liquid myrrh, on the handles of the lock.

6I opened to my beloved; but my beloved left; and had gone away. My heart went out when he spoke. I looked for him, but I didn’t find him. I called him, but he didn’t answer.

7The watchmen who go about the city found me. They beat me. They bruised me. The keepers of the walls took my cloak away from me.

8I adjure you, daughters of Jerusalem, If you find my beloved, that you tell him that I am faint with love.

9How is your beloved better than another beloved, you fairest among women? How is your beloved better than another beloved, that you do so adjure us?

10My beloved is white and ruddy. The best among ten thousand.

11His head is like the purest gold. His hair is bushy, black as a raven.

12His eyes are like doves beside the water brooks, washed with milk, mounted like jewels.

13His cheeks are like a bed of spices with towers of perfumes. His lips are like lilies, dropping liquid myrrh.

14His hands are like rings of gold set with beryl. His body is like ivory work overlaid with sapphires.

15His legs are like pillars of marble set on sockets of fine gold. His appearance is like Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.

16His mouth is sweetness; yes, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, daughters of Jerusalem.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

The Bridegroom responds that he has come into his garden and enjoyed its fruit, and he invites friends to eat and drink freely with the couple (v. 1). At night the Bride hears her Beloved knocking, but she hesitates to rise and open the door, and by the time she does he has already left (vv. 2-6). Searching for him through the city, she is struck and stripped of her veil by the watchmen, and she pleads with the Daughters of Jerusalem to tell him, if they find him, that she is faint with love (vv. 7-8). When they ask what makes her beloved better than any other, she answers with an admiring description of him from head to toe — radiant, outstanding among ten thousand, with hair black as a raven, eyes like doves, and a form like polished ivory — concluding that he is altogether lovely (vv. 9-16).

Authorship & Background

Author: Solomon (1:1). Also called 'Canticles' or 'Song of Songs' (the greatest song). A love poem celebrating marital love — the only extended treatment of romantic/sexual love in Scripture. Interpreted on multiple levels: (1) literal — celebrating human love within marriage; (2) allegorical — picturing God's love for Israel or Christ's love for the Church (Ephesians 5:25-32).
Classification: Wisdom Literature — Love Poetry
Key Themes: A knock at the door answered too late, a search that ends in being struck by the watchmen, a question from the daughters that invites the answer, and a description of the beloved from head to feet
Speakers: The Bridegroom (Solomon): v.1, v.2; The Bride (Shulamite): vv.2-8 (narrative), vv.10-16 (description); The Daughters of Jerusalem: v.9
Historical Context: Chapter 5 is the most dramatic chapter in the Song — a crisis of love. It opens with the consummation celebration (v.1, completing Ch.4's invitation), then shifts to a painful episode: the Bridegroom comes to the Bride at night, but she delays opening the door (v.3 — "I have put off my coat"). When she finally rises to open, he is gone. Her search is desperate: through city streets, past watchmen who wound her and strip her veil. This is the Song's darkest moment — love delayed results in painful absence. The chapter then transitions to the Daughters of Jerusalem asking "What is thy beloved more than another?" — prompting the Bride's magnificent extended description of the Bridegroom (vv.10-16), the male counterpart to Ch.4's wasf. Her description culminates in the declaration: "He is altogether lovely." Allegorically, this chapter pictures the believer's complacency toward Christ's knocking (cf. Revelation 3:20), the painful consequences of delayed obedience, suffering in the world while seeking Him, and the believer's testimony about Christ's surpassing worth.
The Bridegroom: I Am Come into My Garden (v.1): He answers the invitation directly and in the perfect tense, gathering myrrh, honeycomb, wine and milk. The verse ends with a third voice telling friends to eat and drink abundantly, which reads like a wedding blessing spoken over the couple. It is the high point of the book, and it is one verse long.
The Bride: I Sleep, but My Heart Waketh (vv.2-6): The reversal is immediate and unexplained. He knocks and asks to be let in, his head filled with dew, and her answer is a series of small excuses — she has put off her coat, she has washed her feet. By the time she rises and opens, he is gone. Whether this is a dream is left open, as in chapter 3, and either way the book records a failure of response rather than of love.
The Watchmen Found Me (vv.7-8): The watchmen who merely met her in chapter 3 now smite her and wound her and take away her veil. Nothing explains it. She turns to the daughters of Jerusalem with a charge that inverts the earlier refrain — not do not stir up love, but if you find my beloved, tell him that I am sick of love.
The Daughters Ask: What Is Thy Beloved? (v.9): A single question from the chorus, and it functions as a prompt: what is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so charge us? The structure of the book depends on these interruptions. Being asked to justify her attachment is what produces the description that fills the rest of the chapter.
The Bride: My Beloved Is White and Ruddy (vv.10-16): Her answer is a wasf of her own, the mirror of chapter 4, and the only extended praise of a man's body in Scripture. It runs head to feet — hair bushy and black as a raven, eyes as doves by the rivers of waters, hands as rings of gold, legs as pillars of marble — and the materials are architectural, gold and marble and ivory, as though describing a statue. The closing line is plainer than any of it: this is my beloved, and this is my friend.

Map & Geography

  • Jerusalem (v.8, v.16): Capital of Judah; the holy city where the Temple stood.
  • Lebanon (v.15): Region north of Israel known for its cedar forests.

Places on this map

  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
  • LebanonMount Lebanon range, LebanonIn the Bible this is the mountain range, not the modern country: a snow-capped wall rising over 10,000 feet behind the Phoenician coast. Its cedar was the prestige timber of the ancient Near East and both the tabernacle's successors and Solomon's temple were built from it. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik emphasizes the tragedy of delayed response: the Bridegroom was present, willing, knocking — and the Bride's trivial excuses cost her his presence. This is a warning against spiritual complacency. Guzik notes that the Bride's description of the Bridegroom (vv.10-16) is her witness — the Daughters ask about him, and she testifies from personal knowledge. The best evangelism flows from genuine experience of Christ's beauty.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

The Maiden's Dream - Song of Solomon 5
David Guzik

The Maidens Dream: Song of Solomon 5
David Guzik

Song of Songs 5:2-6:3 | Where is God? | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of Song of Solomon -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Trivial Excuses, Real Consequences (vv.2-3) — When her beloved knocks, the Bride hesitates over something as small as not wanting to put her feet back on the ground, and by the time she opens the door he's gone. What small excuse are you using to delay responding to someone, or to God, who's reaching out right now?
  • The Ache That Follows His Absence (vv.6-8) — Once he's gone, she searches desperately and is wounded by the watchmen along the way, finally realizing how much she's lost. Are you waiting for absence to teach you what you should already be grateful for in the presence you still have?
  • Having an Answer When Someone Asks Why (v.9) — The daughters of Jerusalem ask what makes her beloved better than any other, and she's ready with a real answer. If someone asked you what makes your faith, or your marriage, worth having, could you say something specific and true, or would you come up empty?
  • Describing Him as "Altogether Lovely" (vv.10-16) — Her description of her beloved holds nothing back and ends with total, unqualified praise. Are you willing to speak that specifically and generously about the people, and the God, you love, or does your praise stay vague and private?