Hosea — Chapter 5

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1“Hear this, O priests! Take heed, O house of Israel! Give ear, O royal house! For this judgment is against you because you have been a snare at Mizpah, a net spread out on Tabor.

2The rebels are deep in slaughter; but I will chastise them all.

3I know all about Ephraim, and Israel is not hidden from Me. For now, O Ephraim, you have turned to prostitution; Israel is defiled.

4Their deeds do not permit them to return to their God, for a spirit of prostitution is within them, and they do not know the LORD.

5Israel’s arrogance testifies against them; Israel and Ephraim stumble in their iniquity; even Judah stumbles with them.

6They go with their flocks and herds to seek the LORD, but they do not find Him; He has withdrawn Himself from them.

7They have been unfaithful to the LORD; for they have borne illegitimate children. Now the New Moon will devour them along with their land.

8Blow the ram’s horn in Gibeah, the trumpet in Ramah; raise the battle cry in Beth-aven: Lead on, O Benjamin!

9Ephraim will be laid waste on the day of rebuke. Among the tribes of Israel I proclaim what is certain.

10The princes of Judah are like those who move boundary stones; I will pour out My fury upon them like water.

11Ephraim is oppressed, crushed in judgment, for he is determined to follow worthless idols.

12So I am like a moth to Ephraim, and like decay to the house of Judah.

13When Ephraim saw his sickness and Judah his wound, then Ephraim turned to Assyria and sent to the great king. But he cannot cure you or heal your wound.

14For I am like a lion to Ephraim and like a young lion to the house of Judah. I, even I, will tear them to pieces and then go away. I will carry them off where no one can rescue them.

15Then I will return to My place until they admit their guilt and seek My face; in their affliction they will earnestly seek Me.”

1Hear ye this, O priests; and hearken, ye house of Israel; and give ye ear, O house of the king; for judgment is toward you, because ye have been a snare on Mizpah, and a net spread upon Tabor.

2And the revolters are profound to make slaughter, though I have been a rebuker of them all.

3I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, O Ephraim, thou committest whoredom, and Israel is defiled.

4They will not frame their doings to turn unto their God: for the spirit of whoredoms is in the midst of them, and they have not known the LORD.

5And the pride of Israel doth testify to his face: therefore shall Israel and Ephraim fall in their iniquity; Judah also shall fall with them.

6They shall go with their flocks and with their herds to seek the LORD; but they shall not find him; he hath withdrawn himself from them.

7They have dealt treacherously against the LORD: for they have begotten strange children: now shall a month devour them with their portions.

8Blow ye the cornet in Gibeah, and the trumpet in Ramah: cry aloud at Beth-aven, after thee, O Benjamin.

9Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be.

10The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound: therefore I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.

11Ephraim is oppressed and broken in judgment, because he willingly walked after the commandment.

12Therefore will I be unto Ephraim as a moth, and to the house of Judah as rottenness.

13When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah saw his wound, then went Ephraim to the Assyrian, and sent to king Jareb: yet could he not heal you, nor cure you of your wound.

14For I will be unto Ephraim as a lion, and as a young lion to the house of Judah: I, even I, will tear and go away; I will take away, and none shall rescue him.

15I will go and return to my place, till they acknowledge their offence, and seek my face: in their affliction they will seek me early.

1Hear this, O ye priests, and hearken, O house of Israel, and give ear, O house of the king; for unto you pertaineth the judgment; for ye have been a snare at Mizpah, and a net spread upon Tabor.

2And the revolters are gone deep in making slaughter; but I am a rebuker of them all.

3I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me; for now, O Ephraim, thou hast played the harlot, Israel is defiled.

4Their doings will not suffer them to turn unto their God; for the spirit of whoredom is within them, and they know not Jehovah.

5And the pride of Israel doth testify to his face: therefore Israel and Ephraim shall stumble in their iniquity; Judah also shall stumble with them.

6They shall go with their flocks and with their herds to seek Jehovah; but they shall not find him: he hath withdrawn himself from them.

7They have dealt treacherously against Jehovah; for they have borne strange children: now shall the new moon devour them with their fields.

8Blow ye the cornet in Gibeah, and the trumpet in Ramah: sound an alarm at Beth-aven; behind thee, O Benjamin.

9Ephraim shall become a desolation in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be.

10The princes of Judah are like them that remove the landmark: I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.

11Ephraim is oppressed, he is crushed in judgment; because he was content to walk after [man`s] command.

12Therefore am I unto Ephraim as a moth, and to the house of Judah as rottenness.

13When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah [saw] his wound, then went Ephraim to Assyria, and sent to king Jareb: but he is not able to heal you, neither will he cure you of your wound.

14For I will be unto Ephraim as a lion, and as a young lion to the house of Judah: I, even I, will tear and go away; I will carry off, and there shall be none to deliver.

15I will go and return to my place, till they acknowledge their offence, and seek my face: in their affliction they will seek me earnestly.

1Hear this, you priests! Pay attention, you Israelites! Listen closely, O king! For judgment is about to overtake you. For you were like a trap to Mizpah, like a net spread out to catch Tabor.

2Those who revolt are knee-deep in slaughter, but I will discipline them all.

3I know Ephraim all too well; the evil of Israel is not hidden from me. For you have engaged in prostitution, O Ephraim; Israel has defiled itself.

4Their wicked deeds do not allow them to return to their God; for a spirit of idolatry is in them, and they do not acknowledge the Lord.

5The arrogance of Israel testifies against it; Israel and Ephraim will be overthrown because of their iniquity. Even Judah will be brought down with them.

6Although they bring their flocks and herds to seek the favor of the Lord, they will not find him— he has withdrawn himself from them!

7They have committed treason against the Lord because they bore illegitimate children. Soon the new moon festival will devour them and their fields.

8Blow the ram’s horn in Gibeah! Sound the trumpet in Ramah! Sound the alarm in Beth Aven; tremble in fear, O Benjamin!

9Ephraim will be ruined in the day of judgment. What I am declaring to the tribes of Israel will certainly take place!

10The princes of Judah are like those who move boundary markers. I will pour out my rage on them like a torrential flood.

11Ephraim will be oppressed, crushed under judgment, because he was determined to pursue worthless idols.

12I will be like a moth to Ephraim, like wood rot to the house of Judah.

13When Ephraim saw his sickness and Judah saw his wound, then Ephraim turned to Assyria and begged its great king for help. But he will not be able to heal you. He cannot cure your wound!

14I will be like a lion to Ephraim, like a young lion to the house of Judah. I myself will tear them to pieces; then I will carry them off, and no one will be able to rescue them!

15Then I will return again to my lair until they have suffered their punishment. Then they will seek me; in their distress they will earnestly seek me.

1“Listen to this, you priests! Listen, house of Israel, and give ear, house of the king! For the judgment is against you; for you have been a snare at Mizpah, and a net spread on Tabor.

2The rebels are deep in slaughter; but I discipline all of them.

3I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hidden from me; for now, Ephraim, you have played the prostitute. Israel is defiled.

4Their deeds won’t allow them to turn to their God; for the spirit of prostitution is within them, and they don’t know Yahweh.

5The pride of Israel testifies to his face. Therefore Israel and Ephraim will stumble in their iniquity. Judah also will stumble with them.

6They will go with their flocks and with their herds to seek Yahweh; but they won’t find him. He has withdrawn himself from them.

7They are unfaithful to Yahweh; for they have borne illegitimate children. Now the new moon will devour them with their fields.

8“Blow the cornet in Gibeah, and the trumpet in Ramah! Sound a battle cry at Beth Aven, behind you, Benjamin!

9Ephraim will become a desolation in the day of rebuke. Among the tribes of Israel, I have made known that which will surely be.

10The princes of Judah are like those who remove a landmark. I will pour out my wrath on them like water.

11Ephraim is oppressed, he is crushed in judgment; Because he is intent in his pursuit of idols.

12Therefore I am to Ephraim like a moth, and to the house of Judah like rottenness.

13“When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah his wound, Then Ephraim went to Assyria, and sent to king Jareb: but he is not able to heal you, neither will he cure you of your wound.

14For I will be to Ephraim like a lion, and like a young lion to the house of Judah. I myself will tear in pieces and go away. I will carry off, and there will be no one to deliver.

15I will go and return to my place, until they acknowledge their offense, and seek my face. In their affliction they will seek me earnestly.”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

God pronounces judgment on Israel's priests, people, and royal house, calling them a snare and a net that has trapped the nation in rebellion (vv. 1-2). Their spirit of prostitution keeps them from knowing the LORD, and Israel's arrogance testifies against them as both Israel and Judah stumble in guilt (vv. 3-5). When they finally seek the LORD with their flocks and herds it will be too late, since he has withdrawn from them because of their unfaithfulness (vv. 6-7). Alarms sound across Ephraim and Judah as God, like a moth or dry rot, slowly consumes them, and Ephraim's turn to Assyria for help proves powerless to heal their wound (vv. 8-13). God declares he will be like a lion tearing his prey and will then withdraw to his place until the people acknowledge their guilt and earnestly seek his face in their distress (vv. 14-15).

Authorship & Background

Author: Hosea son of Beeri. Prophesied to the northern kingdom (Israel) approximately 755-715 BC. Contemporary with Isaiah and Micah. Key theme: God's unfailing love for unfaithful Israel, illustrated through Hosea's marriage to Gomer (a prostitute). Despite Israel's spiritual adultery, God says: "I will heal their backsliding, I will love them freely" (14:4).
Classification: Prophetic Oracle — Judgment on Both Israel and Judah
Key Themes: God as a lion and a moth, failed alliances with Assyria, pride as the root of destruction, God withdrawing until repentance, seeking God in distress
Historical Context: Chapter 5 expands the indictment to include both Israel (Ephraim) and Judah. The priests, the royal house, and the people are all guilty. God has become like a "moth" to Ephraim (slow, invisible decay) and will become like a "lion" (sudden, devastating judgment). The chapter references the Syro-Ephraimite crisis (approximately 735 BC), when Ephraim sought help from Assyria rather than God (v.13) — a political alliance that would ultimately destroy them. The chapter ends with God "returning to His place" — withdrawing divine presence until Israel genuinely repents.
Triple Indictment: Priests, Israel, Royal House (vv.1-7): Three groups are summoned at once, hear ye this, O priests, and hearken, ye house of Israel, and give ye ear, O house of the king. No class is exempt, and the images are of trapping, a snare on Mizpah and a net spread upon Tabor, both of them high places used for worship. The reason judgment is certain is a matter of character, not circumstance: they will not frame their doings to turn unto their God, for the spirit of whoredoms is in the midst of them. Their sacrifices cannot reach Him, they shall not find him, because the offering is not the problem.
The Alarm: War is Coming (vv.8-9): Blow ye the cornet in Gibeah, and the trumpet in Ramah. The towns named are on the border between the two kingdoms, and the alarm is being raised across it, which fixes the setting: this is the Syro-Ephraimite war of around 735 BC, when Israel and Syria attacked Judah and Judah called Assyria in. Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke, and the desolation is announced as settled.
Judah Also Condemned (v.10): The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound. Moving a boundary stone is the quiet theft the law singles out in Deuteronomy 19 and 27, a crime committed at night against a neighbor who cannot prove it. Judah has just been warned not to follow Israel, and this is the charge that lands against it, not idolatry but the deliberate shifting of a line.
God as Moth and Lion (vv.11-14): Two images of how judgment arrives, and the pairing is the point. I will be unto Ephraim as a moth, and to the house of Judah as rottenness, decay so slow it is only noticed when the garment tears. Between them sits the diagnosis, when Ephraim saw his sickness he went to Assyria, treating the symptom with the empire that would destroy him. Then the second image, I will be unto Ephraim as a lion, and there shall be none to deliver. The moth is what they have not noticed, the lion is what they will not survive.
God Withdraws Until Repentance (v.15): I will go and return to my place, till they acknowledge their offence, and seek my face. The most severe thing in the chapter is not an act but a withdrawal, and it is stated with a condition attached and an expectation of the outcome, in their affliction they will seek me early. Absence is the instrument here, and it is temporary by design.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Verse-by-verse commentary on this chapter, written for the everyday reader and freely available online.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Hosea 4-5 | Lack of Knowledge | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

They Will Not Find Him - Hosea 5:6
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Hosea -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Pride That Testifies Against Us (v.5) — Israel's own pride is described as testifying openly against them, visible to everyone but themselves. Where might pride be evident to others in your life even though you can't quite see it yourself?
  • Ritual Without Presence (v.6) — The people bring their offerings to seek the Lord but do not find Him, because the ritual isn't matched by genuine repentance. Is your own spiritual activity — church attendance, giving, service — reaching toward God authentically, or has it become performance?
  • Slow Decay Before Sudden Collapse (vv.12, 14) — God describes acting first like a moth, a slow and quiet decay, before acting like a lion in sudden judgment. Is there a slow spiritual decline in your own life right now — fading passion, cooling prayer — that you're ignoring because it hasn't become a crisis yet?
  • Wrong Solutions for a Spiritual Problem (v.13) — Ephraim's wound comes from God, yet they seek healing through a political alliance with Assyria instead of returning to Him. When a struggle in your life is fundamentally spiritual, are you looking for solutions everywhere except back to God?
  • Affliction That Leads to Seeking (v.15) — God says He will withdraw until the people, in their distress, earnestly seek His face. If you're currently in a season of hardship, could it be the very thing prompting you to seek God more earnestly than before?