Revelation — Chapter 6

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1Then I watched as the Lamb opened one of the seven seals, and I heard one of the four living creatures say in a voice like thunder, “Come!”

2So I looked and saw a white horse, and its rider held a bow. And he was given a crown, and he rode out to overcome and conquer.

3And when the Lamb opened the second seal, I heard the second living creature say, “Come!”

4Then another horse went forth. It was bright red, and its rider was granted permission to take away peace from the earth and to make men slay one another. And he was given a great sword.

5And when the Lamb opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature say, “Come!” Then I looked and saw a black horse, and its rider held in his hand a pair of scales.

6And I heard what sounded like a voice from among the four living creatures, saying, “A quart of wheat for a denarius, and three quarts of barley for a denarius, and do not harm the oil and wine.”

7And when the Lamb opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth living creature say, “Come!”

8Then I looked and saw a pale green horse. Its rider’s name was Death, and Hades followed close behind. And they were given authority over a fourth of the earth, to kill by sword, by famine, by plague, and by the beasts of the earth.

9And when the Lamb opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain for the word of God and for the testimony they had upheld.

10And they cried out in a loud voice, “How long, O Lord, holy and true, until You judge those who dwell upon the earth and avenge our blood?”

11Then each of them was given a white robe and told to rest a little while longer until the full number of their fellow servants, their brothers, were killed, just as they had been killed.

12And I watched as the Lamb opened the sixth seal, and there was a great earthquake, and the sun became black like sackcloth of goat hair, and the whole moon turned blood red,

13and the stars of the sky fell to the earth like unripe figs dropping from a tree shaken by a great wind.

14The sky receded like a scroll being rolled up, and every mountain and island was moved from its place.

15Then the kings of the earth, the nobles, the commanders, the rich, the mighty, and every slave and free man hid in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains.

16And they said to the mountains and the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the face of the One seated on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb.

17For the great day of Their wrath has come, and who is able to withstand it?”

1And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals, and I heard, as it were the noise of thunder, one of the four beasts saying, Come and see.

2And I saw, and behold a white horse: and he that sat on him had a bow; and a crown was given unto him: and he went forth conquering, and to conquer.

3And when he had opened the second seal, I heard the second beast say, Come and see.

4And there went out another horse that was red: and power was given to him that sat thereon to take peace from the earth, and that they should kill one another: and there was given unto him a great sword.

5And when he had opened the third seal, I heard the third beast say, Come and see. And I beheld, and lo a black horse; and he that sat on him had a pair of balances in his hand.

6And I heard a voice in the midst of the four beasts say, A measure of wheat for a penny, and three measures of barley for a penny; and see thou hurt not the oil and the wine.

7And when he had opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth beast say, Come and see.

8And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth.

9And when he had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of them that were slain for the word of God, and for the testimony which they held:

10And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?

11And white robes were given unto every one of them; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little season, until their fellowservants also and their brethren, that should be killed as they were, should be fulfilled.

12And I beheld when he had opened the sixth seal, and, lo, there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood;

13And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind.

14And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places.

15And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains;

16And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb:

17For the great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand?

1And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seven seals, and I heard one of the four living creatures saying as with a voice of thunder, Come.

2And I saw, and behold, a white horse, and he that sat thereon had a bow; and there was given unto him a crown: and he came forth conquering, and to conquer.

3And when he opened the second seal, I heard the second living creature saying, Come.

4And another [horse] came forth, a red horse: and to him that sat thereon it was given to take peace from the earth, and that they should slay one another: and there was given unto him a great sword.

5And when he opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature saying, Come. And I saw, and behold, a black horse; and he that sat thereon had a balance in his hand.

6And I heard as it were a voice in the midst of the four living creatures saying, A measure of wheat for a shilling, and three measures of barley for a shilling; and the oil and the wine hurt thou not.

7And when he opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth living creature saying, Come.

8And I saw, and behold, a pale horse: and he that sat upon him, his name was Death; and Hades followed with him. And there was given unto them authority over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with famine, and with death, and by the wild beasts of the earth.

9And when he opened the fifth seal, I saw underneath the altar the souls of them that had been slain for the word of God, and for the testimony which they held:

10and they cried with a great voice, saying, How long, O Master, the holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?

11And there was given them to each one a white robe; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little time, until their fellow-servants also and their brethren, who should be killed even as they were, should have fulfilled [their course].

12And I saw when he opened the sixth seal, and there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the whole moon became as blood;

13and the stars of the heaven fell unto the earth, as a fig tree casteth her unripe figs when she is shaken of a great wind.

14And the heaven was removed as a scroll when it is rolled up; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places.

15And the kings of the earth, and the princes, and the chief captains, and the rich, and the strong, and every bondman and freeman, hid themselves in the caves and in the rocks of the mountains;

16and they say to the mountains and to the rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb:

17for the great day of their wrath is come; and who is able to stand?

1I looked on when the Lamb opened one of the seven seals, and I heard one of the four living creatures saying with a thunderous voice, “Come!”

2So I looked, and here came a white horse! The one who rode it had a bow, and he was given a crown, and as a conqueror he rode out to conquer.

3Then when the Lamb opened the second seal, I heard the second living creature saying, “Come!”

4And another horse, fiery red, came out, and the one who rode it was granted permission to take peace from the earth so that people would butcher one another, and he was given a huge sword.

5Then when the Lamb opened the third seal I heard the third living creature saying, “Come!” So I looked, and here came a black horse! The one who rode it had a balance scale in his hand.

6Then I heard something like a voice from among the four living creatures saying, “A quart of wheat will cost a day’s pay, and three quarts of barley will cost a day’s pay. But do not damage the olive oil and the wine!”

7Then when the Lamb opened the fourth seal I heard the voice of the fourth living creature saying, “Come!”

8So I looked and here came a pale green horse! The name of the one who rode it was Death, and Hades followed right behind. They were given authority over a fourth of the earth, to kill its population with the sword, famine, and disease, and by the wild animals of the earth.

9Now when the Lamb opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been violently killed because of the word of God and because of the testimony they had given.

10They cried out with a loud voice, “How long, Sovereign Master, holy and true, before you judge those who live on the earth and avenge our blood?”

11Each of them was given a long white robe, and they were told to rest for a little longer, until the full number was reached of both their fellow servants and their brothers who were going to be killed just as they had been.

12Then I looked when the Lamb opened the sixth seal, and a huge earthquake took place; the sun became as black as sackcloth made of hair, and the full moon became blood red;

13and the stars in the sky fell to the earth like a fig tree dropping its unripe figs when shaken by a fierce wind.

14The sky was split apart like a scroll being rolled up, and every mountain and island was moved from its place.

15Then the kings of the earth, the very important people, the generals, the rich, the powerful, and everyone, slave and free, hid themselves in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains.

16They said to the mountains and to the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the face of the one who is seated on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb,

17because the great day of their wrath has come, and who is able to withstand it?”

1I saw that the Lamb opened one of the seven seals, and I heard one of the four living creatures saying, as with a voice of thunder, “Come and see!”

2And behold, a white horse, and he who sat on it had a bow. A crown was given to him, and he came out conquering, and to conquer.

3When he opened the second seal, I heard the second living creature saying, “Come!”

4Another came out, a red horse. To him who sat on it was given power to take peace from the earth, and that they should kill one another. There was given to him a great sword.

5When he opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature saying, “Come and see!” And behold, a black horse, and he who sat on it had a balance in his hand.

6I heard a voice in the middle of the four living creatures saying, “A choenix of wheat for a denarius, and three choenix of barley for a denarius! Don’t damage the oil and the wine!”

7When he opened the fourth seal, I heard the fourth living creature saying, “Come and see!”

8And behold, a pale horse, and he who sat on it, his name was Death. Hades followed with him. Authority over one fourth of the earth, to kill with the sword, with famine, with death, and by the wild animals of the earth was given to him.

9When he opened the fifth seal, I saw underneath the altar the souls of those who had been killed for the Word of God, and for the testimony of the Lamb which they had.

10They cried with a loud voice, saying, “How long, Master, the holy and true, until you judge and avenge our blood on those who dwell on the earth?”

11A long white robe was given to each of them. They were told that they should rest yet for a while, until their fellow servants and their brothers, who would also be killed even as they were, should complete their course.

12I saw when he opened the sixth seal, and there was a great earthquake. The sun became black as sackcloth made of hair, and the whole moon became as blood.

13The stars of the sky fell to the earth, like a fig tree dropping its unripe figs when it is shaken by a great wind.

14The sky was removed like a scroll when it is rolled up. Every mountain and island were moved out of their places.

15The kings of the earth, the princes, the commanding officers, the rich, the strong, and every slave and free person, hid themselves in the caves and in the rocks of the mountains.

16They told the mountains and the rocks, “Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him who sits on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb,

17for the great day of his wrath has come; and who is able to stand?”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

The Lamb begins opening the seven-sealed scroll. As the first seal breaks, a white horse rides out carrying a rider with a bow and a crown, going out to conquer (vv. 1-2). The second seal releases a fiery red horse whose rider is given a great sword and power to take peace from the earth so that people slaughter one another (vv. 3-4). The third seal brings a black horse whose rider holds a pair of scales, and a voice announces steep prices for wheat and barley while sparing the oil and wine, signaling famine (vv. 5-6). The fourth seal unleashes a pale horse ridden by Death, with Hades following, given authority over a quarter of the earth to kill by sword, famine, plague, and wild animals (vv. 7-8). The fifth seal reveals the souls of martyrs under the heavenly altar, crying out to know how long God will wait before judging those who killed them; each is given a white robe and told to wait until the full number of their fellow servants is complete (vv. 9-11). The sixth seal triggers a massive earthquake and cosmic upheaval — the sun turns black, the moon turns blood-red, the stars fall like unripe figs shaken from a tree, and the sky rolls up like a scroll, driving everyone from kings to slaves to hide in caves, begging the mountains and rocks to shield them from the wrath of the one on the throne and of the Lamb, because the great day of that wrath has arrived and no one can withstand it (vv. 12-17).

Authorship & Background

Author: The Apostle John (see Chapter 1 notes for full details).
Historical Context: Chapter 6 begins the opening of the seven seals by the Lamb. The first four seals release the famous "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse" — conquest, war, famine, and death. The fifth seal reveals martyrs under the altar. The sixth seal brings cosmic upheaval. These judgments represent God's wrath being poured out on a rebellious world. The chapter ends with the terrified cry: "Who shall be able to stand?" (v.17).
Classification: Apocalyptic Prophecy — The Seal Judgments
Key Themes: four horsemen released one at a time, each summoned by a living creature's own command, come and see, a black horse and a pair of balances turning famine into what reads almost like an inflation report, a fourth rider named simply Death with Hell following behind him and granted power over a fourth of the earth, martyred souls under the altar crying how long and told to wait until their number is complete, and cosmic upheaval so total that kings and slaves alike hide together asking the same terrified question, who shall be able to stand
The Four Horsemen (vv.1-8): The Lamb opens the seals and each of the first four is answered by one of the living creatures saying Come and see, and a horse goes out. White, with a bow and a crown given him, and he went forth conquering. Red, and power was given to him that sat thereon to take peace from the earth. Black, with a pair of balances, and a voice pricing wheat and barley at a day's wage for a day's food while telling the rider to spare the oil and the wine, which is famine described as an inflation report. Then pale, and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him, with power over a fourth part of the earth by sword, hunger, death and the beasts. The verb that recurs is given: the authority in all four is handed out rather than seized.
The Fifth Seal — Martyrs (vv.9-11): Souls under the altar — slain for God's word and their testimony (v.9). They cry: "How long?" (v.10). Given white robes; told to wait until the full number of martyrs is complete (v.11).
The Sixth Seal — Cosmic Upheaval (vv.12-17): Great earthquake, sun black, moon blood-red, stars falling, sky rolled up, mountains moved (vv.12-14). All people — from kings to slaves — hide in terror (vv.15-16). "The great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand?" (v.17).

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers each seal, the four horsemen, the martyrs' cry, and the cosmic upheaval of the sixth seal.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Revelation 6:1-8:5 | Breaking the Seals | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Revelation -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • The Four Horsemen Ride (vv.2-8) — Conquest, war, famine, and death are unleashed on the earth as the first four seals open. How do you respond to global suffering and upheaval — with despair, indifference, or confidence that God is still sovereign over it?
  • The Martyrs Cry Out (vv.9-10) — Souls under the altar ask God how long He will wait to bring justice for their blood. When you've cried out for God's justice or relief and had to wait, how did you handle it?
  • Told to Wait a Little Longer (v.11) — The martyrs are given white robes and told to rest until the full number of the faithful is complete. Can you trust God's timing even when it means waiting longer than you'd like?
  • Who Can Stand? (vv.16-17) — Facing the wrath of the Lamb, even kings and the mighty beg the mountains to hide them. Are you standing before God clothed in Christ's righteousness, or trying to stand on your own?