Jeremiah — Chapter 16

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1Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying,

2“You must not marry or have sons or daughters in this place.”

3For this is what the LORD says concerning the sons and daughters born in this place, and the mothers who bore them, and the fathers who fathered them in this land:

4“They will die from deadly diseases. They will not be mourned or buried, but will lie like dung on the ground. They will be finished off by sword and famine, and their corpses will become food for the birds of the air and beasts of the earth.”

5Indeed, this is what the LORD says: “Do not enter a house where there is a funeral meal. Do not go to mourn or show sympathy, for I have removed from this people My peace, My loving devotion, and My compassion,” declares the LORD.

6“Both great and small will die in this land. They will not be buried or mourned, nor will anyone cut himself or shave his head for them.

7No food will be offered to comfort those who mourn the dead; not even a cup of consolation will be given for the loss of a father or mother.

8You must not enter a house where there is feasting and sit down with them to eat and drink.

9For this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: I am going to remove from this place, before your very eyes and in your days, the sounds of joy and gladness, the voices of the bride and bridegroom.

10When you tell these people all these things, they will ask you, ‘Why has the LORD pronounced all this great disaster against us? What is our iniquity? What is the sin that we have committed against the LORD our God?’

11Then you are to answer them: ‘It is because your fathers have forsaken Me, declares the LORD, and followed other gods, and served and worshiped them. They abandoned Me and did not keep My instruction.

12And you have done more evil than your fathers. See how each of you follows the stubbornness of his evil heart instead of obeying Me.

13So I will cast you out of this land into a land that neither you nor your fathers have known. There you will serve other gods day and night, for I will show you no favor.’

14Yet behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when they will no longer say, ‘As surely as the LORD lives, who brought the Israelites up out of the land of Egypt.’

15Instead they will say, ‘As surely as the LORD lives, who brought the Israelites up out of the land of the north and all the other lands to which He had banished them.’ For I will return them to their land that I gave to their forefathers.

16But for now I will send for many fishermen, declares the LORD, and they will catch them. After that I will send for many hunters, and they will hunt them down on every mountain and hill, even from the clefts of the rocks.

17For My eyes are on all their ways. They are not hidden from My face, and their guilt is not concealed from My eyes.

18And I will first repay them double their iniquity and their sin, because they have defiled My land with the carcasses of their detestable idols, and they have filled My inheritance with their abominations.”

19O LORD, my strength and my fortress, my refuge in the day of distress, the nations will come to You from the ends of the earth, and they will say, “Our fathers inherited nothing but lies, worthless idols of no benefit at all.

20Can man make gods for himself? Such are not gods!”

21“Therefore behold, I will inform them, and this time I will make them know My power and My might; then they will know that My name is the LORD.

1The word of the LORD came also unto me, saying,

2Thou shalt not take thee a wife, neither shalt thou have sons or daughters in this place.

3For thus saith the LORD concerning the sons and concerning the daughters that are born in this place, and concerning their mothers that bare them, and concerning their fathers that begat them in this land;

4They shall die of grievous deaths; they shall not be lamented; neither shall they be buried; but they shall be as dung upon the face of the earth: and they shall be consumed by the sword, and by famine; and their carcases shall be meat for the fowls of heaven, and for the beasts of the earth.

5For thus saith the LORD, Enter not into the house of mourning, neither go to lament nor bemoan them: for I have taken away my peace from this people, saith the LORD, even lovingkindness and mercies.

6Both the great and the small shall die in this land: they shall not be buried, neither shall men lament for them, nor cut themselves, nor make themselves bald for them:

7Neither shall men tear themselves for them in mourning, to comfort them for the dead; neither shall men give them the cup of consolation to drink for their father or for their mother.

8Thou shalt not also go into the house of feasting, to sit with them to eat and to drink.

9For thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Behold, I will cause to cease out of this place in your eyes, and in your days, the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride.

10And it shall come to pass, when thou shalt shew this people all these words, and they shall say unto thee, Wherefore hath the LORD pronounced all this great evil against us? or what is our iniquity? or what is our sin that we have committed against the LORD our God?

11Then shalt thou say unto them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, saith the LORD, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshipped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law;

12And ye have done worse than your fathers; for, behold, ye walk every one after the imagination of his evil heart, that they may not hearken unto me:

13Therefore will I cast you out of this land into a land that ye know not, neither ye nor your fathers; and there shall ye serve other gods day and night; where I will not shew you favour.

14Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that it shall no more be said, The LORD liveth, that brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt;

15But, The LORD liveth, that brought up the children of Israel from the land of the north, and from all the lands whither he had driven them: and I will bring them again into their land that I gave unto their fathers.

16Behold, I will send for many fishers, saith the LORD, and they shall fish them; and after will I send for many hunters, and they shall hunt them from every mountain, and from every hill, and out of the holes of the rocks.

17For mine eyes are upon all their ways: they are not hid from my face, neither is their iniquity hid from mine eyes.

18And first I will recompense their iniquity and their sin double; because they have defiled my land, they have filled mine inheritance with the carcases of their detestable and abominable things.

19O LORD, my strength, and my fortress, and my refuge in the day of affliction, the Gentiles shall come unto thee from the ends of the earth, and shall say, Surely our fathers have inherited lies, vanity, and things wherein there is no profit.

20Shall a man make gods unto himself, and they are no gods?

21Therefore, behold, I will this once cause them to know, I will cause them to know mine hand and my might; and they shall know that my name is The LORD.

1The word of Jehovah came also unto me, saying,

2Thou shalt not take thee a wife, neither shalt thou have sons or daughters, in this place.

3For thus saith Jehovah concerning the sons and concerning the daughters that are born in this place, and concerning their mothers that bare them, and concerning their fathers that begat them in this land:

4They shall die grievous deaths: they shall not be lamented, neither shall they be buried; they shall be as dung upon the face of the ground; and they shall be consumed by the sword, and by famine; and their dead bodies shall be food for the birds of the heavens, and for the beasts of the earth.

5For thus saith Jehovah, Enter not into the house of mourning, neither go to lament, neither bemoan them; for I have taken away my peace from this people, saith Jehovah, even lovingkindness and tender mercies.

6Both great and small shall die in this land; they shall not be buried, neither shall men lament for them, nor cut themselves, nor make themselves bald for them;

7neither shall men break [bread] for them in mourning, to comfort them for the dead; neither shall men give them the cup of consolation to drink for their father or for their mother.

8And thou shalt not go into the house of feasting to sit with them, to eat and to drink.

9For thus saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will cause to cease out of this place, before your eyes and in your days, the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride.

10And it shall come to pass, when thou shalt show this people all these words, and they shall say unto thee, Wherefore hath Jehovah pronounced all this great evil against us? or what is our iniquity? or what is our sin that we have committed against Jehovah our God?

11Then shalt thou say unto them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, saith Jehovah, and have walked after other gods, and have served them, and have worshipped them, and have forsaken me, and have not kept my law;

12and ye have done evil more than your fathers; for, behold, ye walk every one after the stubbornness of his evil heart, so that ye hearken not unto me:

13therefore will I cast you forth out of this land into the land that ye have not known, neither ye nor your fathers; and there shall ye serve other gods day and night; for I will show you no favor.

14Therefore, behold, the days come, saith Jehovah, that it shall no more be said, As Jehovah liveth, that brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt;

15but, As Jehovah liveth, that brought up the children of Israel from the land of the north, and from all the countries whither he had driven them. And I will bring them again into their land that I gave unto their fathers.

16Behold, I will send for many fishers, saith Jehovah, and they shall fish them up; and afterward I will send for many hunters, and they shall hunt them from every mountain, and from every hill, and out of the clefts of the rocks.

17For mine eyes are upon all their ways; they are not hid from my face, neither is their iniquity concealed from mine eyes.

18And first I will recompense their iniquity and their sin double, because they have polluted my land with the carcasses of their detestable things, and have filled mine inheritance with their abominations.

19O Jehovah, my strength, and my stronghold, and my refuge in the day of affliction, unto thee shall the nations come from the ends of the earth, and shall say, Our fathers have inherited nought but lies, [even] vanity and things wherein there is no profit.

20Shall a man make unto himself gods, which yet are no gods?

21Therefore, behold, I will cause them to know, this once will I cause them to know my hand and my might; and they shall know that my name is Jehovah.

1The Lord’s message came to me,

2“Do not get married and do not have children here in this land.

3For I, the Lord, tell you what will happen to the children who are born here in this land and to the men and women who are their mothers and fathers.

4They will die of deadly diseases. No one will mourn for them. They will not be buried. Their dead bodies will lie like manure spread on the ground. They will be killed in war or die of starvation. Their corpses will be food for the birds and wild animals.

5“Moreover I, the Lord, tell you: ‘Do not go into a house where they are having a funeral meal. Do not go there to mourn and express your sorrow for them. For I have stopped showing them my good favor, my love, and my compassion. I, the Lord, so affirm it!

6Rich and poor alike will die in this land. They will not be buried or mourned. People will not cut their bodies or shave off their hair to show their grief for them.

7No one will take any food to those who mourn for the dead to comfort them. No one will give them any wine to drink to console them for the loss of their father or mother.

8“‘Do not go to a house where people are feasting and sit down to eat and drink with them either.

9For I, the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, tell you what will happen. I will put an end to the sounds of joy and gladness, to the glad celebration of brides and grooms in this land. You and the rest of the people will live to see this happen.’

10“When you tell these people about all this, they will undoubtedly ask you, ‘Why has the Lord threatened us with such great disaster? What wrong have we done? What sin have we done to offend the Lord our God?’

11Then tell them that the Lord says, ‘It is because your ancestors rejected me and paid allegiance to other gods. They have served them and worshiped them. But they have rejected me and not obeyed my law.

12And you have acted even more wickedly than your ancestors! Each one of you has followed the stubborn inclinations of your own wicked heart and not obeyed me.

13So I will throw you out of this land into a land that neither you nor your ancestors have ever known. There you must worship other gods day and night, for I will show you no mercy.’

14“Yet I, the Lord, say: ‘A new time will certainly come. People now affirm their oaths with “I swear as surely as the Lord lives who delivered the people of Israel out of Egypt.”

15But in that time they will affirm them with “I swear as surely as the Lord lives who delivered the people of Israel from the land of the north and from all the other lands where he had banished them.” At that time I will bring them back to the land I gave their ancestors.

16“But for now I, the Lord, say: ‘I will send many enemies who will catch these people like fishermen. After that I will send others who will hunt them out like hunters from all the mountains, all the hills, and the crevices in the rocks.

17For I see everything they do. Their wicked ways are not hidden from me. Their sin is not hidden away where I cannot see it.

18Before I restore them I will punish them in full for their sins and the wrongs they have done. For they have polluted my land with the lifeless statues of their disgusting idols. They have filled the land I have claimed as my own with their detestable idols.’

19Then I said, “Lord, you give me strength and protect me. You are the one I can run to for safety when I am in trouble. Nations from all over the earth will come to you and say, ‘Our ancestors had nothing but false gods— worthless idols that could not help them at all.’

20Can people make their own gods? No, what they make are not gods at all.”

21The Lord said, “So I will now let this wicked people know— I will let them know my mighty power in judgment. Then they will know that my name is the Lord.

1Yahweh’s word came also to me, saying,

2“You shall not take a wife, neither shall you have sons or daughters, in this place.”

3For Yahweh says concerning the sons and concerning the daughters who are born in this place, and concerning their mothers who bore them, and concerning their fathers who became their father in this land:

4“They will die grievous deaths: they will not be lamented, neither will they be buried. They will be as dung on the surface of the ground. They will be consumed by the sword and by famine. Their dead bodies will be food for the birds of the sky and for the animals of the earth.”

5For Yahweh says, “Don’t enter into the house of mourning. Don’t go to lament. Don’t bemoan them, for I have taken away my peace from this people,” says Yahweh, “even loving kindness and tender mercies.

6Both great and small will die in this land. They will not be buried. Men won’t lament for them, cut themselves, or make themselves bald for them.

7Men won’t break bread for them in mourning, to comfort them for the dead. Men won’t give them the cup of consolation to drink for their father or for their mother.

8“You shall not go into the house of feasting to sit with them, to eat and to drink.”

9For Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel says: “Behold, I will cause to cease out of this place, before your eyes and in your days, the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride.

10It will happen, when you tell this people all these words, and they ask you, ‘Why has Yahweh pronounced all this great evil against us?’ or ‘What is our iniquity? or ‘What is our sin that we have committed against Yahweh our God?’

11then you shall tell them, ‘Because your fathers have forsaken me,’ says Yahweh, ‘and have walked after other gods, have served them, have worshiped them, have forsaken me, and have not kept my law.

12You have done evil more than your fathers, for behold, you each walk after the stubbornness of his evil heart, so that you don’t listen to me.

13Therefore will I cast you out of this land into the land that you have not known, neither you nor your fathers. There you will serve other gods day and night, for I will show you no favor.’

14“Therefore behold, the days come,” says Yahweh, “that it will no more be said, ‘As Yahweh lives, who brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt;’

15but, ‘As Yahweh lives, who brought up the children of Israel from the land of the north, and from all the countries where he had driven them.’ I will bring them again into their land that I gave to their fathers.

16“Behold, I will send for many fishermen,” says Yahweh, “and they will fish them up. Afterward I will send for many hunters, and they will hunt them from every mountain, from every hill, and out of the clefts of the rocks.

17For my eyes are on all their ways. They are not hidden from my face. Their iniquity isn’t concealed from my eyes.

18First I will recompense their iniquity and their sin double, because they have polluted my land with the carcasses of their detestable things, and have filled my inheritance with their abominations.”

19Yahweh, my strength, and my stronghold, and my refuge in the day of affliction, the nations will come to you from the ends of the earth, and will say, “Our fathers have inherited nothing but lies, vanity and things in which there is no profit.

20Should a man make to himself gods, which yet are no gods?”

21“Therefore behold, I will cause them to know, this once I will cause them to know my hand and my might. Then they will know that my name is Yahweh.”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

God forbids Jeremiah to marry or have children, to attend funerals, or to join in celebrations, because his isolated life itself becomes a living sign that ordinary life in Judah is about to end, death will come so widely that the dead will go unburied and unmourned, and singing and feasting will cease from the land (vv. 1-9). When the people ask why such disaster is coming, the answer is that their ancestors and now they themselves have forsaken God and worshipped other gods, refusing to keep His law (vv. 10-13). Yet the chapter closes with a striking promise: a day will come when Israel's future rescue and regathering from all the lands of exile will eclipse in memory even the exodus from Egypt (vv. 14-15).

Authorship & Background

Author: Jeremiah son of Hilkiah (see Chapter 1 notes for full details).
Classification: Prophetic Sign-Life + Oracle of Judgment and Hope
Key Themes: Jeremiah's celibacy as prophetic sign, no marriage/ mourning/feasting in Judah's future, the question "why?" answered, judgment for forsaking God, the coming new exodus, future Gentile conversion
Historical Context: God commands Jeremiah not to marry or have children (unique among prophets). The reason: children born now will die horrible deaths (v.3-4). His celibacy is the prophecy — his empty house preaches that normal life is over. He can't attend funerals (mourning will be too overwhelming for individual grief) or feasts (joy is being removed). His entire existence becomes the message. Yet the chapter's ending (vv.14-15) promises a second exodus so magnificent it will eclipse the first.
Thou Shalt Not Take Thee a Wife (vv.1-4): Thou shalt not take thee a wife, neither shalt thou have sons or daughters in this place. Jeremiah is the only prophet forbidden to marry, and the reason given is not discipline but forecast, because the children would die, they shall die of a grievous death, they shall not be lamented, neither shall they be buried. In a society where a man's name continued only through his children this is a significant deprivation, and it is imposed as a sign. His own life is the sermon, which is the working method of this book.
Neither Go to Mourn (vv.5-7): Enter not into the house of mourning, neither go to lament nor bemoan them, for I have taken away my peace from this people. The prohibited customs are then listed, and it is their absence that carries the message: they shall not be buried, neither shall men lament for them, nor cut themselves, nor make themselves bald, nor give the cup of consolation to drink. Funerals are being canceled in advance, and the prophet is made to stop attending them now so that people ask why.
Nor Go to Feast (vv.8-9): Thou shalt not go into the house of feasting, to sit with them to eat and to drink, and the reason again looks forward, behold, I will cause to cease out of this place the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride. Taken with the two sections above it, he is barred from marriage, from funerals and from weddings, which in a small town is the whole of social life. The isolation he complains of at 15:17 turns out to have been imposed rather than chosen.
Wherefore Hath the LORD Pronounced This Evil (vv.10-13): The question the people will ask is supplied in advance, wherefore hath the LORD pronounced all this great evil against us, or what is our iniquity. The answer comes in two parts and the second is the one that closes the escape, because your fathers have forsaken me, and ye have done worse than your fathers. Then the sentence, and it reads the exile as getting exactly what was asked for, at scale, therefore will I cast you out of this land into a land that ye know not, and there shall ye serve other gods day and night.
A Greater Deliverance Than Egypt (vv.14-15): Two verses that reverse the direction of everything around them. The days come, saith the LORD, that it shall no more be said, The LORD liveth, that brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt, but, The LORD liveth, that brought up the children of Israel from the land of the north. The exodus was the reference point of every oath, festival and creed in Israel's life, and what is said here is that it will be superseded as the standard example of rescue.
Fishers and Hunters (vv.16-18): I will send for many fishers, and they shall fish them, and after will I send for many hunters, and they shall hunt them from every mountain, and out of the holes of the rocks. Two methods in sequence, nets first for whatever can be taken in quantity and then tracking for whatever hid, so that nothing is left. And the reason the second method works, for mine eyes are upon all their ways, they are not hid from my face, neither is their iniquity hid from mine eyes.
The Nations Shall Come (vv.19-21): The voice changes to the prophet's and the horizon widens past Judah entirely, O LORD, my strength and my fortress, the Gentiles shall come unto thee from the ends of the earth, and shall say, Surely our fathers have inherited lies. The idol satire of chapter 10 is compressed into one line, shall a man make gods unto himself, and they are no gods. And the chapter closes on the outcome rather than the judgment, and they shall know that my name is The LORD.

Map & Geography

  • Egypt (v.14): Land to the southwest; place of Israel's bondage and exodus.

Places on this map

  • EgyptEgyptA ribbon of irrigated land along the Nile, ending in the Delta where Israel settled in Goshen. Rain-fed Canaan depended on weather; Egypt depended on a river that flooded on schedule, which made it the place everyone went when the harvest failed. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Jeremiah 16 - Bible Study, Explanation, and Application
2BeLikeChrist

Bearing the Burden of a Prophet, Part 1 - Jeremiah 15-16
David Guzik

Jeremiah 16:1-17:18 | Embodying Death | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Jeremiah -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • A Life That Preaches Without Words (v.2) — God forbids Jeremiah to marry or have children, making his entire lifestyle the sermon about what's coming. What is your daily life actually communicating about what you believe, regardless of what you say?
  • Outdoing Even Past Generations in Wrongdoing (v.12) — God tells the people they've done worse than their fathers, each one following the stubbornness of an evil heart. Is your generation, or your own life, trending toward greater faithfulness or greater compromise?
  • A Future That Will Eclipse the Past (vv.14-15) — God promises a coming deliverance so great it will overshadow even the exodus from Egypt. Are you still living off past evidence of God's faithfulness instead of expecting Him to do something new?
  • No One Escapes God's Notice (vv.16-18) — God sends for fishers and hunters to find His people wherever they've scattered, because nothing is hidden from His sight. Does it comfort or unsettle you to know God sees exactly where you are, right now?
  • Inherited Lies Passed Down (v.19) — The nations will one day admit their ancestors inherited nothing but lies and worthless idols. What assumptions about God or life did you inherit from your family or culture that deserve a second look?