Jeremiah — Chapter 42

Loading ESV text...

1Then all the commanders of the forces, along with Johanan son of Kareah, Jezaniah son of Hoshaiah, and all the people from the least to the greatest, approached

2Jeremiah the prophet and said, “May our petition come before you; pray to the LORD your God on behalf of this entire remnant. For few of us remain of the many, as you can see with your own eyes.

3Pray that the LORD your God will tell us the way we should walk and the thing we should do.”

4“I have heard you,” replied Jeremiah the prophet. “I will surely pray to the LORD your God as you request, and I will tell you everything that the LORD answers. I will not withhold a word from you.”

5Then they said to Jeremiah, “May the LORD be a true and faithful witness against us if we do not act upon every word that the LORD your God sends you to tell us.

6Whether it is pleasant or unpleasant, we will obey the voice of the LORD our God to whom we are sending you, so that it may go well with us when we obey the voice of the LORD our God!”

7After ten days the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah,

8and he summoned Johanan son of Kareah, all the commanders of the forces who were with him, and all the people from the least to the greatest.

9Jeremiah told them, “Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel, to whom you sent me to present your petition:

10‘If you will indeed stay in this land, then I will build you up and not tear you down; I will plant you and not uproot you, for I will relent of the disaster I have brought upon you.

11Do not be afraid of the king of Babylon, whom you now fear; do not be afraid of him, declares the LORD, for I am with you to save you and deliver you from him.

12And I will show you compassion, and he will have compassion on you and restore you to your own land.’

13But if you say, ‘We will not stay in this land,’ and you thus disobey the voice of the LORD your God,

14and if you say, ‘No, but we will go to the land of Egypt and live there, where we will not see war or hear the sound of the ram’s horn or hunger for bread,’

15then hear the word of the LORD, O remnant of Judah! This is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: ‘If you are determined to go to Egypt and reside there,

16then the sword you fear will overtake you there, and the famine you dread will follow on your heels into Egypt, and you will die there.

17So all who resolve to go to Egypt to reside there will die by sword and famine and plague. Not one of them will survive or escape the disaster I will bring upon them.’

18For this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: ‘Just as My anger and wrath were poured out on the residents of Jerusalem, so will My wrath be poured out on you if you go to Egypt. You will become an object of cursing and horror, of vilification and disgrace, and you will never see this place again.’

19The LORD has told you, O remnant of Judah, ‘Do not go to Egypt.’ Know for sure that I have warned you today!

20For you have deceived yourselves by sending me to the LORD your God, saying, ‘Pray to the LORD our God on our behalf, and as for all that the LORD our God says, tell it to us and we will do it.’

21For I have told you today, but you have not obeyed the voice of the LORD your God in all He has sent me to tell you.

22Now therefore, know for sure that by sword and famine and plague you will die in the place where you desire to go to reside.”

1Then all the captains of the forces, and Johanan the son of Kareah, and Jezaniah the son of Hoshaiah, and all the people from the least even unto the greatest, came near,

2And said unto Jeremiah the prophet, Let, we beseech thee, our supplication be accepted before thee, and pray for us unto the LORD thy God, even for all this remnant; (for we are left but a few of many, as thine eyes do behold us:)

3That the LORD thy God may shew us the way wherein we may walk, and the thing that we may do.

4Then Jeremiah the prophet said unto them, I have heard you; behold, I will pray unto the LORD your God according to your words; and it shall come to pass, that whatsoever thing the LORD shall answer you, I will declare it unto you; I will keep nothing back from you.

5Then they said to Jeremiah, The LORD be a true and faithful witness between us, if we do not even according to all things for the which the LORD thy God shall send thee to us.

6Whether it be good, or whether it be evil, we will obey the voice of the LORD our God, to whom we send thee; that it may be well with us, when we obey the voice of the LORD our God.

7And it came to pass after ten days, that the word of the LORD came unto Jeremiah.

8Then called he Johanan the son of Kareah, and all the captains of the forces which were with him, and all the people from the least even to the greatest,

9And said unto them, Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel, unto whom ye sent me to present your supplication before him;

10If ye will still abide in this land, then will I build you, and not pull you down, and I will plant you, and not pluck you up: for I repent me of the evil that I have done unto you.

11Be not afraid of the king of Babylon, of whom ye are afraid; be not afraid of him, saith the LORD: for I am with you to save you, and to deliver you from his hand.

12And I will shew mercies unto you, that he may have mercy upon you, and cause you to return to your own land.

13But if ye say, We will not dwell in this land, neither obey the voice of the LORD your God,

14Saying, No; but we will go into the land of Egypt, where we shall see no war, nor hear the sound of the trumpet, nor have hunger of bread; and there will we dwell:

15And now therefore hear the word of the LORD, ye remnant of Judah; Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; If ye wholly set your faces to enter into Egypt, and go to sojourn there;

16Then it shall come to pass, that the sword, which ye feared, shall overtake you there in the land of Egypt, and the famine, whereof ye were afraid, shall follow close after you there in Egypt; and there ye shall die.

17So shall it be with all the men that set their faces to go into Egypt to sojourn there; they shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence: and none of them shall remain or escape from the evil that I will bring upon them.

18For thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; As mine anger and my fury hath been poured forth upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem; so shall my fury be poured forth upon you, when ye shall enter into Egypt: and ye shall be an execration, and an astonishment, and a curse, and a reproach; and ye shall see this place no more.

19The LORD hath said concerning you, O ye remnant of Judah; Go ye not into Egypt: know certainly that I have admonished you this day.

20For ye dissembled in your hearts, when ye sent me unto the LORD your God, saying, Pray for us unto the LORD our God; and according unto all that the LORD our God shall say, so declare unto us, and we will do it.

21And now I have this day declared it to you; but ye have not obeyed the voice of the LORD your God, nor any thing for the which he hath sent me unto you.

22Now therefore know certainly that ye shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence, in the place whither ye desire to go and to sojourn.

1Then all the captains of the forces, and Johanan the son of Kareah, and Jezaniah the son of Hoshaiah, and all the people from the least even unto the greatest, came near,

2and said unto Jeremiah the prophet, Let, we pray thee, our supplication be presented before thee, and pray for us unto Jehovah thy God, even for all this remnant; for we are left but a few of many, as thine eyes do behold us:

3that Jehovah thy God may show us the way wherein we should walk, and the thing that we should do.

4Then Jeremiah the prophet said unto them, I have heard you; behold, I will pray unto Jehovah your God according to your words; and it shall come to pass that whatsoever thing Jehovah shall answer you, I will declare it unto you; I will keep nothing back from you.

5Then they said to Jeremiah, Jehovah be a true and faithful witness amongst us, if we do not according to all the word wherewith Jehovah thy God shall send thee to us.

6Whether it be good, or whether it be evil, we will obey the voice of Jehovah our God, to whom we send thee; that it may be well with us, when we obey the voice of Jehovah our God.

7And it came to pass after ten days, that the word of Jehovah came unto Jeremiah.

8Then called he Johanan the son of Kareah, and all the captains of the forces that were with him, and all the people from the least even to the greatest,

9and said unto them, Thus saith Jehovah, the God of Israel, unto whom ye sent me to present your supplication before him:

10If ye will still abide in this land, then will I build you, and not pull you down, and I will plant you, and not pluck you up; for I repent me of the evil that I have done unto you.

11Be not afraid of the king of Babylon, of whom ye are afraid; be not afraid of him, saith Jehovah: for I am with you to save you, and to deliver you from his hand.

12And I will grant you mercy, that he may have mercy upon you, and cause you to return to your own land.

13But if ye say, We will not dwell in this land; so that ye obey not the voice of Jehovah your God,

14saying, No; but we will go into the land of Egypt, where we shall see no war, nor hear the sound of the trumpet, nor have hunger of bread; and there will we dwell:

15now therefore hear ye the word of Jehovah, O remnant of Judah: Thus saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel, If ye indeed set your faces to enter into Egypt, and go to sojourn there;

16then it shall come to pass, that the sword, which ye fear, shall overtake you there in the land of Egypt; and the famine, whereof ye are afraid, shall follow hard after you there in Egypt; and there ye shall die.

17So shall it be with all the men that set their faces to go into Egypt to sojourn there: they shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence; and none of them shall remain or escape from the evil that I will bring upon them.

18For thus saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel: As mine anger and my wrath hath been poured forth upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so shall my wrath be poured forth upon you, when ye shall enter into Egypt; and ye shall be an execration, and an astonishment, and a curse, and a reproach; and ye shall see this place no more.

19Jehovah hath spoken concerning you, O remnant of Judah, Go ye not into Egypt: know certainly that I have testified unto you this day.

20For ye have dealt deceitfully against your own souls; for ye sent me unto Jehovah your God, saying, Pray for us unto Jehovah our God; and according unto all that Jehovah our God shall say, so declare unto us, and we will do it:

21and I have this day declared it to you; but ye have not obeyed the voice of Jehovah your God in anything for which he hath sent me unto you.

22Now therefore know certainly that ye shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence, in the place whither ye desire to go to sojourn there.

1Then all the army officers, including Johanan son of Kareah and Jezaniah son of Hoshaiah and all the people of every class, went to the prophet Jeremiah.

2They said to him, “Please grant our request and pray to the Lord your God for all those of us who are still left alive here. For, as you yourself can see, there are only a few of us left out of the many there were before.

3Pray that the Lord your God will tell us where we should go and what we should do.”

4The prophet Jeremiah answered them, “Agreed! I will indeed pray to the Lord your God as you have asked. I will tell you everything the Lord replies in response to you. I will not keep anything back from you.”

5They answered Jeremiah, “May the Lord be a true and faithful witness against us if we do not do just as the Lord your God sends you to tell us to do.

6We will obey what the Lord our God to whom we are sending you tells us to do. It does not matter whether we like what he tells us or not. We will obey what he tells us to do so that things will go well for us.”

7Ten days later the Lord’s message came to Jeremiah.

8So Jeremiah summoned Johanan son of Kareah and all the army officers who were with him and all the people of every class.

9Then Jeremiah said to them, “You sent me to the Lord God of Israel to make your request known to him. Here is what he says to you:

10‘If you will only stay in this land, I will build you up. I will not tear you down. I will firmly plant you. I will not uproot you. For I am filled with sorrow because of the disaster that I have brought on you.

11Do not be afraid of the king of Babylon whom you now fear. Do not be afraid of him because I will be with you to save you and to rescue you from his power. I, the Lord, affirm it!

12I will have compassion on you so that he in turn will have mercy on you and allow you to return to your land.’

13“You must not disobey the Lord your God by saying, ‘We will not stay in this land.’

14You must not say, ‘No, we will not stay. Instead we will go and live in the land of Egypt where we will not face war, or hear the enemy’s trumpet calls, or starve for lack of food.’

15If you people who remain in Judah do that, then listen to the Lord’s message. This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, has said, ‘If you are so determined to go to Egypt that you go and settle there,

16the wars you fear will catch up with you there in the land of Egypt. The starvation you are worried about will follow you there to Egypt. You will die there.

17All the people who are determined to go and settle in Egypt will die from war, starvation, or disease. No one will survive or escape the disaster I will bring on them.’

18For the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says, ‘If you go to Egypt, I will pour out my wrath on you just as I poured out my anger and wrath on the citizens of Jerusalem. You will become an object of horror and ridicule, an example of those who have been cursed and that people use in pronouncing a curse. You will never see this place again.’

19“The Lord has told you people who remain in Judah, ‘Do not go to Egypt.’ Be very sure of this: I warn you here and now.

20You are making a fatal mistake. For you sent me to the Lord your God and asked me, ‘Pray to the Lord our God for us. Tell us what the Lord our God says, and we will do it.’

21This day I have told you what he said. But you do not want to obey the Lord your God by doing what he sent me to tell you.

22So now be very sure of this: You will die from war, starvation, or disease in the place where you want to go and live.”

1Then all the captains of the forces, and Johanan the son of Kareah, and Jezaniah the son of Hoshaiah, and all the people from the least even to the greatest, came near,

2and said to Jeremiah the prophet, “Please let our supplication be presented before you, and pray for us to Yahweh your God, even for all this remnant; for we are left but a few of many, as your eyes see us;

3that Yahweh your God may show us the way in which we should walk, and the things that we should do.”

4Then Jeremiah the prophet said to them, “I have heard you. Behold, I will pray to Yahweh your God according to your words; and it will happen that whatever thing Yahweh answers you, I will declare it to you. I will keep nothing back from you.”

5Then they said to Jeremiah, “May Yahweh be a true and faithful witness among us, if we don’t do according to all the word with which Yahweh your God sends you to tell us.

6Whether it is good, or whether it is bad, we will obey the voice of Yahweh our God, to whom we send you; that it may be well with us, when we obey the voice of Yahweh our God.”

7After ten days, Yahweh’s word came to Jeremiah.

8Then he called Johanan the son of Kareah, and all the captains of the forces who were with him, and all the people from the least even to the greatest,

9and said to them, “Yahweh, the God of Israel, to whom you sent me to present your supplication before him, says:

10‘If you will still live in this land, then I will build you, and not pull you down, and I will plant you, and not pluck you up; for I grieve over the distress that I have brought on you.

11Don’t be afraid of the king of Babylon, of whom you are afraid. Don’t be afraid of him,’ says Yahweh: ‘for I am with you to save you, and to deliver you from his hand.

12I will grant you mercy, that he may have mercy on you, and cause you to return to your own land.

13“‘But if you say, “We will not dwell in this land;” so that you don’t obey Yahweh your God’s voice,

14saying, “No; but we will go into the land of Egypt, where we will see no war, nor hear the sound of the trumpet, nor have hunger of bread; and there will we dwell:”’

15now therefore hear Yahweh’s word, O remnant of Judah: Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, says, ‘If you indeed set your faces to enter into Egypt, and go to live there;

16then it will happen that the sword, which you fear, will overtake you there in the land of Egypt; and the famine, about which you are afraid, will follow close behind you there in Egypt; and you will die there.

17So will it be with all the men who set their faces to go into Egypt to live there. They will die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence. None of them will remain or escape from the evil that I will bring on them.’

18For Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, says: ‘As my anger and my wrath has been poured out on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so my wrath will be poured out on you, when you enter into Egypt; and you will be an object of horror, an astonishment, a curse, and a reproach; and you will see this place no more.’

19“Yahweh has spoken concerning you, remnant of Judah, ‘Don’t go into Egypt!’ Know certainly that I have testified to you today.

20For you have dealt deceitfully against your own souls; for you sent me to Yahweh your God, saying, ‘Pray for us to Yahweh our God; and according to all that Yahweh our God says, so declare to us, and we will do it.’

21I have declared it to you today; but you have not obeyed Yahweh your God’s voice in anything for which he has sent me to you.

22Now therefore know certainly that you will die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence in the place where you desire to go to live there.”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

The remnant, including Johanan, asks Jeremiah to seek God's guidance, promising in advance to obey whatever answer comes, whether favorable or not (vv. 1-6). After ten days, Jeremiah delivers God's response: remain in the land and God will build them up and show them mercy from the king of Babylon, but if they go to Egypt, the very sword and famine they fear will overtake them there instead (vv. 7-17). Jeremiah confronts them directly, accusing them of having already decided to go to Egypt and merely deceiving themselves by asking for guidance they never intended to follow, since they had claimed they would obey and now will not (vv. 19-22).

Authorship & Background

Author: Jeremiah son of Hilkiah (see Chapter 1 notes for full details).
Classification: Historical Narrative + Prophetic Oracle — The Egypt Decision
Key Themes: Asking for God's guidance with no intention of following it, the 10-day wait for God's word, stay vs. go to Egypt, God promising to REPLANT if they stay, the people's pre-decided hearts
Historical Context: After Gedaliah's assassination, the remnant gathers near Bethlehem planning to flee to Egypt. They approach Jeremiah asking for divine guidance — promising to obey whatever God says (vv.5-6). Jeremiah prays for 10 days before receiving an answer. God's word is clear: Stay in the land. Don't fear Babylon — "I will have mercy... and cause you to return." But if you go to Egypt, the sword/famine/pestilence you fear will follow you there. Jeremiah discerns their true intention: they've already decided to go. They asked God's opinion with no intention of following it. This is one of Scripture's clearest examples of seeking God's guidance as a rubber stamp for a pre-made decision.
Pray for Us, and We Will Obey (vv.1-6): The whole company comes to Jeremiah with a request that could hardly be better put, pray for us, that the LORD thy God may shew us the way wherein we may walk, and the thing that we may do. And they attach an undertaking with no escape clause in it, whether it be good, or whether it be evil, we will obey the voice of the LORD our God, and they call God to witness the undertaking, the LORD be a true and faithful witness between us. Chapter 43 is the reason this section has to be read carefully. There is nothing wrong with any of the wording. The next chapter shows what it was worth.
Ten Days (v.7): One verse, and it came to pass after ten days, that the word of the LORD came unto Jeremiah. It is the only interval of its kind recorded in the book. A column of frightened refugees waiting on a road with a reprisal expected behind them, and the answer takes ten days to arrive, which says something about how these words were understood to come. Not on request.
If Ye Abide in This Land (vv.8-12): The answer is to stay, and it is put in the verbs of the commission in chapter 1 used constructively for once, if ye will still abide in this land, then will I build you, and not pull you down, and I will plant you, and not pluck you up. What it asks them to surrender is a fear rather than a plan, be not afraid of the king of Babylon, of whom ye are afraid, for I am with you to save you. And then a promise about the enemy's disposition, I will shew mercies unto you, that he may have mercy upon you, and cause you to return to your own land.
If Ye Say, We Will Go into Egypt (vv.13-18): The alternative is set out with the people's own reasoning quoted inside it, we will go into the land of Egypt, where we shall see no war, nor hear the sound of the trumpet, nor have hunger of bread. The reply follows the logic of their sentence rather than contradicting it, the sword which ye feared shall overtake you there in the land of Egypt, and the famine whereof ye were afraid shall follow close after you. Everything they are running from is described as waiting at the destination.
Ye Dissembled in Your Hearts (vv.19-22): The tone changes before anyone has answered, and this is the sharpest thing in the chapter. Know certainly that I have admonished you this day, for ye dissembled in your hearts, when ye sent me unto the LORD your God, saying, Pray for us. He tells them, ahead of their reply, that the question had been settled before it was asked. Now therefore know certainly that ye shall die by the sword. He is not taken in by the excellent wording of verses 1 to 6, and he says so before the disobedience rather than after it.

Map & Geography

  • Babylon (v.11): Capital of the Babylonian empire; place of Judah's exile (modern Iraq).
  • Egypt (v.14, v.15, v.16): Land to the southwest; place of Israel's bondage and exodus.
  • Jerusalem (v.18): Capital of Judah; the holy city where the Temple stood.

Places on this map

  • Babylonnear Hillah, IraqOn the Euphrates about 55 miles south of modern Baghdad. Judah's exiles were marched roughly 900 miles to get here, the long way round the Arabian desert, which is why the journey took months and the return was a genuine undertaking rather than a short trip home. Wikipedia
  • EgyptEgyptA ribbon of irrigated land along the Nile, ending in the Delta where Israel settled in Goshen. Rain-fed Canaan depended on weather; Egypt depended on a river that flooded on schedule, which made it the place everyone went when the harvest failed. Wikipedia
  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Jeremiah 42 - Bible Study, Explanation, and Application
2BeLikeChrist

Jeremiah Among the Remnant in the Land - Jeremiah 40-42
David Guzik

Jeremiah 40-44 | Judah Vanishes | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Jeremiah -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Promising to Obey Before Hearing the Answer (v.6) — The remnant tells Jeremiah they'll obey whatever God says, good or bad, but their hearts are already set on Egypt. Have you ever asked God for direction while already having made up your mind about what you were going to do?
  • Ten Days Before an Answer Comes (v.7) — Jeremiah waits ten full days in prayer before God responds. When God is slow to answer you, does your persistence in waiting reveal genuine seeking, or does your patience run out?
  • An Offer to Rebuild That Gets Refused (v.10) — God offers to build up and replant this small remnant if they'll stay in the land, but they've already decided to run. What is God offering to build in your life that you might be walking away from out of fear?
  • Running Toward the Very Danger You're Fleeing (v.16) — God warns that the sword and hardship they fear in Judah will follow them to Egypt. Where might you be trying to outrun a problem by changing your circumstances rather than by trusting God where you are?