John — Chapter 20
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1Early on the first day of the week, while it was still dark, Mary Magdalene went to the tomb and saw that the stone had been removed from the entrance.
2So she came running to Simon Peter and the other disciple, the one whom Jesus loved. “They have taken the Lord out of the tomb,” she said, “and we do not know where they have put Him!”
3Then Peter and the other disciple set out for the tomb.
4The two were running together, but the other disciple outran Peter and reached the tomb first.
5He bent down and looked in at the linen cloths lying there, but he did not go in.
6Simon Peter arrived just after him. He entered the tomb and saw the linen cloths lying there.
7The cloth that had been around Jesus’ head was rolled up, lying separate from the linen cloths.
8Then the other disciple, who had reached the tomb first, also went in. And he saw and believed.
9For they still did not understand from the Scripture that Jesus had to rise from the dead.
10Then the disciples returned to their homes.
11But Mary stood outside the tomb weeping. And as she wept, she bent down to look into the tomb,
12and she saw two angels in white sitting where the body of Jesus had lain, one at the head and the other at the feet.
13“Woman, why are you weeping?” they asked. “Because they have taken my Lord away,” she said, “and I do not know where they have put Him.”
14When she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing there. But she did not recognize that it was Jesus.
15“Woman, why are you weeping?” Jesus asked. “Whom are you seeking?” Thinking He was the gardener, she said, “Sir, if you have carried Him off, tell me where you have put Him, and I will get Him.”
16Jesus said to her, “Mary.” She turned and said to Him in Hebrew, “Rabboni!” (which means “Teacher”).
17“Do not cling to Me,” Jesus said, “for I have not yet ascended to the Father. But go and tell My brothers, ‘I am ascending to My Father and your Father, to My God and your God.’”
18Mary Magdalene went and announced to the disciples, “I have seen the Lord!” And she told them what He had said to her.
19It was the first day of the week, and that very evening, while the disciples were together with the doors locked for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood among them. “Peace be with you!” He said to them.
20After He had said this, He showed them His hands and His side. The disciples rejoiced when they saw the Lord.
21Again Jesus said to them, “Peace be with you. As the Father has sent Me, so also I am sending you.”
22When He had said this, He breathed on them and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit.
23If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you withhold forgiveness from anyone, it is withheld.”
24Now Thomas called Didymus, one of the Twelve, was not with the disciples when Jesus came.
25So the other disciples told him, “We have seen the Lord!” But he replied, “Unless I see the nail marks in His hands, and put my finger where the nails have been, and put my hand into His side, I will never believe.”
26Eight days later, His disciples were once again inside with the doors locked, and Thomas was with them. Jesus came and stood among them and said, “Peace be with you.”
27Then Jesus said to Thomas, “Put your finger here and look at My hands. Reach out your hand and put it into My side. Stop doubting and believe.”
28Thomas replied, “My Lord and my God!”
29Jesus said to him, “Because you have seen Me, you have believed; blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed.”
30Jesus performed many other signs in the presence of His disciples, which are not written in this book.
31But these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in His name.
1The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.
2Then she runneth, and cometh to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple, whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them, They have taken away the Lord out of the sepulchre, and we know not where they have laid him.
3Peter therefore went forth, and that other disciple, and came to the sepulchre.
4So they ran both together: and the other disciple did outrun Peter, and came first to the sepulchre.
5And he stooping down, and looking in, saw the linen clothes lying; yet went he not in.
6Then cometh Simon Peter following him, and went into the sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes lie,
7And the napkin, that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place by itself.
8Then went in also that other disciple, which came first to the sepulchre, and he saw, and believed.
9For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise again from the dead.
10Then the disciples went away again unto their own home.
11But Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping: and as she wept, she stooped down, and looked into the sepulchre,
12And seeth two angels in white sitting, the one at the head, and the other at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain.
13And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away my Lord, and I know not where they have laid him.
14And when she had thus said, she turned herself back, and saw Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus.
15Jesus saith unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou? She, supposing him to be the gardener, saith unto him, Sir, if thou have borne him hence, tell me where thou hast laid him, and I will take him away.
16Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which is to say, Master.
17Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God.
18Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had spoken these things unto her.
19Then the same day at evening, being the first day of the week, when the doors were shut where the disciples were assembled for fear of the Jews, came Jesus and stood in the midst, and saith unto them, Peace be unto you.
20And when he had so said, he shewed unto them his hands and his side. Then were the disciples glad, when they saw the Lord.
21Then said Jesus to them again, Peace be unto you: as my Father hath sent me, even so send I you.
22And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and saith unto them, Receive ye the Holy Ghost:
23Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.
24But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came.
25The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.
26And after eight days again his disciples were within, and Thomas with them: then came Jesus, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you.
27Then saith he to Thomas, reach hither thy finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing.
28And Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God.
29Jesus saith unto him, Thomas, because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed.
30And many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book:
31But these are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have life through his name.
1Now on the first [day] of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, while it was yet dark, unto the tomb, and seeth the stone taken away from the tomb.
2She runneth therefore, and cometh to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them, They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we know not where they have laid him.
3Peter therefore went forth, and the other disciple, and they went toward the tomb.
4And they ran both together: and the other disciple outran Peter, and came first to the tomb;
5and stooping and looking in, he seeth the linen cloths lying; yet entered he not in.
6Simon Peter therefore also cometh, following him, and entered into the tomb; and he beholdeth the linen cloths lying,
7and the napkin, that was upon his head, not lying with the linen cloths, but rolled up in a place by itself.
8Then entered in therefore the other disciple also, who came first to the tomb, and he saw, and believed.
9For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise from the dead.
10So the disciples went away again unto their own home.
11But Mary was standing without at the tomb weeping: so, as she wept, she stooped and looked into the tomb;
12and she beholdeth two angels in white sitting, one at the head, and one at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain.
13And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away my Lord, and I know not where they have laid him.
14When she had thus said, she turned herself back, and beholdeth Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus.
15Jesus saith unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou? She, supposing him to be the gardener, saith unto him, Sir, if thou hast borne him hence, tell me where thou hast laid him, and I will take him away.
16Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turneth herself, and saith unto him in Hebrew, Rabboni; which is to say, Teacher.
17Jesus saith to her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended unto the Father: but go unto my brethren, and say to them, I ascend unto my Father and your Father, and my God and your God.
18Mary Magdalene cometh and telleth the disciples, I have seen the Lord; and [that] he had said these things unto her.
19When therefore it was evening, on that day, the first [day] of the week, and when the doors were shut where the disciples were, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in the midst, and saith unto them, Peace [be] unto you.
20And when he had said this, he showed unto them his hands and his side. The disciples therefore were glad, when they saw the Lord.
21Jesus therefore said to them again, Peace [be] unto you: as the Father hath sent me, even so send I you.
22And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and saith unto them, Receive ye the Holy Spirit:
23whose soever sins ye forgive, they are forgiven unto them; whose soever [sins] ye retain, they are retained.
24But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came.
25The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe.
26And after eight days again his disciples were within, and Thomas with them. Jesus cometh, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace [be] unto you.
27Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and see my hands; and reach [hither] thy hand, and put it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing.
28Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God.
29Jesus saith unto him, Because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed [are] they that have not seen, and [yet] have believed.
30Many other signs therefore did Jesus in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book:
31but these are written, that ye may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye may have life in his name.
1Now very early on the first day of the week, while it was still dark, Mary Magdalene came to the tomb and saw that the stone had been moved away from the entrance.
2So she went running to Simon Peter and the other disciple whom Jesus loved and told them, “They have taken the Lord from the tomb, and we don’t know where they have put him!”
3Then Peter and the other disciple set out to go to the tomb.
4The two were running together, but the other disciple ran faster than Peter and reached the tomb first.
5He bent down and saw the strips of linen cloth lying there, but he did not go in.
6Then Simon Peter, who had been following him, arrived and went right into the tomb. He saw the strips of linen cloth lying there,
7and the face cloth, which had been around Jesus’ head, not lying with the strips of linen cloth but rolled up in a place by itself.
8Then the other disciple, who had reached the tomb first, came in, and he saw and believed.
9(For they did not yet understand the scripture that Jesus must rise from the dead.)
10So the disciples went back to their homes.
11But Mary stood outside the tomb weeping. As she wept, she bent down and looked into the tomb.
12And she saw two angels in white sitting where Jesus’ body had been lying, one at the head and one at the feet.
13They said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping?” Mary replied, “They have taken my Lord away, and I do not know where they have put him!”
14When she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing there, but she did not know that it was Jesus.
15Jesus said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping? Who are you looking for?” Because she thought he was the gardener, she said to him, “Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have put him, and I will take him.”
16Jesus said to her, “Mary.” She turned and said to him in Aramaic, “Rabboni” (which means “Teacher”).
17Jesus replied, “Do not touch me, for I have not yet ascended to my Father. Go to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’”
18Mary Magdalene came and informed the disciples, “I have seen the Lord!” And she told them what Jesus had said to her.
19On the evening of that day, the first day of the week, the disciples had gathered together and locked the doors of the place because they were afraid of the Jewish leaders. Jesus came and stood among them and said to them, “Peace be with you.”
20When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his side. Then the disciples rejoiced when they saw the Lord.
21So Jesus said to them again, “Peace be with you. Just as the Father has sent me, I also send you.”
22And after he said this, he breathed on them and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit.
23If you forgive anyone’s sins, they are forgiven; if you retain anyone’s sins, they are retained.”
24Now Thomas (called Didymus), one of the twelve, was not with them when Jesus came.
25The other disciples told him, “We have seen the Lord!” But he replied, “Unless I see the wounds from the nails in his hands, and put my finger into the wounds from the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will never believe it!”
26Eight days later the disciples were again together in the house, and Thomas was with them. Although the doors were locked, Jesus came and stood among them and said, “Peace be with you!”
27Then he said to Thomas, “Put your finger here, and examine my hands. Extend your hand and put it into my side. Do not continue in your unbelief, but believe.”
28Thomas replied to him, “My Lord and my God!”
29Jesus said to him, “Have you believed because you have seen me? Blessed are the people who have not seen and yet have believed.”
30Now Jesus performed many other miraculous signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not recorded in this book.
31But these are recorded so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.
1Now on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene went early, while it was still dark, to the tomb, and saw the stone taken away from the tomb.
2Therefore she ran and came to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple whom Jesus loved, and said to them, “They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we don’t know where they have laid him!”
3Therefore Peter and the other disciple went out, and they went toward the tomb.
4They both ran together. The other disciple outran Peter, and came to the tomb first.
5Stooping and looking in, he saw the linen cloths lying, yet he didn’t enter in.
6Then Simon Peter came, following him, and entered into the tomb. He saw the linen cloths lying,
7and the cloth that had been on his head, not lying with the linen cloths, but rolled up in a place by itself.
8So then the other disciple who came first to the tomb also entered in, and he saw and believed.
9For as yet they didn’t know the Scripture, that he must rise from the dead.
10So the disciples went away again to their own homes.
11But Mary was standing outside at the tomb weeping. So, as she wept, she stooped and looked into the tomb,
12and she saw two angels in white sitting, one at the head, and one at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain.
13They told her, “Woman, why are you weeping?” She said to them, “Because they have taken away my Lord, and I don’t know where they have laid him.”
14When she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing, and didn’t know that it was Jesus.
15Jesus said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping? Who are you looking for?” She, supposing him to be the gardener, said to him, “Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have laid him, and I will take him away.”
16Jesus said to her, “Mary.” She turned and said to him, “Rabboni!” which is to say, “Teacher!”
17Jesus said to her, “Don’t hold me, for I haven’t yet ascended to my Father; but go to my brothers, and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’”
18Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had said these things to her.
19When therefore it was evening, on that day, the first day of the week, and when the doors were locked where the disciples were assembled, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in the middle, and said to them, “Peace be to you.”
20When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his side. The disciples therefore were glad when they saw the Lord.
21Jesus therefore said to them again, “Peace be to you. As the Father has sent me, even so I send you.”
22When he had said this, he breathed on them, and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit!
23If you forgive anyone’s sins, they have been forgiven them. If you retain anyone’s sins, they have been retained.”
24But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, wasn’t with them when Jesus came.
25The other disciples therefore said to him, “We have seen the Lord!” But he said to them, “Unless I see in his hands the print of the nails, put my finger into the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe.”
26After eight days again his disciples were inside, and Thomas was with them. Jesus came, the doors being locked, and stood in the middle, and said, “Peace be to you.”
27Then he said to Thomas, “Reach here your finger, and see my hands. Reach here your hand, and put it into my side. Don’t be unbelieving, but believing.”
28Thomas answered him, “My Lord and my God!”
29Jesus said to him, “Because you have seen me, you have believed. Blessed are those who have not seen, and have believed.”
30Therefore Jesus did many other signs in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book;
31but these are written, that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name.
Summary
Mary Magdalene finds the tomb empty early on the first day of the week and runs to tell Peter and the disciple Jesus loved, who race to the tomb and find the linen wrappings but no body (vv. 1-9). After the two disciples leave, Mary lingers weeping and encounters the risen Jesus, whom she initially mistakes for the gardener until He calls her by name; He instructs her to tell the disciples He is ascending to the Father (vv. 11-18). That evening Jesus appears to the disciples behind locked doors, showing them His wounds, granting them peace, and breathing the Holy Spirit on them as He commissions them (vv. 19-23). Thomas, absent that night, refuses to believe without physical proof, but a week later Jesus appears again and invites Thomas to touch His wounds, prompting Thomas's confession, "My Lord and my God" (vv. 24-28). Jesus responds by blessing those who believe without seeing, and John closes the chapter explaining that his Gospel was written so readers would believe Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and have life in His name (vv. 29-31).
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
- The tomb near Golgotha (v.1): Mary Magdalene came to the tomb "while it was yet dark" on the first day of the week. The tomb was in a garden near Golgotha.
- The room where the disciples gathered (v.19): A room in Jerusalem where the disciples locked themselves in for fear of the Jews. Jesus appeared to them here.
Places on this map
- CalvaryChurch of the Holy Sepulchre, JerusalemGolgotha, place of a skull, was an outcrop of rock beside a road just outside the city wall of the time, next to a disused quarry used for tombs. The wall was later extended, which is why the traditional site now sits inside the Old City. Wikipedia
- JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik examines the evidence of the empty tomb, Mary's encounter with the risen Jesus, the significance of "Do not cling to me" (v.17), Thomas' doubt and confession, and the purpose statement of the Gospel.
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
- Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.
Videos
Articles
- GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org 'If you forgive anyone's sins' -- what authority is being given and to whom.
- GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of John -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.
Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.
Reflection
- Evidence That Produced Belief (v.8) — John sees the burial cloths left behind and believes, even before he fully understood what the resurrection meant. What evidence for the resurrection is most compelling to you personally?
- Known by Name (v.16) — Jesus speaks Mary's name and her grief turns instantly to recognition and joy. How does being personally known by the risen Christ change how you bring your own pain to him?
- Sent With a Mission (v.21) — Jesus tells his disciples that just as the Father sent him, he now sends them into the world. Where specifically has God sent you — your workplace, your neighborhood, your family — as your mission field?
- Doubt Met With Evidence, Not Rebuke (v.25) — Thomas states exactly what he needs to believe, and Jesus meets him there rather than shaming him for asking. What doubts or questions are you avoiding instead of bringing honestly to Christ?
- The Deepest Confession in the Gospel (v.28) — Thomas' honest doubt, once answered, produces the fullest declaration of Jesus' identity in John's account. How does seeing doubt lead to deeper faith change the way you view your own uncertain seasons?
- Blessed Without Having Seen (v.29) — Jesus pronounces a blessing on those who believe without physically witnessing him, a blessing that includes you. What is the foundation of your belief in the resurrection today?