John — Chapter 4

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1When Jesus realized that the Pharisees were aware He was gaining and baptizing more disciples than John

2(although it was not Jesus who baptized, but His disciples),

3He left Judea and returned to Galilee.

4Now He had to pass through Samaria.

5So He came to a town of Samaria called Sychar, near the plot of ground that Jacob had given to his son Joseph.

6Since Jacob’s well was there, Jesus, weary from His journey, sat down by the well. It was about the sixth hour.

7When a Samaritan woman came to draw water, Jesus said to her, “Give Me a drink.”

8(His disciples had gone into the town to buy food.)

9“You are a Jew,” said the woman. “How can You ask for a drink from me, a Samaritan woman?” (For Jews do not associate with Samaritans.)

10Jesus answered, “If you knew the gift of God and who is asking you for a drink, you would have asked Him, and He would have given you living water.”

11“Sir,” the woman replied, “You have nothing to draw with and the well is deep. Where then will You get this living water?

12Are You greater than our father Jacob, who gave us this well and drank from it himself, as did his sons and his livestock?”

13Jesus said to her, “Everyone who drinks this water will be thirsty again.

14But whoever drinks the water I give him will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give him will become in him a fount of water springing up to eternal life.”

15The woman said to Him, “Sir, give me this water so that I will not get thirsty and have to keep coming here to draw water.”

16Jesus told her, “Go, call your husband and come back.”

17“I have no husband,” the woman replied. Jesus said to her, “You are correct to say that you have no husband.

18In fact, you have had five husbands, and the man you now have is not your husband. You have spoken truthfully.”

19“Sir,” the woman said, “I see that You are a prophet.

20Our fathers worshiped on this mountain, but you Jews say that the place where one must worship is in Jerusalem.”

21“Believe Me, woman,” Jesus replied, “a time is coming when you will worship the Father neither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem.

22You worship what you do not know; we worship what we do know, for salvation is from the Jews.

23But a time is coming and has now come when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and in truth, for the Father is seeking such as these to worship Him.

24God is Spirit, and His worshipers must worship Him in spirit and in truth.”

25The woman said, “I know that Messiah” (called Christ) “is coming. When He comes, He will explain everything to us.”

26Jesus answered, “I who speak to you am He.”

27Just then His disciples returned and were surprised that He was speaking with a woman. But no one asked Him, “What do You want from her?” or “Why are You talking with her?”

28Then the woman left her water jar, went back into the town, and said to the people,

29“Come, see a man who told me everything I ever did. Could this be the Christ?”

30So they left the town and made their way toward Jesus.

31Meanwhile the disciples urged Him, “Rabbi, eat something.”

32But He told them, “I have food to eat that you know nothing about.”

33So the disciples asked one another, “Could someone have brought Him food?”

34Jesus explained, “My food is to do the will of Him who sent Me and to finish His work.

35Do you not say, ‘There are still four months until the harvest’? I tell you, lift up your eyes and look at the fields, for they are ripe for harvest.

36Already the reaper draws his wages and gathers a crop for eternal life, so that the sower and the reaper may rejoice together.

37For in this case the saying ‘One sows and another reaps’ is true.

38I sent you to reap what you have not worked for; others have done the hard work, and now you have taken up their labor.”

39Many of the Samaritans from that town believed in Jesus because of the woman’s testimony, “He told me everything I ever did.”

40So when the Samaritans came to Him, they asked Him to stay with them, and He stayed two days.

41And many more believed because of His message.

42They said to the woman, “We now believe not only because of your words; we have heard for ourselves, and we know that this man truly is the Savior of the world.”

43After two days, Jesus left for Galilee.

44Now He Himself had testified that a prophet has no honor in his own hometown.

45Yet when He arrived, the Galileans welcomed Him. They had seen all the great things He had done in Jerusalem at the feast, for they had gone there as well.

46So once again He came to Cana in Galilee, where He had turned the water into wine. And there was a royal official whose son lay sick at Capernaum.

47When he heard that Jesus had come from Judea to Galilee, he went and begged Him to come down and heal his son, who was about to die.

48Jesus said to him, “Unless you people see signs and wonders, you will never believe.”

49“Sir,” the official said, “come down before my child dies.”

50“Go,” said Jesus. “Your son will live.” The man took Jesus at His word and departed.

51And while he was still on the way, his servants met him with the news that his boy was alive.

52So he inquired as to the hour when his son had recovered, and they told him, “The fever left him yesterday at the seventh hour.”

53Then the father realized that this was the very hour in which Jesus had told him, “Your son will live.” And he and all his household believed.

54This was now the second sign that Jesus performed after coming from Judea into Galilee.

1When therefore the Lord knew how the Pharisees had heard that Jesus made and baptized more disciples than John,

2(Though Jesus himself baptized not, but his disciples,)

3He left Judaea, and departed again into Galilee.

4And he must needs go through Samaria.

5Then cometh he to a city of Samaria, which is called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph.

6Now Jacob’s well was there. Jesus therefore, being wearied with his journey, sat thus on the well: and it was about the sixth hour.

7There cometh a woman of Samaria to draw water: Jesus saith unto her, Give me to drink.

8(For his disciples were gone away unto the city to buy meat.)

9Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans.

10Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith to thee, Give me to drink; thou wouldest have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water.

11The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to draw with, and the well is deep: from whence then hast thou that living water?

12Art thou greater than our father Jacob, which gave us the well, and drank thereof himself, and his children, and his cattle?

13Jesus answered and said unto her, Whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again:

14But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life.

15The woman saith unto him, Sir, give me this water, that I thirst not, neither come hither to draw.

16Jesus saith unto her, Go, call thy husband, and come hither.

17The woman answered and said, I have no husband. Jesus said unto her, Thou hast well said, I have no husband:

18For thou hast had five husbands; and he whom thou now hast is not thy husband: in that saidst thou truly.

19The woman saith unto him, Sir, I perceive that thou art a prophet.

20Our fathers worshipped in this mountain; and ye say, that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship.

21Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the hour cometh, when ye shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father.

22Ye worship ye know not what: we know what we worship: for salvation is of the Jews.

23But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father seeketh such to worship him.

24God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth.

25The woman saith unto him, I know that Messias cometh, which is called Christ: when he is come, he will tell us all things.

26Jesus saith unto her, I that speak unto thee am he.

27And upon this came his disciples, and marvelled that he talked with the woman: yet no man said, What seekest thou? or, Why talkest thou with her?

28The woman then left her waterpot, and went her way into the city, and saith to the men,

29Come, see a man, which told me all things that ever I did: is not this the Christ?

30Then they went out of the city, and came unto him.

31In the mean while his disciples prayed him, saying, Master, eat.

32But he said unto them, I have meat to eat that ye know not of.

33Therefore said the disciples one to another, Hath any man brought him ought to eat?

34Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work.

35Say not ye, There are yet four months, and then cometh harvest? behold, I say unto you, Lift up your eyes, and look on the fields; for they are white already to harvest.

36And he that reapeth receiveth wages, and gathereth fruit unto life eternal: that both he that soweth and he that reapeth may rejoice together.

37And herein is that saying true, One soweth, and another reapeth.

38I sent you to reap that whereon ye bestowed no labour: other men laboured, and ye are entered into their labours.

39And many of the Samaritans of that city believed on him for the saying of the woman, which testified, He told me all that ever I did.

40So when the Samaritans were come unto him, they besought him that he would tarry with them: and he abode there two days.

41And many more believed because of his own word;

42And said unto the woman, Now we believe, not because of thy saying: for we have heard him ourselves, and know that this is indeed the Christ, the Saviour of the world.

43Now after two days he departed thence, and went into Galilee.

44For Jesus himself testified, that a prophet hath no honour in his own country.

45Then when he was come into Galilee, the Galilaeans received him, having seen all the things that he did at Jerusalem at the feast: for they also went unto the feast.

46So Jesus came again into Cana of Galilee, where he made the water wine. And there was a certain nobleman, whose son was sick at Capernaum.

47When he heard that Jesus was come out of Judaea into Galilee, he went unto him, and besought him that he would come down, and heal his son: for he was at the point of death.

48Then said Jesus unto him, Except ye see signs and wonders, ye will not believe.

49The nobleman saith unto him, Sir, come down ere my child die.

50Jesus saith unto him, Go thy way; thy son liveth. And the man believed the word that Jesus had spoken unto him, and he went his way.

51And as he was now going down, his servants met him, and told him, saying, Thy son liveth.

52Then enquired he of them the hour when he began to amend. And they said unto him, Yesterday at the seventh hour the fever left him.

53So the father knew that it was at the same hour, in the which Jesus said unto him, Thy son liveth: and himself believed, and his whole house.

54This is again the second miracle that Jesus did, when he was come out of Judaea into Galilee.

1When therefore the Lord knew that the Pharisees had heard that Jesus was making and baptizing more disciples than John

2(although Jesus himself baptized not, but his disciples),

3he left Judea, and departed again into Galilee.

4And he must needs pass through Samaria.

5So he cometh to a city of Samaria, called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph:

6and Jacob`s well was there. Jesus therefore, being wearied with his journey, sat thus by the well. It was about the sixth hour.

7There cometh a woman of Samaria to draw water: Jesus saith unto her, Give me to drink.

8For his disciples were gone away into the city to buy food.

9The Samaritan woman therefore saith unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, who am a Samaritan woman? (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.)

10Jesus answered and said unto unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith to thee, Give me to drink; thou wouldest have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water.

11The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to draw with, and the well is deep: whence then hast thou that living water?

12Art thou greater than our father Jacob, who gave us the well, and drank thereof himself, and his sons, and his cattle?

13Jesus answered and said unto her, Every one that drinketh of this water shall thirst again:

14but whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall become in him a well of water springing up unto eternal life.

15The woman saith unto him, Sir, give me this water, that I thirst not, neither come all the way hither to draw.

16Jesus saith unto her, Go, call thy husband, and come hither.

17The woman answered and said unto him, I have no husband. Jesus saith unto her, Thou saidst well, I have no husband:

18for thou hast had five husbands; and he whom thou now hast is not thy husband: this hast thou said truly.

19The woman saith unto him, Sir, I perceive that thou art a prophet.

20Our fathers worshipped in this mountain; and ye say, that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship.

21Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the hour cometh, when neither in this mountain, nor in Jerusalem, shall ye worship the Father.

22Ye worship that which ye know not: we worship that which we know; for salvation is from the Jews.

23But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and truth: for such doth the Father seek to be his worshippers.

24God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship in spirit and truth.

25The woman saith unto him, I know that Messiah cometh (he that is called Christ): when he is come, he will declare unto us all things.

26Jesus saith unto her, I that speak unto thee am [he].

27And upon this came his disciples; and they marvelled that he was speaking with a woman; yet no man said, What seekest thou? or, Why speakest thou with her?

28So the woman left her waterpot, and went away into the city, and saith to the people,

29Come, see a man, who told me all things that [ever] I did: can this be the Christ?

30They went out of the city, and were coming to him.

31In the mean while the disciples prayed him, saying, Rabbi, eat.

32But he said unto them, I have meat to eat that ye know not.

33The disciples therefore said one to another, Hath any man brought him [aught] to eat?

34Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to accomplish his work.

35Say not ye, There are yet four months, and [then] cometh the harvest? behold, I say unto you, Lift up your eyes, and look on the fields, that they are white already unto harvest.

36He that reapeth receiveth wages, and gathereth fruit unto life eternal; that he that soweth and he that reapeth may rejoice together.

37For herein is the saying true, One soweth, and another reapeth.

38I sent you to reap that whereon ye have not labored: others have labored, and ye are entered into their labor.

39And from that city many of the Samaritans believed on him because of the word of the woman, who testified, He told me all things that [ever] I did.

40So when the Samaritans came unto him, they besought him to abide with them: and he abode there two days.

41And many more believed because of his word;

42and they said to the woman, Now we believe, not because of thy speaking: for we have heard for ourselves, and know that this is indeed the Saviour of the world.

43And after the two days he went forth from thence into Galilee.

44For Jesus himself testified, that a prophet hath no honor in his own country.

45So when he came into Galilee, the Galilaeans received him, having seen all the things that he did in Jerusalem at the feast: for they also went unto the feast.

46He came therefore again unto Cana of Galilee, where he made the water wine. And there was a certain nobleman, whose son was sick at Capernaum.

47When he heard that Jesus was come out of Judaea into Galilee, he went unto him, and besought [him] that he would come down, and heal his son; for he was at the point of death.

48Jesus therefore said unto him, Except ye see signs and wonders, ye will in no wise believe.

49The nobleman saith unto him, Sir, come down ere my child die.

50Jesus saith unto him, Go thy way; thy son liveth. The man believed the word that Jesus spake unto him, and he went his way.

51And as he was now going down, his servants met him, saying, that his son lived.

52So he inquired of them the hour when he began to amend. They said therefore unto him, Yesterday at the seventh hour the fever left him.

53So the father knew that [it was] at that hour in which Jesus said unto him, Thy son liveth: and himself believed, and his whole house.

54This is again the second sign that Jesus did, having come out of Judaea into Galilee.

1Now when Jesus knew that the Pharisees had heard that he was winning and baptizing more disciples than John

2(although Jesus himself was not baptizing, but his disciples were),

3he left Judea and set out once more for Galilee.

4But he had to pass through Samaria.

5Now he came to a Samaritan town called Sychar, near the plot of land that Jacob had given to his son Joseph.

6Jacob’s well was there, so Jesus, since he was tired from the journey, sat right down beside the well. It was about noon.

7A Samaritan woman came to draw water. Jesus said to her, “Give me some water to drink.”

8(For his disciples had gone off into the town to buy supplies.)

9So the Samaritan woman said to him, “How can you—a Jew—ask me, a Samaritan woman, for water to drink?” (For Jews use nothing in common with Samaritans.)

10Jesus answered her, “If you had known the gift of God and who it is who said to you, ‘Give me some water to drink,’ you would have asked him, and he would have given you living water.”

11“Sir,” the woman said to him, “you have no bucket and the well is deep; where then do you get this living water?

12Surely you’re not greater than our ancestor Jacob, are you? For he gave us this well and drank from it himself, along with his sons and his livestock.”

13Jesus replied, “Everyone who drinks some of this water will be thirsty again.

14But whoever drinks some of the water that I will give him will never be thirsty again, but the water that I will give him will become in him a fountain of water springing up to eternal life.”

15The woman said to him, “Sir, give me this water, so that I will not be thirsty or have to come here to draw water.”

16He said to her, “Go call your husband and come back here.”

17The woman replied, “I have no husband.” Jesus said to her, “Right you are when you said, ‘I have no husband,’

18for you have had five husbands, and the man you are living with now is not your husband. This you said truthfully!”

19The woman said to him, “Sir, I see that you are a prophet.

20Our fathers worshiped on this mountain, and you people say that the place where people must worship is in Jerusalem.”

21Jesus said to her, “Believe me, woman, a time is coming when you will worship the Father neither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem.

22You people worship what you do not know. We worship what we know because salvation is from the Jews.

23But a time is coming—and now is here—when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for the Father seeks such people to be his worshipers.

24God is spirit, and the people who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”

25The woman said to him, “I know that Messiah is coming” (the one called Christ); “whenever he comes, he will tell us everything.”

26Jesus said to her, “I, the one speaking to you, am he.”

27Now at that very moment his disciples came back. They were shocked because he was speaking with a woman. However, no one said, “What do you want?” or “Why are you speaking with her?”

28Then the woman left her water jar, went off into the town and said to the people,

29“Come, see a man who told me everything I ever did. Surely he can’t be the Messiah, can he?”

30So they left the town and began coming to him.

31Meanwhile the disciples were urging him, “Rabbi, eat something.”

32But he said to them, “I have food to eat that you know nothing about.”

33So the disciples began to say to one another, “No one brought him anything to eat, did they?”

34Jesus said to them, “My food is to do the will of the one who sent me and to complete his work.

35Don’t you say, ‘There are four more months and then comes the harvest?’ I tell you, look up and see that the fields are already white for harvest!

36The one who reaps receives pay and gathers fruit for eternal life, so that the one who sows and the one who reaps can rejoice together.

37For in this instance the saying is true, ‘One sows and another reaps.’

38I sent you to reap what you did not work for; others have labored and you have entered into their labor.”

39Now many Samaritans from that town believed in him because of the report of the woman who testified, “He told me everything I ever did.”

40So when the Samaritans came to him, they began asking him to stay with them. He stayed there two days,

41and because of his word many more believed.

42They said to the woman, “No longer do we believe because of your words, for we have heard for ourselves, and we know that this one really is the Savior of the world.”

43After the two days he departed from there to Galilee.

44(For Jesus himself had testified that a prophet has no honor in his own country.)

45So when he came to Galilee, the Galileans welcomed him because they had seen all the things he had done in Jerusalem at the feast (for they themselves had gone to the feast).

46Now he came again to Cana in Galilee where he had made the water wine. In Capernaum there was a certain royal official whose son was sick.

47When he heard that Jesus had come back from Judea to Galilee, he went to him and begged him to come down and heal his son, who was about to die.

48So Jesus said to him, “Unless you people see signs and wonders you will never believe!”

49“Sir,” the official said to him, “come down before my child dies.”

50Jesus told him, “Go home; your son will live.” The man believed the word that Jesus spoke to him, and set off for home.

51While he was on his way down, his slaves met him and told him that his son was going to live.

52So he asked them the time when his condition began to improve, and they told him, “Yesterday at one o’clock in the afternoon the fever left him.”

53Then the father realized that it was the very time Jesus had said to him, “Your son will live,” and he himself believed along with his entire household.

54Jesus did this as his second miraculous sign when he returned from Judea to Galilee.

1Therefore when the Lord knew that the Pharisees had heard that Jesus was making and baptizing more disciples than John

2(although Jesus himself didn’t baptize, but his disciples),

3he left Judea, and departed into Galilee.

4He needed to pass through Samaria.

5So he came to a city of Samaria, called Sychar, near the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son, Joseph.

6Jacob’s well was there. Jesus therefore, being tired from his journey, sat down by the well. It was about the sixth hour.

7A woman of Samaria came to draw water. Jesus said to her, “Give me a drink.”

8For his disciples had gone away into the city to buy food.

9The Samaritan woman therefore said to him, “How is it that you, being a Jew, ask for a drink from me, a Samaritan woman?” (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.)

10Jesus answered her, “If you knew the gift of God, and who it is who says to you, ‘Give me a drink,’ you would have asked him, and he would have given you living water.”

11The woman said to him, “Sir, you have nothing to draw with, and the well is deep. So where do you get that living water?

12Are you greater than our father, Jacob, who gave us the well, and drank of it himself, as did his children, and his livestock?”

13Jesus answered her, “Everyone who drinks of this water will thirst again,

14but whoever drinks of the water that I will give him will never thirst again; but the water that I will give him will become in him a well of water springing up to eternal life.”

15The woman said to him, “Sir, give me this water, so that I don’t get thirsty, neither come all the way here to draw.”

16Jesus said to her, “Go, call your husband, and come here.”

17The woman answered, “I have no husband.” Jesus said to her, “You said well, ‘I have no husband,’

18for you have had five husbands; and he whom you now have is not your husband. This you have said truly.”

19The woman said to him, “Sir, I perceive that you are a prophet.

20Our fathers worshiped in this mountain, and you Jews say that in Jerusalem is the place where people ought to worship.”

21Jesus said to her, “Woman, believe me, the hour comes, when neither in this mountain, nor in Jerusalem, will you worship the Father.

22You worship that which you don’t know. We worship that which we know; for salvation is from the Jews.

23But the hour comes, and now is, when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for the Father seeks such to be his worshipers.

24God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”

25The woman said to him, “I know that Messiah comes, he who is called Christ. When he has come, he will declare to us all things.”

26Jesus said to her, “I am he, the one who speaks to you.”

27At this, his disciples came. They marveled that he was speaking with a woman; yet no one said, “What are you looking for?” or, “Why do you speak with her?”

28So the woman left her water pot, and went away into the city, and said to the people,

29“Come, see a man who told me everything that I did. Can this be the Christ?”

30They went out of the city, and were coming to him.

31In the meanwhile, the disciples urged him, saying, “Rabbi, eat.”

32But he said to them, “I have food to eat that you don’t know about.”

33The disciples therefore said to one another, “Has anyone brought him something to eat?”

34Jesus said to them, “My food is to do the will of him who sent me, and to accomplish his work.

35Don’t you say, ‘There are yet four months until the harvest?’ Behold, I tell you, lift up your eyes, and look at the fields, that they are white for harvest already.

36He who reaps receives wages, and gathers fruit to eternal life; that both he who sows and he who reaps may rejoice together.

37For in this the saying is true, ‘One sows, and another reaps.’

38I sent you to reap that for which you haven’t labored. Others have labored, and you have entered into their labor.”

39From that city many of the Samaritans believed in him because of the word of the woman, who testified, “He told me everything that I did.”

40So when the Samaritans came to him, they begged him to stay with them. He stayed there two days.

41Many more believed because of his word.

42They said to the woman, “Now we believe, not because of your speaking; for we have heard for ourselves, and know that this is indeed the Christ, the Savior of the world.”

43After the two days he went out from there and went into Galilee.

44For Jesus himself testified that a prophet has no honor in his own country.

45So when he came into Galilee, the Galileans received him, having seen all the things that he did in Jerusalem at the feast, for they also went to the feast.

46Jesus came therefore again to Cana of Galilee, where he made the water into wine. There was a certain nobleman whose son was sick at Capernaum.

47When he heard that Jesus had come out of Judea into Galilee, he went to him, and begged him that he would come down and heal his son, for he was at the point of death.

48Jesus therefore said to him, “Unless you see signs and wonders, you will in no way believe.”

49The nobleman said to him, “Sir, come down before my child dies.”

50Jesus said to him, “Go your way. Your son lives.” The man believed the word that Jesus spoke to him, and he went his way.

51As he was now going down, his servants met him and reported, saying “Your child lives!”

52So he inquired of them the hour when he began to get better. They said therefore to him, “Yesterday at the seventh hour, the fever left him.”

53So the father knew that it was at that hour in which Jesus said to him, “Your son lives.” He believed, as did his whole house.

54This is again the second sign that Jesus did, having come out of Judea into Galilee.

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Summary

Traveling through Samaria, Jesus stops at Jacob's well and asks a Samaritan woman for water, crossing both ethnic and gender barriers of His day (vv. 1-9). He offers her living water that becomes a spring welling up to eternal life, then reveals His knowledge of her five past husbands, prompting her to recognize Him as a prophet (vv. 10-19). When she raises the question of proper worship, Jesus explains that true worshippers will worship the Father in spirit and truth rather than at a particular location, and openly identifies Himself as the Messiah (vv. 20-26). She returns to her town and many Samaritans come to believe in Jesus, some confessing Him as the Savior of the world (vv. 28-42). The chapter closes with Jesus healing a royal official's son from a distance, His second sign in Galilee (vv. 46-54).

Authorship & Background

Author: The Apostle John (see Chapter 1 notes for full authorship details).
Classification: Gospel — Narrative and Discourse
Key Themes: A route taken through Samaria by necessity, a request for water from a woman at the wrong hour, worship relocated from a mountain to spirit and truth, a harvest already white, and a healing at a distance
Historical Context: Chapter 4 records two encounters that demonstrate Jesus crossing major cultural boundaries — the Samaritan woman at the well, and the healing of a Roman official's son.
Through Samaria by Necessity (vv.1-6): He must needs go through Samaria, which was geographically the direct route and socially the avoided one. The hostility went back to 722 BC, when Assyria resettled the northern kingdom with foreign peoples who intermarried with those remaining, producing a mixed people with a mixed religion that Jews treated as unclean. Jacob's well still exists near Nablus and is around a hundred feet deep. He sits there at the sixth hour, being wearied with his journey.
Give Me to Drink (vv.7-15): Noon was not when respectable women drew water, and her being there alone at that hour hints at isolation before anything is said about her life. The request crosses three boundaries at once — a Jew asking a Samaritan, a man asking a woman, a teacher asking a person of no standing — and she says so. The conversation turns on living water, which she hears as a labor-saving-saving offer and he means as something else.
Thou Hast Had Five Husbands (vv.16-19): The pivot is a request that seems to change the subject: go, call thy husband. Her answer is technically true and incomplete, and what follows is stated without commentary or rebuke. Five husbands and a present arrangement that is not marriage. Her response is not shame but recognition — sir, I perceive that thou art a prophet.
In Spirit and in Truth (vv.20-26): She raises the standing dispute about the right mountain, which may be deflection or may be the real question of her life. The answer relocates worship rather than settling the geography: the hour cometh when neither in Jerusalem nor in this mountain, but in spirit and in truth. Then the plainest self-disclosure in the Gospels so far, made to a Samaritan woman rather than to the Sanhedrin: I that speak unto thee am he.
The Fields Are White (vv.27-38): The disciples return with lunch and are startled that he is talking to her, and John notes that none of them asked why. Meanwhile she leaves her waterpot — a small detail that says she is not coming straight back. His answer about meat they know not of leads into the harvest image, and the point of v.35 is timing: not four months off, but white already.
Many Believed in Sychar (vv.39-42): Her testimony brings the town out, and the Gospel is careful about the sequence. Many believed because of her word, and then more believed because they heard him themselves, and they say so — now we believe, not because of thy saying. Her witness was sufficient to start and not meant to be the end. He stays two days, which for a Jewish teacher in Samaria is the most remarkable line in the passage.
The Nobleman's Son (vv.43-54): Back in Galilee, a royal official asks him to come down before his child dies, and the healing happens without the visit — go thy way, thy son liveth. The man believed the word and set off, and the servants' report matched the hour exactly. John calls it the second miracle in Galilee and the point of pairing it with Cana is faith acting on a word alone.

Map & Geography

  • Samaria / Sychar (v.5): Jesus passed through Samaria (the region between Judea and Galilee) and stopped at Jacob's well near the town of Sychar (modern Askar), at the foot of Mount Gerizim.
  • Mount Gerizim (v.20): The Samaritan holy mountain where they built a rival temple. The woman references this in her question about worship.
  • Cana of Galilee (v.46): Jesus returned to Cana where He healed the nobleman's son at a distance — the boy was in Capernaum, about 16 miles away.

Places on this map

  • SamariaSebastia, West BankOmri bought a bare hill and built a capital on it, which gave the northern kingdom a fortress with no prior claim on it, the same calculation David made with Jerusalem. It commands the pass west toward the coastal plain. The name later spread to the whole region between Galilee and Judea. Wikipedia
  • Galileenorthern IsraelThe northern hill country above the Jezreel Valley, wetter and greener than Judah and crossed by the trade road to Damascus. That traffic is why Judeans considered it mixed and provincial, and why Jesus grew up hearing more than one language. Wikipedia
  • CapernaumKfar Nahum, IsraelA fishing village on the north-west shore of the Sea of Galilee, on the road running from the coast to Damascus. A customs post and a garrison explain the tax collector and the centurion; the harbour and the synagogue explain why Jesus made it his base. Wikipedia
  • Judeasouthern Israel and the West BankThe southern hill country around Jerusalem, high, stony and dry, with the wilderness on one side and the Philistine plain on the other. Poor farming and hard access are what let it stay independent longest. Wikipedia
  • Mount GerizimNablus, West BankThe southern side of the same pass and the mountain of blessing. Samaritans built their temple on it and still worship there, which is the this mountain of the woman at the well. Wikipedia
  • CanaKhirbet Qana, IsraelA Galilean village a few miles north of Nazareth, site of the first sign. Two candidate locations compete and neither is settled. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik examines the cultural significance of Jesus speaking to a Samaritan woman, the meaning of "living water," the woman's five husbands, and the harvest imagery in vv.35-38.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

John 4 | The Woman at the Well | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

God the Son Revealed as Living Water - John 4:1-26
David Guzik

God the Son Revealed as the Savior of the World - John 4:27-42
David Guzik

Revealed as Worth Believing - John 4:43-54
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of John -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Living Water (v.10) — Jesus offers a woman with a broken past something she can't get from another relationship or ritual: water that satisfies for good. Where are you trying to fill a lasting thirst with something that can only offer temporary relief?
  • Worship in Spirit and Truth (v.24) — Jesus redirects a debate about the right worship location to the condition of the heart itself. Is your own worship genuine and grounded in who God actually is, or has it become routine and performance-based?
  • Food to Do His Will (v.34) — Jesus says His deepest sustenance comes from doing the Father's will, not from physical food. What is the driving purpose of your life, and how does it compare to that kind of singular focus?
  • Believing for Yourself (v.42) — The Samaritans moved from believing because of the woman's testimony to believing because they encountered Jesus themselves. Are you helping people get close enough to encounter Christ personally, or just relaying what you've heard about Him?
  • Trusting the Word Before Seeing (v.50) — The nobleman believed Jesus' word and went home before he ever saw his son healed. Where is God asking you to act on His word before you have the evidence in hand?