Judges — Chapter 13
Loading ESV text...
1And the children of Israel did evil again in the sight of the LORD; and the LORD delivered them into the hand of the Philistines forty years.
2And there was a certain man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was Manoah; and his wife was barren, and bare not.
3And the angel of the LORD appeared unto the woman, and said unto her, Behold now, thou art barren, and bearest not: but thou shalt conceive, and bear a son.
4Now therefore beware, I pray thee, and drink not wine nor strong drink, and eat not any unclean thing:
5For, lo, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son; and no razor shall come on his head: for the child shall be a Nazarite unto God from the womb: and he shall begin to deliver Israel out of the hand of the Philistines.
6Then the woman came and told her husband, saying, A man of God came unto me, and his countenance was like the countenance of an angel of God, very terrible: but I asked him not whence he was, neither told he me his name:
7But he said unto me, Behold, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son; and now drink no wine nor strong drink, neither eat any unclean thing: for the child shall be a Nazarite to God from the womb to the day of his death.
8Then Manoah intreated the LORD, and said, O my Lord, let the man of God which thou didst send come again unto us, and teach us what we shall do unto the child that shall be born.
9And God hearkened to the voice of Manoah; and the angel of God came again unto the woman as she sat in the field: but Manoah her husband was not with her.
10And the woman made haste, and ran, and shewed her husband, and said unto him, Behold, the man hath appeared unto me, that came unto me the other day.
11And Manoah arose, and went after his wife, and came to the man, and said unto him, Art thou the man that spakest unto the woman? And he said, I am.
12And Manoah said, Now let thy words come to pass. How shall we order the child, and how shall we do unto him?
13And the angel of the LORD said unto Manoah, Of all that I said unto the woman let her beware.
14She may not eat of any thing that cometh of the vine, neither let her drink wine or strong drink, nor eat any unclean thing: all that I commanded her let her observe.
15And Manoah said unto the angel of the LORD, I pray thee, let us detain thee, until we shall have made ready a kid for thee.
16And the angel of the LORD said unto Manoah, Though thou detain me, I will not eat of thy bread: and if thou wilt offer a burnt offering, thou must offer it unto the LORD. For Manoah knew not that he was an angel of the LORD.
17And Manoah said unto the angel of the LORD, What is thy name, that when thy sayings come to pass we may do thee honour?
18And the angel of the LORD said unto him, Why askest thou thus after my name, seeing it is secret?
19So Manoah took a kid with a meat offering, and offered it upon a rock unto the LORD: and the angel did wonderously; and Manoah and his wife looked on.
20For it came to pass, when the flame went up toward heaven from off the altar, that the angel of the LORD ascended in the flame of the altar. And Manoah and his wife looked on it, and fell on their faces to the ground.
21But the angel of the LORD did no more appear to Manoah and to his wife. Then Manoah knew that he was an angel of the LORD.
22And Manoah said unto his wife, We shall surely die, because we have seen God.
23But his wife said unto him, If the LORD were pleased to kill us, he would not have received a burnt offering and a meat offering at our hands, neither would he have shewed us all these things, nor would as at this time have told us such things as these.
24And the woman bare a son, and called his name Samson: and the child grew, and the LORD blessed him.
25And the Spirit of the LORD began to move him at times in the camp of Dan between Zorah and Eshtaol.
1And the children of Israel again did that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah; and Jehovah delivered them into the hand of the Philistines forty years.
2And there was a certain man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was Manoah; and his wife was barren, and bare not.
3And the angel of Jehovah appeared unto the woman, and said unto her, Behold now, thou art barren, and bearest not; but thou shalt conceive, and bear a son.
4Now therefore beware, I pray thee, and drink no wine nor strong drink, and eat not any unclean thing:
5for, lo, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son; and no razor shall come upon his head; for the child shall be a Nazirite unto God from the womb: and he shall begin to save Israel out of the hand of the Philistines.
6Then the woman came and told her husband, saying, A man of God came unto me, and his countenance was like the countenance of the angel of God, very terrible; and I asked him not whence he was, neither told he me his name:
7but he said unto me, Behold, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son; and now drink no wine nor strong drink, and eat not any unclean thing; for the child shall be a Nazirite unto God from the womb to the day of his death.
8Then Manoah entreated Jehovah, and said, Oh, Lord, I pray thee, let the man of God whom thou didst send come again unto us, and teach us what we shall do unto the child that shall be born.
9And God hearkened to the voice of Manoah; and the angel of God came again unto the woman as she sat in the field: but Manoah her husband was not with her.
10And the woman made haste, and ran, and told her husband, and said unto him, Behold, the man hath appeared unto me, that came unto me the [other] day.
11And Manoah arose, and went after his wife, and came to the man, and said unto him, Art thou the man that spakest unto the woman? And he said, I am.
12And Manoah said, Now let thy words come to pass: what shall be the ordering of the child, and [how] shall we do unto him?
13And the angel of Jehovah said unto Manoah, Of all that I said unto the woman let her beware.
14She may not eat of anything that cometh of the vine, neither let her drink wine or strong drink, nor eat any unclean thing; all that I commanded her let her observe.
15And Manoah said unto the angel of Jehovah, I pray thee, let us detain thee, that we may make ready a kid for thee.
16And the angel of Jehovah said unto Manoah, Though thou detain me, I will not eat of thy bread; and if thou wilt make ready a burnt-offering, thou must offer it unto Jehovah. For Manoah knew not that he was the angel of Jehovah.
17And Manoah said unto the angel of Jehovah, What is thy name, that, when thy words come to pass, we may do thee honor?
18And the angel of Jehovah said unto him, Wherefore askest thou after my name, seeing it is wonderful?
19So Manoah took the kid with the meal-offering, and offered it upon the rock unto Jehovah: and [the angel] did wondrously, and Manoah and his wife looked on.
20For it came to pass, when the flame went up toward heaven from off the altar, that the angel of Jehovah ascended in the flame of the altar: and Manoah and his wife looked on; and they fell on their faces to the ground.
21But the angel of Jehovah did no more appear to Manoah or to his wife. Then Manoah knew that he was the angel of Jehovah.
22And Manoah said unto his wife, We shall surely die, because we have seen God.
23But his wife said unto him, If Jehovah were pleased to kill us, he would not have received a burnt-offering and a meal-offering at our hand, neither would he have showed us all these things, nor would at this time have told such things as these.
24And the woman bare a son, and called his name Samson: and the child grew, and Jehovah blessed him.
25And the Spirit of Jehovah began to move him in Mahaneh-dan, between Zorah and Eshtaol.
1The Israelites again did evil in the Lord’s sight, so the Lord handed them over to the Philistines for 40 years.
2There was a man named Manoah from Zorah, from the Danite tribe. His wife was infertile and childless.
3The angel of the Lord appeared to the woman and said to her, “You are infertile and childless, but you will conceive and have a son.
4Now be careful! Do not drink wine or beer, and do not eat any food that will make you ritually unclean.
5Look, you will conceive and have a son. You must never cut his hair, for the child will be dedicated to God from birth. He will begin to deliver Israel from the power of the Philistines.”
6The woman went and said to her husband, “A man sent from God came to me! He looked like God’s angel—he was very awesome. I did not ask him where he came from, and he did not tell me his name.
7He said to me, ‘Look, you will conceive and have a son. So now, do not drink wine or beer and do not eat any food that will make you ritually unclean. For the child will be dedicated to God from birth till the day he dies.’”
8Manoah prayed to the Lord, “Please, Lord, allow the man sent from God to visit us again, so he can teach us how we should raise the child who will be born.”
9God answered Manoah’s prayer. God’s angel visited the woman again while she was sitting in the field. But her husband Manoah was not with her.
10The woman ran at once and told her husband, “Come quickly, the man who visited me the other day has appeared to me!”
11So Manoah got up and followed his wife. When he met the man, he said to him, “Are you the man who spoke to my wife?” He said, “Yes.”
12Manoah said, “Now, when your announcement comes true, how should the child be raised and what should he do?”
13The angel of the Lord told Manoah, “Your wife should pay attention to everything I told her.
14She should not drink anything that the grapevine produces. She must not drink wine or beer, and she must not eat any food that will make her ritually unclean. She should obey everything I commanded her to do.”
15Manoah said to the angel of the Lord, “Please stay here awhile, so we can prepare a young goat for you to eat.”
16The angel of the Lord said to Manoah, “If I stay, I will not eat your food. But if you want to make a burnt sacrifice to the Lord, you should offer it.” (He said this because Manoah did not know that he was the angel of the Lord.)
17Manoah said to the angel of the Lord, “Tell us your name, so we can honor you when your announcement comes true.”
18The angel of the Lord said to him, “You should not ask me my name because you cannot comprehend it.”
19Manoah took a young goat and a grain offering and offered them on a rock to the Lord. The Lord’s messenger did an amazing thing as Manoah and his wife watched.
20As the flame went up from the altar toward the sky, the angel of the Lord went up in it while Manoah and his wife watched. They fell facedown to the ground.
21The angel of the Lord did not appear again to Manoah and his wife. After all this happened Manoah realized that the visitor had been the angel of the Lord.
22Manoah said to his wife, “We will certainly die because we have seen a supernatural being!”
23But his wife said to him, “If the Lord wanted to kill us, he would not have accepted the burnt offering and the grain offering from us. He would not have shown us all these things or have spoken to us like this just now.”
24Manoah’s wife gave birth to a son and named him Samson. The child grew and the Lord empowered him.
25The Lord’s Spirit began to control him in Mahaneh Dan between Zorah and Eshtaol.
1The children of Israel again did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight; and Yahweh delivered them into the hand of the Philistines forty years.
2There was a certain man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was Manoah; and his wife was barren, and childless.
3Yahweh’s angel appeared to the woman, and said to her, “See now, you are barren and childless; but you shall conceive, and bear a son.
4Now therefore please beware and drink no wine nor strong drink, and don’t eat any unclean thing:
5for, behold, you shall conceive, and give birth to a son. No razor shall come on his head; for the child shall be a Nazirite to God from the womb. He shall begin to save Israel out of the hand of the Philistines.”
6Then the woman came and told her husband, saying, “A man of God came to me, and his face was like the face of the angel of God, very awesome. I didn’t ask him where he was from, neither did he tell me his name;
7but he said to me, ‘Behold, you shall conceive, and bear a son; and now drink no wine nor strong drink. Don’t eat any unclean thing; for the child shall be a Nazirite to God from the womb to the day of his death.’”
8Then Manoah entreated Yahweh, and said, “Oh, Lord, please let the man of God whom you sent come again to us, and teach us what we should do to the child who shall be born.”
9God listened to the voice of Manoah, and the angel of God came again to the woman as she sat in the field, but Manoah, her husband, wasn’t with her.
10The woman hurried and ran, and told her husband, and said to him, “Behold, the man who came to me that day has appeared to me,”
11Manoah arose, and followed his wife, and came to the man, and said to him, “Are you the man who spoke to my wife?” He said, “I am.”
12Manoah said, “Now let your words happen. What shall the child’s way of life and mission be?”
13Yahweh’s angel said to Manoah, “Of all that I said to the woman let her beware.
14She may not eat of anything that comes of the vine, neither let her drink wine or strong drink, nor eat any unclean thing. Let her observe all that I commanded her.”
15Manoah said to Yahweh’s angel, “Please stay with us, that we may make a young goat ready for you.”
16Yahweh’s angel said to Manoah, “Though you detain me, I won’t eat your bread. If you will prepare a burnt offering, you must offer it to Yahweh.” For Manoah didn’t know that he was Yahweh’s angel.
17Manoah said to Yahweh’s angel, “What is your name, that when your words happen, we may honor you?”
18Yahweh’s angel said to him, “Why do you ask about my name, since it is incomprehensible?”
19So Manoah took the young goat with the meal offering, and offered it on the rock to Yahweh. Then the angel did an amazing thing as Manoah and his wife watched.
20For when the flame went up toward the sky from off the altar, Yahweh’s angel ascended in the flame of the altar. Manoah and his wife watched; and they fell on their faces to the ground.
21But Yahweh’s angel didn’t appear to Manoah or to his wife any more. Then Manoah knew that he was Yahweh’s angel.
22Manoah said to his wife, “We shall surely die, because we have seen God.”
23But his wife said to him, “If Yahweh were pleased to kill us, he wouldn’t have received a burnt offering and a meal offering at our hand, and he wouldn’t have shown us all these things, nor would he have told us such things as these at this time.”
24The woman bore a son, and named him Samson. The child grew, and Yahweh blessed him.
25Yahweh’s Spirit began to move him in Mahaneh Dan, between Zorah and Eshtaol.
Summary
The Angel of the LORD appears to Manoah's barren wife, announcing she will bear a son—Samson—who will be a Nazirite from the womb. The child is born and the Spirit of the LORD begins to stir him.
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
- Zorah and Eshtaol: Towns in Dan's territory on the border with Philistia — Samson's homeland (Shephelah/western foothills)
- Mahaneh-dan: "Camp of Dan" between Zorah and Eshtaol — where the Spirit first stirs Samson
- The Danite region sits on the frontier between Israelite highlands and the Philistine coastal plain
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik notes the absence of Israel's cry — they have become comfortable in oppression. He emphasizes that Manoah's wife shows greater faith and perception than her husband throughout the chapter. The Angel's name "Wonderful" connects this theophany to the Messianic prophecy of Isaiah 9:6.
- Charles Spurgeon: "The Angel's name is 'Wonderful' — secret, incomprehensible, beyond human grasp. This is Christ before Bethlehem — the eternal Son appearing in temporary form. His name cannot be contained in human language because His nature cannot be contained in human thought. He is wonderful in His person, wonderful in His works, wonderful in His grace. Ask not His name — worship His nature."
Reflection
- 1. God works even when His people don't cry out (v.1). Unlike previous cycles, Israel does not cry to God — yet God still initiates deliverance. His grace is not dependent on our asking. He moves even when we have become comfortable in our bondage.
- 2. God's name is "Wonderful" — beyond comprehension (v.18). We cannot fully know God — He transcends our categories. This should produce humility in our theology and wonder in our worship. The God we serve is always greater than our understanding of Him.
- 3. A wife's faith can exceed her husband's (vv.22-23). Manoah fears death; his wife reasons from God's actions to God's intentions. She demonstrates superior theological logic. God speaks to her first and she perceives more clearly. Spiritual insight is not determined by gender but by faith.
- 4. "He shall BEGIN to deliver" (v.5). Samson's mission is partial — he starts what others will finish. Not every calling is to complete the work. Some are called to begin, others to continue, others to finish. Faithfulness is measured by obedience to YOUR assignment, not by completing the entire task.
- 5. Great potential does not guarantee great faithfulness. Samson has everything: divine announcement, Nazirite consecration, the Spirit's stirring, supernatural strength. Yet his story will be one of wasted potential and moral failure. Privilege does not ensure obedience. The greater the gift, the greater the responsibility — and the greater the tragedy when it is squandered.