Judges — Chapter 18
Loading ESV text...
1In those days there was no king in Israel, and the tribe of the Danites was looking for territory to occupy. For up to that time they had not come into an inheritance among the tribes of Israel.
2So the Danites sent out five men from their clans, men of valor from Zorah and Eshtaol, to spy out the land and explore it. “Go and explore the land,” they told them. The men entered the hill country of Ephraim and came to the house of Micah, where they spent the night.
3And while they were near Micah’s house, they recognized the voice of the young Levite; so they went over and asked him, “Who brought you here? What are you doing in this place? Why are you here?”
4“Micah has done this and that for me,” he replied, “and he has hired me to be his priest.”
5Then they said to him, “Please inquire of God to determine whether we will have a successful journey.”
6And the priest told them, “Go in peace. The LORD is watching over your journey.”
7So the five men departed and came to Laish, where they saw that the people were living securely, like the Sidonians, quiet and unsuspecting. There was nothing lacking in the land and no oppressive ruler. And they were far away from the Sidonians and had no alliance with anyone.
8When the men returned to Zorah and Eshtaol, their brothers asked them, “What did you find?”
9They answered, “Come on, let us go up against them, for we have seen the land, and it is very good. Why would you fail to act? Do not hesitate to go there and take possession of the land!
10When you enter, you will come to an unsuspecting people and a spacious land, for God has delivered it into your hand. It is a place where nothing on earth is lacking.”
11So six hundred Danites departed from Zorah and Eshtaol, armed with weapons of war.
12They went up and camped at Kiriath-jearim in Judah. That is why the place west of Kiriath-jearim is called Mahaneh-dan to this day.
13And from there they traveled to the hill country of Ephraim and came to Micah’s house.
14Then the five men who had gone to spy out the land of Laish said to their brothers, “Did you know that one of these houses has an ephod, household gods, a graven image, and a molten idol? Now think about what you should do.”
15So they turned aside there and went to the home of the young Levite, the house of Micah, and greeted him.
16The six hundred Danites stood at the entrance of the gate, armed with their weapons of war.
17And the five men who had gone to spy out the land went inside and took the graven image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molten idol, while the priest stood at the entrance of the gate with the six hundred armed men.
18When they entered Micah’s house and took the graven image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molten idol, the priest said to them, “What are you doing?”
19“Be quiet,” they told him. “Put your hand over your mouth and come with us and be a father and a priest to us. Is it better for you to be a priest for the house of one person or a priest for a tribe and family in Israel?”
20So the priest was glad and took the ephod, the household idols, and the graven image, and went with the people.
21Putting their small children, their livestock, and their possessions in front of them, they turned and departed.
22After they were some distance from Micah’s house, the men in the houses near Micah’s house mobilized and overtook the Danites.
23When they called out after them, the Danites turned to face them and said to Micah, “What is the matter with you that you have called out such a company?”
24He replied, “You took the gods I had made, and my priest, and went away. What else do I have? How can you say to me, ‘What is the matter with you?’”
25The Danites said to him, “Do not raise your voice against us, or angry men will attack you, and you and your family will lose your lives.”
26So the Danites went on their way, and Micah turned to go back home, because he saw that they were too strong for him.
27After they had taken Micah’s idols and his priest, they went to Laish, to a quiet and unsuspecting people, and they struck them with their swords and burned down the city.
28There was no one to deliver them, because the city was far from Sidon and had no alliance with anyone; it was in a valley near Beth-rehob. And the Danites rebuilt the city and lived there.
29They named it Dan, after their forefather Dan, who was born to Israel—though the city was formerly named Laish.
30The Danites set up idols for themselves, and Jonathan son of Gershom, the son of Moses, and his sons were priests for the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land.
31So they set up for themselves Micah’s graven image, and it was there the whole time the house of God was in Shiloh.
1In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day all their inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel.
2And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their coasts, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land: who when they came to mount Ephraim, to the house of Micah, they lodged there.
3When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite: and they turned in thither, and said unto him, Who brought thee hither? and what makest thou in this place? and what hast thou here?
4And he said unto them, Thus and thus dealeth Micah with me, and hath hired me, and I am his priest.
5And they said unto him, Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous.
6And the priest said unto them, Go in peace: before the LORD is your way wherein ye go.
7Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; and there was no magistrate in the land, that might put them to shame in any thing; and they were far from the Zidonians, and had no business with any man.
8And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye?
9And they said, Arise, that we may go up against them: for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good: and are ye still? be not slothful to go, and to enter to possess the land.
10When ye go, ye shall come unto a people secure, and to a large land: for God hath given it into your hands; a place where there is no want of any thing that is in the earth.
11And there went from thence of the family of the Danites, out of Zorah and out of Eshtaol, six hundred men appointed with weapons of war.
12And they went up, and pitched in Kirjath-jearim, in Judah: wherefore they called that place Mahaneh-dan unto this day: behold, it is behind Kirjath-jearim.
13And they passed thence unto mount Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah.
14Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren, Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do.
15And they turned thitherward, and came to the house of the young man the Levite, even unto the house of Micah, and saluted him.
16And the six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war, which were of the children of Dan, stood by the entering of the gate.
17And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men that were appointed with weapons of war.
18And these went into Micah’s house, and fetched the carved image, the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image. Then said the priest unto them, What do ye?
19And they said unto him, Hold thy peace, lay thine hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest: is it better for thee to be a priest unto the house of one man, or that thou be a priest unto a tribe and a family in Israel?
20And the priest’s heart was glad, and he took the ephod, and the teraphim, and the graven image, and went in the midst of the people.
21So they turned and departed, and put the little ones and the cattle and the carriage before them.
22And when they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men that were in the houses near to Micah’s house were gathered together, and overtook the children of Dan.
23And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?
24And he said, Ye have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and ye are gone away: and what have I more? and what is this that ye say unto me, What aileth thee?
25And the children of Dan said unto him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows run upon thee, and thou lose thy life, with the lives of thy household.
26And the children of Dan went their way: and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back unto his house.
27And they took the things which Micah had made, and the priest which he had, and came unto Laish, unto a people that were at quiet and secure: and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and burnt the city with fire.
28And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they had no business with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Beth-rehob. And they built a city, and dwelt therein.
29And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born unto Israel: howbeit the name of the city was Laish at the first.
30And the children of Dan set up the graven image: and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, he and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land.
31And they set them up Micah’s graven image, which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.
1In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day [their] inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel.
2And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their whole number, men of valor, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land. And they came to the hill-country of Ephraim, unto the house of Micah, and lodged there.
3When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite; and they turned aside thither, and said unto him, Who brought thee hither? and what doest thou in this place? and what hast thou here?
4And he said unto them, Thus and thus hath Micah dealt with me, and he hath hired me, and I am become his priest.
5And they said unto him, Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous.
6And the priest said unto them, Go in peace: before Jehovah is your way wherein ye go.
7Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt in security, after the manner of the Sidonians, quiet and secure; for there was none in the land, possessing authority, that might put [them] to shame in anything, and they were far from the Sidonians, and had no dealings with any man.
8And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What [say] ye?
9And they said, Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good: and are ye still? be not slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land.
10When ye go, ye shall come unto a people secure, and the land is large; for God hath given it into your hand, a place where there is no want of anything that is in the earth.
11And there set forth from thence of the family of the Danites, out of Zorah and out of Eshtaol, six hundred men girt with weapons of war.
12And they went up, and encamped in Kiriath-jearim, in Judah: wherefore they called that place Mahaneh-dan, unto this day; behold, it is behind Kiriath-jearim.
13And they passed thence unto the hill-country of Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah.
14Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren, Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do.
15And they turned aside thither, and came to the house of the young man the Levite, even unto the house of Micah, and asked him of his welfare.
16And the six hundred men girt with their weapons of war, who were of the children of Dan, stood by the entrance of the gate.
17And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men girt with weapons of war.
18And when these went into Micah`s house, and fetched the graven image, the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image, the priest said unto them, What do ye?
19And they said unto him, Hold thy peace, lay thy hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest: is it better for thee to be priest unto the house of one man, or to be priest unto a tribe and a family in Israel?
20And the priest`s heart was glad, and he took the ephod, and the teraphim, and the graven image, and went in the midst of the people.
21So they turned and departed, and put the little ones and the cattle and the goods before them.
22When they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men that were in the houses near to Micah`s house were gathered together, and overtook the children of Dan.
23And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?
24And he said, ye have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and are gone away, and what have I more? and how then say ye unto me, What aileth thee?
25And the children of Dan said unto him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows fall upon you, and thou lose thy life, with the lives of thy household.
26And the children of Dan went their way: and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back unto his house.
27And they took that which Micah had made, and the priest whom he had, and came unto Laish, unto a people quiet and secure, and smote them with the edge of the sword; and they burnt the city with fire.
28And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Sidon, and they had no dealings with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Beth-rehob. And they built the city, and dwelt therein.
29And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born unto Israel: howbeit the name of the city was Laish at the first.
30And the children of Dan set up for themselves the graven image: and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Moses, he and his sons were priests to the tribe of the Danites until the day of the captivity of the land.
31So they set them up Micah`s graven image which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.
1In those days Israel had no king. And in those days the Danite tribe was looking for a place to settle because at that time they did not yet have a place to call their own among the tribes of Israel.
2The Danites sent out from their whole tribe five representatives, capable men from Zorah and Eshtaol, to spy out the land and explore it. They said to them, “Go, explore the land.” They came to the Ephraimite hill country and spent the night at Micah’s house.
3As they approached Micah’s house, they recognized the accent of the young Levite. So they stopped there and said to him, “Who brought you here? What are you doing in this place? What is your business here?”
4He told them what Micah had done for him, saying, “He hired me, and I became his priest.”
5They said to him, “Seek a divine oracle for us, so we can know if we will be successful on our mission.”
6The priest said to them, “Go with confidence. The Lord will be with you on your mission.”
7So the five men journeyed on and arrived in Laish. They noticed that the people there were living securely, like the Sidonians do, undisturbed and unsuspecting. No conqueror was troubling them in any way. They lived far from the Sidonians and had no dealings with anyone.
8When the Danites returned to their tribe in Zorah and Eshtaol, their kinsmen asked them, “How did it go?”
9They said, “Come on, let’s attack them, for we saw their land and it is very good. You seem lethargic, but don’t hesitate to invade and conquer the land.
10When you invade, you will encounter unsuspecting people. The land is wide! God is handing it over to you—a place that lacks nothing on earth!”
11So 600 Danites, fully armed, set out from Zorah and Eshtaol.
12They went up and camped in Kiriath Jearim in Judah. (To this day that place is called Camp of Dan. It is west of Kiriath Jearim.)
13From there they traveled through the Ephraimite hill country and arrived at Micah’s house.
14The five men who had gone to spy out the land of Laish said to their kinsmen, “Do you realize that inside these houses are an ephod, some personal idols, a carved image, and a metal image? Decide now what you want to do.”
15They stopped there, went inside the young Levite’s house (which belonged to Micah), and asked him how he was doing.
16Meanwhile the 600 Danites, fully armed, stood at the entrance to the gate.
17The five men who had gone to spy out the land broke in and stole the carved image, the ephod, the personal idols, and the metal image, while the priest was standing at the entrance to the gate with the 600 fully armed men.
18When these men broke into Micah’s house and stole the carved image, the ephod, the personal idols, and the metal image, the priest said to them, “What are you doing?”
19They said to him, “Shut up! Put your hand over your mouth and come with us! You can be our adviser and priest. Wouldn’t it be better to be a priest for a whole Israelite tribe than for just one man’s family?”
20The priest was happy. He took the ephod, the personal idols, and the carved image and joined the group.
21They turned and went on their way, but they walked behind the children, the cattle, and their possessions.
22After they had gone a good distance from Micah’s house, Micah’s neighbors gathered together and caught up with the Danites.
23When they called out to the Danites, the Danites turned around and said to Micah, “Why have you gathered together?”
24He said, “You stole my gods that I made, as well as this priest, and then went away. What do I have left? How can you have the audacity to say to me, ‘What do you want?’”
25The Danites said to him, “Don’t say another word to us, or some very angry men will attack you, and you and your family will die.”
26The Danites went on their way; when Micah realized they were too strong to resist, he turned around and went home.
27Now the Danites took what Micah had made, as well as his priest, and came to Laish, where the people were undisturbed and unsuspecting. They struck them down with the sword and burned the city.
28No one came to the rescue because the city was far from Sidon and they had no dealings with anyone. The city was in a valley near Beth Rehob. The Danites rebuilt the city and occupied it.
29They named it Dan after their ancestor, who was one of Israel’s sons. But the city’s name used to be Laish.
30The Danites worshiped the carved image. Jonathan, descendant of Gershom, son of Moses, and his descendants served as priests for the tribe of Dan until the time of the exile.
31They worshiped Micah’s carved image the whole time God’s authorized shrine was in Shiloh.
1In those days there was no king in Israel. In those days the tribe of the Danites sought an inheritance to dwell in; for to that day, their inheritance had not fallen to them among the tribes of Israel.
2The children of Dan sent five men of their family from their whole number, men of valor, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it. They said to them, “Go, explore the land!” They came to the hill country of Ephraim, to the house of Micah, and lodged there.
3When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite; so they went over there, and said to him, “Who brought you here? What do you do in this place? What do you have here?”
4He said to them, “Thus and thus has Micah dealt with me, and he has hired me, and I am become his priest.”
5They said to him, “Please ask counsel of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous.”
6The priest said to them, “Go in peace. Your way in which you go is before Yahweh.”
7Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people who were there, how they lived in safety, in the way of the Sidonians, quiet and secure; for there was no one in the land, possessing authority, that might put them to shame in anything, and they were far from the Sidonians, and had no dealings with anyone else.
8They came to their brothers at Zorah and Eshtaol; and their brothers asked them, “What do you say?”
9They said, “Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and behold, it is very good. Do you stand still? Don’t be slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land.
10When you go, you will come to an unsuspecting people, and the land is large; for God has given it into your hand, a place where there is no lack of anything that is in the earth.”
11The family of the Danites set out from Zorah and Eshtaol, with six hundred men armed with weapons of war.
12They went up and encamped in Kiriath Jearim, in Judah. Therefore they called that place Mahaneh Dan, to this day. Behold, it is behind Kiriath Jearim.
13They passed from there to the hill country of Ephraim, and came to the house of Micah.
14Then the five men who went to spy out the country of Laish answered, and said to their brothers, “Do you know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a carved image, and a molten image? Now therefore consider what you have to do.”
15They went over there, and came to the house of the young Levite man, even to the house of Micah, and asked him how he was doing.
16The six hundred men armed with their weapons of war, who were of the children of Dan, stood by the entrance of the gate.
17The five men who went to spy out the land went up, and came in there, and took the engraved image, the ephod, the teraphim, and the molten image; and the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men armed with weapons of war.
18When these went into Micah’s house, and took the engraved image, the ephod, the teraphim, and the molten image, the priest said to them, “What are you doing?”
19They said to him, “Hold your peace, put your hand on your mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest. Is it better for you to be priest to the house of one man, or to be priest to a tribe and a family in Israel?”
20The priest’s heart was glad, and he took the ephod, the teraphim, and the engraved image, and went with the people.
21So they turned and departed, and put the little ones, the livestock, and the goods before them.
22When they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men who were in the houses near Micah’s house gathered together and overtook the children of Dan.
23As they cried to the children of Dan, they turned their faces, and said to Micah, “What ails you, that you come with such a company?”
24He said, “You have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and have gone away! What more do I have? How can you ask me, ‘What ails you?’”
25The children of Dan said to him, “Don’t let your voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows fall on you, and you lose your life, with the lives of your household.”
26The children of Dan went their way; and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back to his house.
27They took that which Micah had made, and the priest whom he had, and came to Laish, to a people quiet and unsuspecting, and struck them with the edge of the sword; then they burned the city with fire.
28There was no deliverer, because it was far from Sidon, and they had no dealings with anyone else; and it was in the valley that lies by Beth Rehob. They built the city, and lived in it.
29They called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born to Israel; however the name of the city used to be Laish.
30The children of Dan set up for themselves the engraved image; and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Moses, and his sons were priests to the tribe of the Danites until the day of the captivity of the land.
31So they set up for themselves Micah’s engraved image which he made, and it remained all the time that God’s house was in Shiloh.
Summary
The tribe of Dan, still without their full allotted territory, sends out five spies who lodge with Micah and learn from his Levite priest that their journey is favored by the LORD (vv. 1-6); they find the peaceful, undefended city of Laish and report that God has given it into Israel's hand (vv. 7-10). Six hundred armed Danites march north, and along the way the spies lead them to Micah's house, where they steal his idols and persuade his Levite to become priest for an entire tribe instead of one man (vv. 11-20); when Micah pursues them, he is powerless against their numbers and returns home stripped of his gods and his priest (vv. 21-26). The Danites then destroy the unsuspecting city of Laish, rebuild it as Dan, and set up Micah's idol, establishing an idolatrous priesthood that continues there for generations (vv. 27-31).
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
- Dan's migration: From Zorah and Eshtaol (western foothills near Philistia) northward to Laish (far north, near Mount Hermon)
- Laish (later renamed Dan): A remote, peaceful city in the far north of Canaan — "far from Sidon, no alliance with anyone"
- Micah's house: In the hill country of Ephraim — the Danites pass through and steal his priest and idols en route north
Places on this map
- Philistiasouthern coastal Israel and GazaThe coastal plain south of Joppa, held by a league of five cities: Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Gath and Ekron. Flat, fertile and on the trade road, it gave the Philistines chariots and iron while Israel held the hills above them. Wikipedia
- Mount HermonSyria / Lebanon / Golan borderThe 9,200-foot southern end of the Anti-Lebanon range, snow-covered most of the year and visible from much of Galilee. Its snowmelt feeds the springs that become the Jordan, and it marked the northern limit of Israel's conquests. Wikipedia
- CanaanIsrael, West Bank, LebanonThe land bridge between Egypt and Mesopotamia, which is why armies crossed it for three thousand years. Within about 60 miles it goes from coastal plain to hill country to rift valley to desert plateau, so control of it was always local and piecemeal. Wikipedia
- SidonSidon, LebanonA Phoenician harbour city 25 miles north of Tyre and about 60 miles from Nazareth. Older than Tyre and often paired with it; Jezebel came from its royal house, and Elijah was fed by a widow in its territory at Zarephath. Wikipedia
- DanTel Dan, IsraelAt the largest of the Jordan's headwater springs under Mount Hermon, the northern limit of Israel. Jeroboam set his second golden calf here, as far from Jerusalem as he could get. Wikipedia
- Ephraimcentral West BankThe central hill country north of Benjamin, the largest and best watered of the northern territories. It dominated the north so thoroughly that the prophets use Ephraim to mean the whole northern kingdom. Wikipedia
Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik emphasizes the mercenary nature of the Levite priest and the absurdity of Micah's complaint about stolen gods. He notes that Dan's idolatry became a permanent stain — the tribe is omitted from the 144,000 in Revelation 7.
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
- Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.
Videos
Articles
- GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Judges -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.
Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.
Reflection
- Settling for an Easier Path Than the One God Gave (v.1) — Dan abandons the inheritance God assigned them because taking it required faith and a fight, and goes after an easier, defenseless target instead. Where have you traded what God actually called you to for something easier that required less trust?
- Accepting Whatever Confirms What You Already Want (v.6) — An unauthorized priest gives the Danites a comfortable "go in peace" and they accept it without question because it's the answer they wanted. Do you seek real confirmation from God, or just a voice that will bless the plan you've already made?
- Loyalty That Follows the Highest Bidder (v.20) — The Levite priest's heart is glad to abandon Micah for a better offer from the Danites, revealing where his true loyalty lay all along. Is your faithfulness to God and others conditional on what benefits you most?
- Anything That Can Be Stolen Was Never God (v.24) — Micah's pathetic complaint — they took the gods I made — exposes that something you can make, lose, or have stolen was never actually God at all. What are you trusting in that could be taken from you in a moment, versus what truly cannot be shaken?
- Small Compromises Grow Into Institutions (vv.30-31) — What started as one household's private idol becomes a rival worship center that lasts for generations. What small compromise in your life could, left unaddressed, grow into something far bigger than you intended?