1 Chronicles — Chapter 28

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1Now David summoned all the leaders of Israel to Jerusalem: the leaders of the tribes, the leaders of the divisions in the king’s service, the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, and the officials in charge of all the property and cattle of the king and his sons, along with the court officials and mighty men—every mighty man of valor.

2Then King David rose to his feet and said, “Listen to me, my brothers and my people. It was in my heart to build a house as a resting place for the ark of the covenant of the LORD and as a footstool for our God. I had made preparations to build it,

3but God said to me, ‘You are not to build a house for My Name, because you are a man of war who has shed blood.’

4Yet the LORD, the God of Israel, chose me out of all my father’s house to be king over Israel forever. For He chose Judah as leader, and from the house of Judah He chose my father’s household, and from my father’s sons He was pleased to make me king over all Israel.

5And of all my sons—for the LORD has given me many sons—He has chosen Solomon my son to sit on the throne of the kingdom of the LORD over Israel.

6And He said to me, ‘Solomon your son is the one who will build My house and My courts, for I have chosen him as My son, and I will be his Father.

7I will establish his kingdom forever, if he resolutely carries out My commandments and ordinances, as is being done this day.’

8So now in the sight of all Israel, the assembly of the LORD, and in the hearing of our God, keep and seek out all the commandments of the LORD your God, so that you may possess this good land and leave it as an inheritance to your descendants forever.

9As for you, Solomon my son, know the God of your father and serve Him wholeheartedly and with a willing mind, for the LORD searches every heart and understands the intent of every thought. If you seek Him, He will be found by you; but if you forsake Him, He will reject you forever.

10Consider now that the LORD has chosen you to build a house for the sanctuary. Be strong and do it.”

11Then David gave his son Solomon the plans for the portico of the temple, its buildings, storehouses, upper rooms, inner rooms, and the room for the mercy seat.

12The plans contained everything David had in mind for the courts of the house of the LORD, for all the surrounding rooms, for the treasuries of the house of God and of the dedicated things,

13for the divisions of the priests and Levites, for all the work of service in the house of the LORD, and for all the articles of service in the house of the LORD:

14the weight of all the gold articles for every kind of service; the weight of all the silver articles for every kind of service;

15the weight of the gold lampstands and their lamps, including the weight of each lampstand and its lamps; the weight of each silver lampstand and its lamps, according to the use of each lampstand;

16the weight of gold for each table of showbread, and of silver for the silver tables;

17the weight of the pure gold for the forks, sprinkling bowls, and pitchers; the weight of each gold dish; the weight of each silver bowl;

18the weight of the refined gold for the altar of incense; and the plans for the chariot of the gold cherubim that spread their wings and overshadowed the ark of the covenant of the LORD.

19“All this,” said David, “all the details of this plan, the LORD has made clear to me in writing by His hand upon me.”

20David also said to Solomon his son, “Be strong and courageous, and do it. Do not be afraid or discouraged, for the LORD God, my God, is with you. He will neither fail you nor forsake you before all the work for the service of the house of the LORD is finished.

21The divisions of the priests and Levites are ready for all the service of the house of God, and every willing man of every skill will be at your disposal for the work. The officials and all the people are fully at your command.”

1And David assembled all the princes of Israel, the princes of the tribes, and the captains of the companies that ministered to the king by course, and the captains over the thousands, and captains over the hundreds, and the stewards over all the substance and possession of the king, and of his sons, with the officers, and with the mighty men, and with all the valiant men, unto Jerusalem.

2Then David the king stood up upon his feet, and said, Hear me, my brethren, and my people: As for me, I had in mine heart to build an house of rest for the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and for the footstool of our God, and had made ready for the building:

3But God said unto me, Thou shalt not build an house for my name, because thou hast been a man of war, and hast shed blood.

4Howbeit the LORD God of Israel chose me before all the house of my father to be king over Israel for ever: for he hath chosen Judah to be the ruler; and of the house of Judah, the house of my father; and among the sons of my father he liked me to make me king over all Israel:

5And of all my sons, (for the LORD hath given me many sons,) he hath chosen Solomon my son to sit upon the throne of the kingdom of the LORD over Israel.

6And he said unto me, Solomon thy son, he shall build my house and my courts: for I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be his father.

7Moreover I will establish his kingdom for ever, if he be constant to do my commandments and my judgments, as at this day.

8Now therefore in the sight of all Israel the congregation of the LORD, and in the audience of our God, keep and seek for all the commandments of the LORD your God: that ye may possess this good land, and leave it for an inheritance for your children after you for ever.

9And thou, Solomon my son, know thou the God of thy father, and serve him with a perfect heart and with a willing mind: for the LORD searcheth all hearts, and understandeth all the imaginations of the thoughts: if thou seek him, he will be found of thee; but if thou forsake him, he will cast thee off for ever.

10Take heed now; for the LORD hath chosen thee to build an house for the sanctuary: be strong, and do it.

11Then David gave to Solomon his son the pattern of the porch, and of the houses thereof, and of the treasuries thereof, and of the upper chambers thereof, and of the inner parlours thereof, and of the place of the mercy seat,

12And the pattern of all that he had by the spirit, of the courts of the house of the LORD, and of all the chambers round about, of the treasuries of the house of God, and of the treasuries of the dedicated things:

13Also for the courses of the priests and the Levites, and for all the work of the service of the house of the LORD, and for all the vessels of service in the house of the LORD.

14He gave of gold by weight for things of gold, for all instruments of all manner of service; silver also for all instruments of silver by weight, for all instruments of every kind of service:

15Even the weight for the candlesticks of gold, and for their lamps of gold, by weight for every candlestick, and for the lamps thereof: and for the candlesticks of silver by weight, both for the candlestick, and also for the lamps thereof, according to the use of every candlestick.

16And by weight he gave gold for the tables of shewbread, for every table; and likewise silver for the tables of silver:

17Also pure gold for the fleshhooks, and the bowls, and the cups: and for the golden basons he gave gold by weight for every bason; and likewise silver by weight for every bason of silver:

18And for the altar of incense refined gold by weight; and gold for the pattern of the chariot of the cherubims, that spread out their wings, and covered the ark of the covenant of the LORD.

19All this, said David, the LORD made me understand in writing by his hand upon me, even all the works of this pattern.

20And David said to Solomon his son, Be strong and of good courage, and do it: fear not, nor be dismayed: for the LORD God, even my God, will be with thee; he will not fail thee, nor forsake thee, until thou hast finished all the work for the service of the house of the LORD.

21And, behold, the courses of the priests and the Levites, even they shall be with thee for all the service of the house of God: and there shall be with thee for all manner of workmanship every willing skilful man, for any manner of service: also the princes and all the people will be wholly at thy commandment.

1And David assembled all the princes of Israel, the princes of the tribes, and the captains of the companies that served the king by course, and the captains of thousands, and the captains of hundreds, and the rulers over all the substance and possessions of the king and of his sons, with the officers, and the mighty men, even all the mighty men of valor, unto Jerusalem.

2Then David the king stood up upon his feet, and said, Hear me, my brethren, and my people: as for me, it was in my heart to build a house of rest for the ark of the covenant of Jehovah, and for the footstool of our God; and I had made ready for the building.

3But God said unto me, Thou shalt not build a house for my name, because thou art a man of war, and hast shed blood.

4Howbeit Jehovah, the God of Israel, chose me out of all the house of my father to be king over Israel for ever: for he hath chosen Judah to be prince; and in the house of Judah, the house of my father; and among the sons of my father he took pleasure in me to make me king over all Israel;

5And of all my sons (for Jehovah hath given me many sons), he hath chosen Solomon my son to sit upon the throne of the kingdom of Jehovah over Israel.

6And he said unto me, Solomon thy son, he shall build my house and my courts; for I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be his father.

7And I will establish his kingdom for ever, if he be constant to do my commandments and mine ordinances, as at this day.

8Now therefore, in the sight of all Israel, the assembly of Jehovah, and in the audience of our God, observe and seek out all the commandments of Jehovah your God; that ye may possess this good land, and leave it for an inheritance to your children after you for ever.

9And thou, Solomon my son, know thou the God of thy father, and serve him with a perfect heart and with a willing mind; for Jehovah searcheth all hearts, and understandeth all the imaginations of the thoughts: if thou seek him, he will be found of thee; but if thou forsake him, he will cast thee off for ever.

10Take heed now; for Jehovah hath chosen thee to build a house for the sanctuary: be strong, and do it.

11Then David gave to Solomon his son the pattern of the porch [of the temple], and of the houses thereof, and of the treasuries thereof, and of the upper rooms thereof, and of the inner chambers thereof, and of the place of the mercy-seat;

12and the pattern of all that he had by the Spirit, for the courts of the house of Jehovah, and for all the chambers round about, for the treasuries of the house of God, and for the treasuries of the dedicated things;

13also for the courses of the priests and the Levites, and for all the work of the service of the house of Jehovah, and for all the vessels of service in the house of Jehovah;

14of gold by weight for the [vessels of] gold, for all vessels of every kind of service; [of silver] for all the vessels of silver by weight, for all vessels of every kind of service;

15by weight also for the candlesticks of gold, and for the lamps thereof, of gold, by weight for every candlestick and for the lamps thereof; and for the candlesticks of silver, [silver] by weight for [every] candlestick and for the lamps thereof, according to the use of every candlestick;

16and the gold by weight for the tables of showbread, for every table; and silver for the tables of silver;

17and the flesh-hooks, and the basins, and the cups, of pure gold; and for the golden bowls by weight for every bowl; and for the silver bowls by weight for every bowl;

18and for the altar of incense refined gold by weight; and gold for the pattern of the chariot, [even] the cherubim, that spread out [their wings], and covered the ark of the covenant of Jehovah.

19All this, [said David], have I been made to understand in writing from the hand of Jehovah, even all the works of this pattern.

20And David said to Solomon his son, Be strong and of good courage, and do it: fear not, nor be dismayed; for Jehovah God, even my God, is with thee; he will not fail thee, nor forsake thee, until all the work for the service of the house of Jehovah be finished.

21And, behold, there are the courses of the priests and the Levites, for all the service of the house of God: and there shall be with thee in all manner of work every willing man that hath skill, for any manner of service: also the captains and all the people will be wholly at thy commandment.

1David assembled in Jerusalem all the officials of Israel, including the commanders of the tribes, the commanders of the army divisions that served the king, the commanders of units of a thousand and a hundred, the officials who were in charge of all the property and livestock of the king and his sons, the eunuchs, and the warriors, including the most skilled of them.

2King David rose to his feet and said: “Listen to me, my brothers and my people. I wanted to build a temple where the ark of the Lord’s covenant could be placed as a footstool for our God. I have made the preparations for building it.

3But God said to me, ‘You must not build a temple to honor me, for you are a warrior and have spilled blood.’

4The Lord God of Israel chose me out of my father’s entire family to become king over Israel and have a permanent dynasty. Indeed, he chose Judah as leader, and my father’s family within Judah, and then he picked me out from among my father’s sons and made me king over all Israel.

5From all the many sons the Lord has given me, he chose Solomon my son to rule on his behalf over Israel.

6He said to me, ‘Solomon your son is the one who will build my temple and my courts, for I have chosen him to become my son and I will become his father.

7I will establish his kingdom permanently, if he remains committed to obeying my commands and regulations, as you are doing this day.’

8So now, in the sight of all Israel, the Lord’s assembly, and in the hearing of our God, I say this: Carefully observe all the commands of the Lord your God, so that you may possess this good land and may leave it as a permanent inheritance for your children after you.

9“And you, Solomon my son, obey the God of your father and serve him with a submissive attitude and a willing spirit, for the Lord examines all minds and understands every motive of one’s thoughts. If you seek him, he will let you find him, but if you abandon him, he will reject you permanently.

10Realize now that the Lord has chosen you to build a temple as his sanctuary. Be strong and do it!”

11David gave to his son Solomon the blueprints for the temple porch, its buildings, its treasuries, its upper areas, its inner rooms, and the room for atonement.

12He gave him the blueprints of all he envisioned for the courts of the Lord’s temple, all the surrounding rooms, the storehouses of God’s temple, and the storehouses for the holy items.

13He gave him the regulations for the divisions of priests and Levites, for all the assigned responsibilities within the Lord’s temple, and for all the items used in the service of the Lord’s temple.

14He gave him the prescribed weight for all the gold items to be used in various types of service in the Lord’s temple, for all the silver items to be used in various types of service;

15for the gold lampstands and their gold lamps, including the weight of each lampstand and its lamps; for the silver lampstands, including the weight of each lampstand and its lamps, according to the prescribed use of each lampstand;

16for the gold used in the display tables, including the amount to be used in each table, for the silver to be used in the silver tables;

17for the pure gold used for the meat forks, bowls, and jars; for the small gold bowls, including the weight for each bowl; for the small silver bowls, including the weight for each bowl;

18and for the refined gold of the incense altar.He gave him the blueprint for the seat of the gold cherubim that spread their wings and provide shelter for the ark of the Lord’s covenant.

19David said, “All this I put in writing as the Lord directed me and gave me insight regarding the details of the blueprints.”

20David said to his son Solomon: “Be strong and brave! Do it! Don’t be afraid and don’t panic! For the Lord God, my God, is with you. He will not leave you or abandon you before all the work for the service of the Lord’s temple is finished.

21Here are the divisions of the priests and Levites who will perform all the service of God’s temple. All the willing and skilled men are ready to assist you in all the work and perform their service. The officials and all the people are ready to follow your instructions.”

1David assembled all the princes of Israel, the princes of the tribes, the captains of the companies who served the king by division, the captains of thousands, the captains of hundreds, and the rulers over all the substance and possessions of the king and of his sons, with the officers and the mighty men, even all the mighty men of valor, to Jerusalem.

2Then David the king stood up on his feet, and said, “Hear me, my brothers, and my people! As for me, it was in my heart to build a house of rest for the ark of Yahweh’s covenant, and for the footstool of our God; and I had prepared for the building.

3But God said to me, ‘You shall not build a house for my name, because you are a man of war, and have shed blood.’

4However Yahweh, the God of Israel, chose me out of all the house of my father to be king over Israel forever. For he has chosen Judah to be prince; and in the house of Judah, the house of my father; and among the sons of my father he took pleasure in me to make me king over all Israel.

5Of all my sons (for Yahweh has given me many sons), he has chosen Solomon my son to sit on the throne of Yahweh’s kingdom over Israel.

6He said to me, ‘Solomon, your son, shall build my house and my courts; for I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be his father.

7I will establish his kingdom forever if he continues to do my commandments and my ordinances, as it is today.’

8Now therefore, in the sight of all Israel, Yahweh’s assembly, and in the audience of our God, observe and seek out all the commandments of Yahweh your God; that you may possess this good land, and leave it for an inheritance to your children after you forever.

9You, Solomon my son, know the God of your father, and serve him with a perfect heart and with a willing mind; for Yahweh searches all hearts, and understands all the imaginations of the thoughts. If you seek him, he will be found by you; but if you forsake him, he will cast you off forever.

10Take heed now; for Yahweh has chosen you to build a house for the sanctuary. Be strong, and do it.”

11Then David gave to Solomon his son the plans for the porch of the temple, for its houses, for its treasuries, for its upper rooms, for its inner rooms, for the place of the mercy seat;

12and the plans of all that he had by the Spirit, for the courts of Yahweh’s house, for all the surrounding rooms, for the treasuries of God’s house, and for the treasuries of the dedicated things;

13also for the divisions of the priests and the Levites, for all the work of the service of Yahweh’s house, and for all the vessels of service in Yahweh’s house;

14of gold by weight for the gold, for all vessels of every kind of service; for all the vessels of silver by weight, for all vessels of every kind of service;

15by weight also for the lamp stands of gold, and for its lamps, of gold, by weight for every lamp stand and for its lamps; and for the lamp stands of silver, by weight for every lamp stand and for its lamps, according to the use of every lamp stand;

16and the gold by weight for the tables of show bread, for every table; and silver for the tables of silver;

17and the forks, the basins, and the cups, of pure gold; and for the golden bowls by weight for every bowl; and for the silver bowls by weight for every bowl;

18and for the altar of incense refined gold by weight; and gold for the plans for the chariot, and the cherubim that spread out and cover the ark of Yahweh’s covenant.

19“All this”, said David, “I have been made to understand in writing from Yahweh’s hand, even all the works of this pattern.”

20David said to Solomon his son, “Be strong and courageous, and do it. Don’t be afraid, nor be dismayed; for Yahweh God, even my God, is with you. He will not fail you, nor forsake you, until all the work for the service of Yahweh’s house is finished.

21Behold, there are the divisions of the priests and the Levites, for all the service of God’s house. Every willing man who has skill, for any kind of service, shall be with you in all kinds of work. Also the captains and all the people will be entirely at your command.”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

David assembles all the officials of Israel at Jerusalem - tribal leaders, commanders, stewards, and mighty warriors - and tells them he had desired to build a house of rest for the ark, though God told him he could not since he was a man of war who had shed blood (vv. 1-3). He explains that God chose him from his father's house to be king, chose Judah as leader among the tribes, and among his own sons chose Solomon for the throne of the LORD's kingdom, promising an everlasting reign if he keeps God's commandments (vv. 4-7). David charges Israel and Solomon to observe all of God's commandments, urging Solomon to know God intimately and serve Him with a whole heart and willing mind, since the LORD searches every heart (vv. 8-10). He hands Solomon the detailed plan for the temple, which he says came to him by the LORD's own hand, covering its rooms, treasuries, courts, and the gold and silver needed for every vessel of service (vv. 11-19). David closes by urging Solomon to be strong and courageous, promising God will be with him along with the priests, Levites, and all the willing people (vv. 20-21).

Authorship & Background

Author: Traditionally attributed to Ezra the scribe. Originally one book with 2 Chronicles. Written post-exile (approximately 450-400 BC) for the returned remnant. The Chronicler retells Israel's history from a priestly/worship perspective, emphasizing the Davidic covenant, Temple worship, and God's faithfulness.
Historical Context: Chapter 28 records one of the most significant moments in Israel's history: David's public charge to Solomon and all Israel concerning the building of the Temple. David assembles the entire national leadership — tribal princes, military commanders, stewards, and mighty men — and delivers what amounts to his final public address as king. He recounts God's choice of him, God's choice of Solomon, and God's prohibition against David building the Temple because he was "a man of war" who had "shed blood" (v.3). Then, most remarkably, David delivers to Solomon the architectural plans for the Temple — plans he received "by the spirit" (v.12 KJV) or "had in mind" (v.12 ESV) — and specifies precise weights of gold and silver for every vessel, lampstand, table, and the mercy seat itself. The chapter culminates in David's charge: "Be strong and of good courage, and do it" (v.20).
Classification: Historical Narrative
Key Themes: An old and full-of-days king standing up on his own feet, a detail with visible effort in it, to deliver one final public speech, a refusal and its reason repeated in front of the whole assembly, thou hast been a man of war and hast shed blood, two verses to Solomon alone that are the sharpest thing David says in the entire book, if thou forsake him he will cast thee off for ever, temple plans described as given by the Spirit in writing the same way the tabernacle pattern once was, and an encouragement that admits the size of the task before it ever promises help
David Stands Up and Speaks (vv.1-8): The whole administration of the previous five chapters is assembled, princes, officers, captains, stewards and mighty men, and the Chronicler notes that David stood up upon his feet, which for a man described as old and full of days is a detail with effort in it. The speech repeats the refusal and the reason, thou shalt not build an house for my name, because thou hast been a man of war, and hast shed blood, and then recounts the choosings: Judah out of the tribes, his father's house out of Judah, himself out of his father's sons, and Solomon out of his own. The charge to the assembly is conditional, keep and seek for all the commandments, that ye may possess this good land.
Know Thou the God of Thy Father (vv.9-10): Two verses addressed to Solomon in front of everyone, and they are the sharpest thing David says in Chronicles. Know thou the God of thy father, and serve him with a perfect heart and with a willing mind, for the LORD searcheth all hearts, and understandeth all the imaginations. Then both outcomes stated without softening, if thou seek him, he will be found of thee, but if thou forsake him, he will cast thee off for ever. And the instruction that follows is simply, be strong, and do it.
The Pattern Given by the Spirit (vv.11-21): David hands over the plans, and the Chronicler describes their origin in a way that puts them beside the tabernacle in Exodus: all this, said David, the LORD made me understand by writing by his hand upon me, and the pattern of all that he had by the spirit. The specifications run to weights, the candlesticks and their lamps, the tables of shewbread, the fleshhooks, the basons, the golden chariot of the cherubims. Then the closing encouragement, which admits the size of the task before promising help, be strong and of good courage, and do it, fear not, nor be dismayed, for the LORD God, even my God, will be with thee, he will not fail thee.

Map & Geography

  • Largely parallels 1-2 Samuel geographically. Jerusalem (Zion/City of David) is the theological and political center.
  • Key sites: Hebron (David's first capital, 7 years), the threshing floor of Ornan/Araunah (future Temple site, ch.21).
  • Chapters 1-9 (genealogies) contain tribal allotments but minimal narrative geography.

Places on this map

  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
  • HebronHebron, West BankThe highest town in the Judean hills at about 3,000 feet, 19 miles south of Jerusalem. Abraham bought a burial cave here, and David reigned from it for seven years before moving north, so it carries both the patriarchal and the royal claim to the land. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik emphasizes the remarkable parallel between David receiving the Temple plans "by the spirit" and Moses receiving the tabernacle pattern on Sinai — both worship structures were divinely designed rather than humanly imagined. He highlights verse 9 as one of the most important single verses in Chronicles, combining the themes of heart-knowledge of God, willing service, divine omniscience, and the conditional nature of sustained blessing.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

1 Chronicles 28 Explained: 5 Minute Bible Study
2BeLikeChrist

1 Chronicles 28-29 | Passing the Kingdom | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of 1 Chronicles -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • A Public, Transparent Transition (vv.1-2) — David gathers Israel's entire leadership to declare God's plan for Solomon and the Temple openly rather than settling succession quietly behind closed doors. Do you invite accountability and openness into the major transitions of your own life?
  • God's "No" Can Prepare the Way for Someone Else (v.3) — David wanted to build the Temple but is told he cannot, so instead of resisting he pours himself into preparing for Solomon to build it. When God closes a door for you, are you willing to prepare the way for someone else's calling instead?
  • Knowing God, Not Just Knowing About Him (v.9) — David charges Solomon to know God personally, warning that the Lord searches every heart and every motive behind our actions. Do you pursue an experiential knowledge of God Himself, or do you settle for facts and information about Him?
  • A Divine Pattern, Not a Human Invention (v.12) — David hands Solomon detailed plans for the Temple that he says came directly from God rather than his own imagination. In your own calling or ministry, are you seeking God's design, or simply assuming your own ideas are His?
  • Courage Rooted in God's Presence (v.20) — David tells Solomon to be strong and courageous because the Lord will be with him, not because Solomon has sufficient wisdom or resources of his own. Where do you need courage right now that should come from trusting God's presence rather than your own ability?