2 Chronicles — Chapter 8
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1Now at the end of the twenty years during which Solomon had built the house of the LORD and his own palace,
2Solomon rebuilt the cities Hiram had given him and settled Israelites there.
3Then Solomon went to Hamath-zobah and captured it.
4He built Tadmor in the wilderness, in addition to all the store cities that he had built in Hamath.
5He rebuilt Upper and Lower Beth-horon as fortified cities with walls, gates, and bars,
6as well as Baalath, all the store cities that belonged to Solomon, and all the cities for his chariots and horses—whatever he desired to build in Jerusalem, Lebanon, and throughout the land of his dominion.
7As for all the people who remained of the Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites (these people were not Israelites)—
8their descendants who remained in the land, those whom the Israelites had not destroyed—Solomon conscripted these people to be forced laborers, as they are to this day.
9But Solomon did not consign any of the Israelites to slave labor, because they were his men of war, the leaders of his captains, and the commanders of his chariots and cavalry.
10They were also the chief officers for King Solomon: 250 supervisors.
11Solomon brought the daughter of Pharaoh up from the City of David to the palace he had built for her. For he said, “My wife must not live in the house of David king of Israel, because the places the ark of the LORD has entered are holy.”
12At that time Solomon offered burnt offerings to the LORD on the altar of the LORD he had built in front of the portico.
13He observed the daily requirement for offerings according to the commandment of Moses for Sabbaths, New Moons, and the three annual appointed feasts—the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Tabernacles.
14In keeping with the ordinances of his father David, Solomon appointed the divisions of the priests over their service, and the Levites for their duties to offer praise and to minister before the priests according to the daily requirement. He also appointed gatekeepers by their divisions at each gate, for this had been the command of David, the man of God.
15They did not turn aside from the king’s command regarding the priests or the Levites in any matter, including that of the treasuries.
16Thus all the work of Solomon was carried out, from the day the foundation was laid for the house of the LORD until it was finished. So the house of the LORD was completed.
17Then Solomon went to Ezion-geber and to Eloth on the coast of Edom.
18So Hiram sent him ships captained by his servants, along with crews of experienced sailors. They went with Solomon’s servants to Ophir and acquired from there 450 talents of gold, which they delivered to King Solomon.
1And it came to pass at the end of twenty years, wherein Solomon had built the house of the LORD, and his own house,
2That the cities which Huram had restored to Solomon, Solomon built them, and caused the children of Israel to dwell there.
3And Solomon went to Hamath-zobah, and prevailed against it.
4And he built Tadmor in the wilderness, and all the store cities, which he built in Hamath.
5Also he built Beth-horon the upper, and Beth-horon the nether, fenced cities, with walls, gates, and bars;
6And Baalath, and all the store cities that Solomon had, and all the chariot cities, and the cities of the horsemen, and all that Solomon desired to build in Jerusalem, and in Lebanon, and throughout all the land of his dominion.
7As for all the people that were left of the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, which were not of Israel,
8But of their children, who were left after them in the land, whom the children of Israel consumed not, them did Solomon make to pay tribute until this day.
9But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no servants for his work; but they were men of war, and chief of his captains, and captains of his chariots and horsemen.
10And these were the chief of king Solomon’s officers, even two hundred and fifty, that bare rule over the people.
11And Solomon brought up the daughter of Pharaoh out of the city of David unto the house that he had built for her: for he said, My wife shall not dwell in the house of David king of Israel, because the places are holy, whereunto the ark of the LORD hath come.
12Then Solomon offered burnt offerings unto the LORD on the altar of the LORD, which he had built before the porch,
13Even after a certain rate every day, offering according to the commandment of Moses, on the sabbaths, and on the new moons, and on the solemn feasts, three times in the year, even in the feast of unleavened bread, and in the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles.
14And he appointed, according to the order of David his father, the courses of the priests to their service, and the Levites to their charges, to praise and minister before the priests, as the duty of every day required: the porters also by their courses at every gate: for so had David the man of God commanded.
15And they departed not from the commandment of the king unto the priests and Levites concerning any matter, or concerning the treasures.
16Now all the work of Solomon was prepared unto the day of the foundation of the house of the LORD, and until it was finished. So the house of the LORD was perfected.
17Then went Solomon to Ezion-geber, and to Eloth, at the sea side in the land of Edom.
18And Huram sent him by the hands of his servants ships, and servants that had knowledge of the sea; and they went with the servants of Solomon to Ophir, and took thence four hundred and fifty talents of gold, and brought them to king Solomon.
1And it came to pass at the end of twenty years, wherein Solomon had built the house of Jehovah, and his own house,
2that the cities which Huram had given to Solomon, Solomon built them, and caused the children of Israel to dwell there.
3And Solomon went to Hamath-zobah, and prevailed against it.
4And he built Tadmor in the wilderness, and all the store-cities, which he built in Hamath.
5Also he built Beth-horon the upper, and Beth-horon the nether, fortified cities, with walls, gates, and bars;
6and Baalath, and all the store-cities that Solomon had, and all the cities for his chariots, and the cities for his horsemen, and all that Solomon desired to build for his pleasure in Jerusalem, and in Lebanon, and in all the land of his dominion.
7As for all the people that were left of the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, that were not of Israel;
8of their children that were left after them in the land, whom the children of Israel consumed not, of them did Solomon raise a levy [of bondservants] unto this day.
9But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no servants for his work; but they were men of war, and chief of his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.
10And these were the chief officers of king Solomon, even two hundred and fifty, that bare rule over the people.
11And Solomon brought up the daughter of Pharaoh out of the city of David unto the house that he had built for her; for he said, My wife shall not dwell in the house of David king of Israel, because the places are holy, whereunto the ark of Jehovah hath come.
12Then Solomon offered burnt-offerings unto Jehovah on the altar of Jehovah, which he had built before the porch,
13even as the duty of every day required, offering according to the commandment of Moses, on the sabbaths, and on the new moons, and on the set feasts, three times in the year, [even] in the feast of unleavened bread, and in the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles.
14And he appointed, according to the ordinance of David his father, the courses of the priests to their service, and the Levites to their offices, to praise, and to minister before the priests, as the duty of every day required; the doorkeepers also by their courses at every gate: for so had David the man of God commanded.
15And they departed not from the commandment of the king unto the priests and Levites concerning any matter, or concerning the treasures.
16Now all the work of Solomon was prepared unto the day of the foundation of the house of Jehovah, and until it was finished. [So] the house of Jehovah was completed.
17Then went Solomon to Ezion-geber, and to Eloth, on the seashore in the land of Edom.
18And Huram sent him by the hands of his servants ships, and servants that had knowledge of the sea; and they came with the servants of Solomon to Ophir, and fetched from thence four hundred and fifty talents of gold, and brought them to king Solomon.
1After twenty years, during which Solomon built the Lord’s temple and his royal palace,
2Solomon rebuilt the cities that Huram had given him and settled Israelites there.
3Solomon went to Hamath Zobah and seized it.
4He built up Tadmor in the wilderness and all the storage cities he had built in Hamath.
5He made upper Beth Horon and lower Beth Horon fortified cities with walls and barred gates,
6and built up Baalath, all the storage cities that belonged to him, and all the cities where chariots and horses were kept. He built whatever he wanted in Jerusalem, Lebanon, and throughout his entire kingdom.
7Now several non-Israelite peoples were left in the land after the conquest of Joshua, including the Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
8Their descendants remained in the land (the Israelites were unable to wipe them out). Solomon conscripted them for his work crews, and they continue in that role to this very day.
9Solomon did not assign Israelites to these work crews; the Israelites served as his soldiers, officers, charioteers, and commanders of his chariot forces.
10These men worked for King Solomon as supervisors; there were a total of 250 of them who were in charge of the people.
11Solomon moved Pharaoh’s daughter up from the City of David to the palace he had built for her, for he said, “My wife must not live in the palace of King David of Israel, for the places where the ark of the Lord has entered are holy.”
12Then Solomon offered burnt sacrifices to the Lord on the altar of the Lord which he had built in front of the temple’s porch.
13He observed the daily requirements for sacrifices that Moses had specified for Sabbaths, new moon festivals, and the three annual celebrations—the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Shelters.
14As his father David had decreed, Solomon appointed the divisions of the priests to do their assigned tasks, the Levitical orders to lead worship and help the priests with their daily tasks, and the divisions of the gatekeepers to serve at their assigned gates. This was what David the man of God had ordered.
15They did not neglect any detail of the king’s orders pertaining to the priests, Levites, and treasuries.
16All the work ordered by Solomon was completed, from the day the foundation of the Lord’s temple was laid until it was finished; the Lord’s temple was completed.
17Then Solomon went to Ezion Geber and to Elat on the coast in the land of Edom.
18Huram sent him ships and some of his sailors, men who were well acquainted with the sea. They sailed with Solomon’s men to Ophir and took from there 450 talents of gold, which they brought back to King Solomon.
1At the end of twenty years, in which Solomon had built Yahweh’s house and his own house,
2Solomon built the cities which Huram had given to Solomon, and caused the children of Israel to dwell there.
3Solomon went to Hamath Zobah, and prevailed against it.
4He built Tadmor in the wilderness, and all the storage cities, which he built in Hamath.
5Also he built Beth Horon the upper and Beth Horon the lower, fortified cities, with walls, gates, and bars;
6and Baalath, and all the storage cities that Solomon had, and all the cities for his chariots, the cities for his horsemen, and all that Solomon desired to build for his pleasure in Jerusalem, in Lebanon, and in all the land of his dominion.
7As for all the people who were left of the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of Israel;
8of their children who were left after them in the land, whom the children of Israel didn’t consume, of them Solomon conscripted forced labor to this day.
9But of the children of Israel, Solomon made no servants for his work; but they were men of war, and chief of his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.
10These were the chief officers of king Solomon, even two-hundred fifty, who ruled over the people.
11Solomon brought up Pharaoh’s daughter out of David’s city to the house that he had built for her; for he said, “My wife shall not dwell in the house of David king of Israel, because the places where Yahweh’s ark has come are holy.”
12Then Solomon offered burnt offerings to Yahweh on Yahweh’s altar, which he had built before the porch,
13even as the duty of every day required, offering according to the commandment of Moses, on the Sabbaths, on the new moons, and on the set feasts, three times per year, during the feast of unleavened bread, during the feast of weeks, and during the feast of tents.
14He appointed, according to the ordinance of David his father, the divisions of the priests to their service, and the Levites to their offices, to praise and to minister before the priests, as the duty of every day required; the doorkeepers also by their divisions at every gate, for David the man of God had so commanded.
15They didn’t depart from the commandment of the king to the priests and Levites concerning any matter, or concerning the treasures.
16Now all the work of Solomon was prepared from the day of the foundation of Yahweh’s house until it was finished. So Yahweh’s house was completed.
17Then Solomon went to Ezion Geber and to Eloth, on the seashore in the land of Edom.
18Huram sent him ships and servants who had knowledge of the sea by the hands of his servants; and they came with the servants of Solomon to Ophir, and brought from there four hundred fifty talents of gold, and brought them to king Solomon.
Summary
After twenty years spent building the temple and his own palace, Solomon rebuilds the cities Huram had given back to him, along with Tadmor, Hamath's store cities, and fortified towns such as Beth-horon and Baalath (vv. 1-6). He conscripts the surviving Canaanite peoples for forced labor but keeps Israelites as soldiers and officers rather than servants (vv. 7-10). He moves Pharaoh's daughter out of David's palace, judging it unfit for her because the ark of the LORD had been there, and he maintains the regular schedule of offerings and priestly and Levitical courses established by Moses and David (vv. 11-16). Finally, Solomon sends ships from Ezion-geber with Huram's experienced sailors to Ophir, bringing back four hundred fifty talents of gold (vv. 17-18).
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
- Parallels 1-2 Kings but focuses exclusively on Judah (the southern kingdom). Jerusalem and the Temple are the theological center throughout.
- Key locations include various battle sites, reform locations, and high places destroyed or rebuilt by successive kings.
- The book ends with exile to Babylon (586 BC) and Cyrus's decree permitting return — the geographic arc moves from Jerusalem to Babylon and back.
Places on this map
- JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
- Babylonnear Hillah, IraqOn the Euphrates about 55 miles south of modern Baghdad. Judah's exiles were marched roughly 900 miles to get here, the long way round the Arabian desert, which is why the journey took months and the return was a genuine undertaking rather than a short trip home. Wikipedia
Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik notes that the Chronicler presents Solomon's reign as a model of comprehensive prosperity flowing from faithful worship. The chapter demonstrates the principle: when worship is properly ordered, all other dimensions of national life flourish.
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
- Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.
Videos
Articles
- GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of 2 Chronicles -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.
Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.
Reflection
- Guarding What's Holy (v.11) — Solomon moved Pharaoh's daughter out of the area near the ark because he considered it holy ground that shouldn't be shared with pagan influence. What needs that same kind of boundary in your own life right now?
- Following an Established Pattern of Faithfulness (vv.13-14) — Solomon organized worship according to both the command of Moses and the order David had set up, rather than inventing his own approach. Where might you be tempted to improvise instead of following the wisdom of those who've gone before you?
- Faithful Follow-Through Brings Completion (v.16) — The chapter notes that Solomon finished everything he set out to do for the Temple. Is there something God called you to that you started well but haven't carried through to the end?