Joshua — Chapter 19

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1The second lot came out for the clans of the tribe of Simeon: Their inheritance lay within the territory of Judah

2and included Beersheba (or Sheba), Moladah,

3Hazar-shual, Balah, Ezem,

4Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah,

5Ziklag, Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susah,

6Beth-lebaoth, and Sharuhen—thirteen cities, along with their villages.

7Ain, Rimmon, Ether, and Ashan—four cities, along with their villages,

8and all the villages surrounding these cities as far as Baalath-beer (Ramah of the Negev). This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Simeon.

9The inheritance of the Simeonites was taken from the territory of Judah, because the share for Judah’s descendants was too large for them. So the Simeonites received an inheritance within Judah’s portion.

10The third lot came up for the clans of the tribe of Zebulun: The border of their inheritance stretched as far as Sarid.

11It went up westward to Maralah, reached Dabbesheth, and met the brook east of Jokneam.

12From Sarid it turned eastward along the border of Chisloth-tabor and went on to Daberath and up to Japhia.

13From there it crossed eastward to Gath-hepher and to Eth-kazin; it extended to Rimmon and curved around toward Neah.

14Then the border circled around the north side of Neah to Hannathon and ended at the Valley of Iphtah-el.

15It also included Kattath, Nahalal, Shimron, Idalah, and Bethlehem. There were twelve cities, along with their villages.

16This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Zebulun, including these cities and their villages.

17The fourth lot came out for the clans of the tribe of Issachar:

18Their territory included Jezreel, Chesulloth, Shunem,

19Hapharaim, Shion, Anaharath,

20Rabbith, Kishion, Ebez,

21Remeth, En-gannim, En-haddah, and Beth-pazzez.

22The border reached Tabor, Shahazumah, and Beth-shemesh, and ended at the Jordan. There were sixteen cities, along with their villages.

23This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Issachar, including these cities and their villages.

24The fifth lot came out for the clans of the tribe of Asher:

25Their territory included Helkath, Hali, Beten, Achshaph,

26Allammelech, Amad, and Mishal. On the west the border touched Carmel and Shihor-libnath,

27then turned eastward toward Beth-dagon, touched Zebulun and the Valley of Iphtah-el, and went north to Beth-emek and Neiel, passing Cabul on the left.

28It went on to Ebron, Rehob, Hammon, and Kanah, as far as Greater Sidon.

29The border then turned back toward Ramah as far as the fortified city of Tyre, turned toward Hosah, and came out at the Sea in the region of Achzib,

30Ummah, Aphek, and Rehob. There were twenty-two cities, along with their villages.

31This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Asher, including these cities and their villages.

32The sixth lot came out for the clans of the tribe of Naphtali:

33Their border started at Heleph and the great tree of Zaanannim, passing Adami-nekeb and Jabneel as far as Lakkum and ending at the Jordan.

34Then the border turned westward to Aznoth-tabor and ran from there to Hukkok, touching Zebulun on the south side, Asher on the west, and Judah at the Jordan on the east.

35The fortified cities were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Chinnereth,

36Adamah, Ramah, Hazor,

37Kedesh, Edrei, En-hazor,

38Iron, Migdal-el, Horem, Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh. There were nineteen cities, along with their villages.

39This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Naphtali, including these cities and their villages.

40The seventh lot came out for the clans of the tribe of Dan:

41The territory of their inheritance included Zorah, Eshtaol, Ir-shemesh,

42Shaalabbin, Aijalon, Ithlah,

43Elon, Timnah, Ekron,

44Eltekeh, Gibbethon, Baalath,

45Jehud, Bene-berak, Gath-rimmon,

46Me-jarkon, and Rakkon, including the territory across from Joppa.

47(Later, when the territory of the Danites was lost to them, they went up and fought against Leshem, captured it, and put it to the sword. So they took possession of Leshem, settled there, and renamed it after their father Dan.)

48This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Dan, including these cities and their villages.

49When they had finished distributing the land into its territories, the Israelites gave Joshua son of Nun an inheritance among them,

50as the LORD had commanded. They gave him the city of Timnath-serah in the hill country of Ephraim, as he requested. He rebuilt the city and settled in it.

51These are the inheritances that Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the heads of the families distributed by lot to the tribes of Israel at Shiloh before the LORD at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. So they finished dividing up the land.

1And the second lot came forth to Simeon, even for the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families: and their inheritance was within the inheritance of the children of Judah.

2And they had in their inheritance Beer-sheba, or Sheba, and Moladah,

3And Hazar-shual, and Balah, and Azem,

4And Eltolad, and Bethul, and Hormah,

5And Ziklag, and Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susah,

6And Beth-lebaoth, and Sharuhen; thirteen cities and their villages:

7Ain, Remmon, and Ether, and Ashan; four cities and their villages:

8And all the villages that were round about these cities to Baalath-beer, Ramath of the south. This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families.

9Out of the portion of the children of Judah was the inheritance of the children of Simeon: for the part of the children of Judah was too much for them: therefore the children of Simeon had their inheritance within the inheritance of them.

10And the third lot came up for the children of Zebulun according to their families: and the border of their inheritance was unto Sarid:

11And their border went up toward the sea, and Maralah, and reached to Dabbasheth, and reached to the river that is before Jokneam;

12And turned from Sarid eastward toward the sunrising unto the border of Chisloth-tabor, and then goeth out to daberath, and goeth up to Japhia,

13And from thence passeth on along on the east to Gittah-hepher, to Ittah-kazin, and goeth out to Remmon-methoar to Neah;

14And the border compasseth it on the north side to Hannathon: and the outgoings thereof are in the valley of Jiphthah-el:

15And Kattath, and Nahallal, and Shimron, and Idalah, and Bethlehem: twelve cities with their villages.

16This is the inheritance of the children of Zebulun according to their families, these cities with their villages.

17And the fourth lot came out to Issachar, for the children of Issachar according to their families.

18And their border was toward Jezreel, and Chesulloth, and Shunem,

19And Haphraim, and Shihon, and Anaharath,

20And Rabbith, and Kishion, and Abez,

21And Remeth, and En-gannim, and En-haddah, and Beth-pazzez;

22And the coast reacheth to Tabor, and Shahazimah, and Beth-shemesh; and the outgoings of their border were at Jordan: sixteen cities with their villages.

23This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Issachar according to their families, the cities and their villages.

24And the fifth lot came out for the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families.

25And their border was Helkath, and Hali, and Beten, and Achshaph,

26And Alammelech, and Amad, and Misheal; and reacheth to Carmel westward, and to Shihor-libnath;

27And turneth toward the sunrising to Beth-dagon, and reacheth to Zebulun, and to the valley of Jiphthah-el toward the north side of Beth-emek, and Neiel, and goeth out to Cabul on the left hand,

28And Hebron, and Rehob, and Hammon, and Kanah, even unto great Zidon;

29And then the coast turneth to Ramah, and to the strong city Tyre; and the coast turneth to Hosah; and the outgoings thereof are at the sea from the coast to Achzib:

30Ummah also, and Aphek, and Rehob: twenty and two cities with their villages.

31This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families, these cities with their villages.

32The sixth lot came out to the children of Naphtali, even for the children of Naphtali according to their families.

33And their coast was from Heleph, from Allon to Zaanannim, and Adami, Nekeb, and Jabneel, unto Lakum; and the outgoings thereof were at Jordan:

34And then the coast turneth westward to Aznoth-tabor, and goeth out from thence to Hukkok, and reacheth to Zebulun on the south side, and reacheth to Asher on the west side, and to Judah upon Jordan toward the sunrising.

35And the fenced cities are Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth,

36And Adamah, and Ramah, and Hazor,

37And Kedesh, and Edrei, and En-hazor,

38And Iron, and Migdal-el, Horem, and Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.

39This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Naphtali according to their families, the cities and their villages.

40And the seventh lot came out for the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families.

41And the coast of their inheritance was Zorah, and Eshtaol, and Ir-shemesh,

42And Shaalabbin, and Ajalon, and Jethlah,

43And Elon, and Thimnathah, and Ekron,

44And Eltekeh, and Gibbethon, and Baalath,

45And Jehud, and Bene-berak, and Gath-rimmon,

46And Me-jarkon, and Rakkon, with the border before Japho.

47And the coast of the children of Dan went out too little for them: therefore the children of Dan went up to fight against Leshem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their father.

48This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families, these cities with their villages.

49When they had made an end of dividing the land for inheritance by their coasts, the children of Israel gave an inheritance to Joshua the son of Nun among them:

50According to the word of the LORD they gave him the city which he asked, even Timnath-serah in mount Ephraim: and he built the city, and dwelt therein.

51These are the inheritances which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the children of Israel, divided for an inheritance by lot in Shiloh before the LORD, at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. So they made an end of dividing the country.

1And the second lot came out for Simeon, even for the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families: and their inheritance was in the midst of the inheritance of the children of Judah.

2And they had for their inheritance Beer-sheba, or Sheba, and Moladah,

3and Hazar-shual, and Balah, and Ezem,

4and Eltolad, and Bethul, and Hormah,

5and Ziklag, and Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susah,

6and Beth-lebaoth, and Sharuhen; thirteen cities with their villages:

7Ain, Rimmon, and Ether, and Ashan; four cities with their villages:

8and all the villages that were round about these cities to Baalath-beer, Ramah of the South. This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families.

9Out of the part of the children of Judah was the inheritance of the children of Simeon; for the portion of the children of Judah was too much for them: therefore the children of Simeon had inheritance in the midst of their inheritance.

10And the third lot came up for the children of Zebulun according to their families; and the border of their inheritance was unto Sarid;

11and their border went up westward, even to Maralah, and reached to Dabbesheth; and it reached to the brook that is before Jokneam;

12and it turned from Sarid eastward toward the sunrising unto the border of Chisloth-tabor; and it went out to Daberath, and went up to Japhia;

13and from thence it passed along eastward to Gath-hepher, to Eth-kazin; and it went out at Rimmon which stretcheth unto Neah;

14and the border turned about it on the north to Hannathon; and the goings out thereof were at the valley of Iphtah-el;

15and Kattath, and Nahalal, and Shimron, and Idalah, and Bethlehem: twelve cities with their villages.

16This is the inheritance of the children of Zebulun according to their families, these cities with their villages.

17The fourth lot came out for Issachar, even for the children of Issachar according to their families.

18And their border was unto Jezreel, and Chesulloth, and Shunem,

19and Hapharaim, and Shion, and Anaharath,

20and Rabbith, and Kishion, and Ebez,

21and Remeth, and Engannim, and En-haddah, and Beth-pazzez,

22and the border reached to Tabor, and Shahazumah, and Beth-shemesh; and the goings out of their border were at the Jordan: sixteen cities with their villages.

23This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Issachar according to their families, the cities with their villages.

24And the fifth lot came out for the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families.

25And their border was Helkath, and Hali, and Beten, and Achshaph,

26and Allammelech, and Amad, and Mishal; and it reached to Carmel westward, and to Shihor-libnath;

27and it turned toward the sunrising to Beth-dagon, and reached to Zebulun, and to the valley of Iphtah-el northward to Beth-emek and Neiel; and it went out to Cabul on the left hand,

28and Ebron, and Rehob, and Hammon, and Kanah, even unto great Sidon;

29and the border turned to Ramah, and to the fortified city of Tyre; and the border turned to Hosah; and the goings out thereof were at the sea by the region of Achzib;

30Ummah also, and Aphek, and Rehob: twenty and two cities with their villages.

31This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families, these cities with their villages.

32The sixth lot came out for the children of Naphtali, even for the children of Naphtali according to their families.

33And their border was from Heleph, from the oak in Zaanannim, and Adaminekeb, and Jabneel, unto Lakkum; and the goings out thereof were at the Jordan;

34and the border turned westward to Aznoth-tabor, and went out from thence to Hukkok; and it reached to Zebulun on the south, and reached to Asher on the west, and to Judah at the Jordan toward the sunrising.

35And the fortified cities were Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth,

36and Adamah, and Ramah, and Hazor,

37and Kedesh, and Edrei, and En-hazor,

38And Iron, and Migdal-el, Horem, and Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.

39This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Naphtali according to their families, the cities with their villages.

40The seventh lot came out for the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families.

41And the border of their inheritance was Zorah, and Eshtaol, and Ir-shemesh,

42and Shaalabbin, and Aijalon, and Ithlah,

43and Elon, and Timnah, and Ekron,

44and Eltekeh, and Gibbethon, and Baalath,

45and Jehud, and Bene-berak, and Gath-rimmon,

46and Me-jarkon, and Rakkon, with the border over against Joppa.

47And the border of the children of Dan went out beyond them; for the children of Dan went up and fought against Leshem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their father.

48This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families, these cities with their villages.

49So they made an end of distributing the land for inheritance by the borders thereof; and the children of Israel gave an inheritance to Joshua the son of Nun in the midst of them:

50according to the commandment of Jehovah they gave him the city which he asked, even Timnath-serah in the hill-country of Ephraim; and he built the city, and dwelt therein.

51These are the inheritances, which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers` [houses] of the tribes of the children of Israel, distributed for inheritance by lot in Shiloh before Jehovah, at the door of the tent of meeting. So they made an end of dividing the land.

1The second lot belonged to the tribe of Simeon by its clans. Their assigned land was in the middle of Judah’s assigned land.

2Their assigned land included Beer Sheba, Moladah,

3Hazar Shual, Balah, Ezem,

4Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah,

5Ziklag, Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susah,

6Beth Lebaoth, and Sharuhen—a total of 13 cities and their towns,

7Ain, Rimmon, Ether, and Ashan—a total of four cities and their towns,

8as well as all the towns around these cities as far as Baalath Beer (Ramah of the Negev). This was the land assigned to the tribe of Simeon by its clans.

9Simeon’s assigned land was taken from Judah’s allotted portion, for Judah’s territory was too large for them; so Simeon was assigned land within Judah.

10The third lot belonged to the tribe of Zebulun by its clans. The border of their territory extended to Sarid.

11Their border went up westward to Maralah and touched Dabbesheth and the valley near Jokneam.

12From Sarid it turned eastward to the territory of Kisloth Tabor, extended to Daberath, and went up to Japhia.

13From there it crossed eastward to Gath Hepher and Eth Kazin, and extended to Rimmon, turning toward Neah.

14It then turned on the north to Hannathon and ended at the Valley of Iphtah El.

15Their territory included Kattah, Nahalal, Shimron, Idalah, and Bethlehem; in all they had 12 cities and their towns.

16This was the land assigned to the tribe of Zebulun by its clans, including these cities and their towns.

17The fourth lot belonged to the tribe of Issachar by its clans.

18Their assigned land included Jezreel, Kesulloth, Shunem,

19Hapharaim, Shion, Anaharath,

20Rabbith, Kishion, Ebez,

21Remeth, En Gannim, En Haddah and Beth Pazzez.

22Their border touched Tabor, Shahazumah, and Beth Shemesh, and ended at the Jordan. They had 16 cities and their towns.

23This was the land assigned to the tribe of Issachar by its clans, including these cities and their towns.

24The fifth lot belonged to the tribe of Asher by its clans.

25Their territory included Helkath, Hali, Beten, Acshaph,

26Alammelech, Amad, and Mishal. Their border touched Carmel to the west and Shihor Libnath.

27It turned eastward toward Beth Dagon, touched Zebulun and the Valley of Iphtah El to the north, as well as Beth Emek and Neiel, and extended to Cabul on the north

28and on to Ebron, Rehob, Hammon, and Kanah, as far as Greater Sidon.

29It then turned toward Ramah as far as the fortified city of Tyre, turned to Hosah, and ended at the sea near Hebel, Achzib,

30Umah, Aphek, and Rehob. In all they had 22 cities and their towns.

31This was the land assigned to the tribe of Asher by its clans, including these cities and their towns.

32The sixth lot belonged to the tribe of Naphtali by its clans.

33Their border started at Heleph and the oak of Zaanannim, went to Adami Nekeb, Jabneel and on to Lakkum, and ended at the Jordan River.

34It turned westward to Aznoth Tabor, extended from there to Hukok, touched Zebulun on the south, Asher on the west, and the Jordan on the east.

35The fortified cities included Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Kinnereth,

36Adamah, Ramah, Hazor,

37Kedesh, Edrei, En Hazor,

38Yiron, Migdal El, Horem, Beth Anath, and Beth Shemesh. In all they had 19 cities and their towns.

39This was the land assigned to the tribe of Naphtali by its clans, including these cities and their towns.

40The seventh lot belonged to the tribe of Dan by its clans.

41Their assigned land included Zorah, Eshtaol, Ir Shemesh,

42Shaalabbin, Aijalon, Ithlah,

43Elon, Timnah, Ekron,

44Eltekeh, Gibbethon, Baalath,

45Jehud, Bene Berak, Gath Rimmon,

46the waters of Jarkon, and Rakkon, including the territory in front of Joppa.

47(The Danites failed to conquer their territory, so they went up and fought with Leshem and captured it. They put the sword to it, took possession of it, and lived in it. They renamed it Dan after their ancestor.)

48This was the land assigned to the tribe of Dan by its clans, including these cities and their towns.

49When they finished dividing the land into its regions, the Israelites gave Joshua son of Nun some land.

50As the Lord had instructed, they gave him the city he requested—Timnath Serah in the Ephraimite hill country. He built up the city and lived in it.

51These are the land assignments that Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the Israelite tribal leaders made by drawing lots in Shiloh before the Lord at the entrance of the tent of meeting. So they finished dividing up the land.

1The second lot came out for Simeon, even for the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families. Their inheritance was in the middle of the inheritance of the children of Judah.

2They had for their inheritance Beersheba (or Sheba), Moladah,

3Hazar Shual, Balah, Ezem,

4Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah,

5Ziklag, Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susah,

6Beth Lebaoth, and Sharuhen; thirteen cities with their villages;

7Ain, Rimmon, Ether, and Ashan; four cities with their villages;

8and all the villages that were around these cities to Baalath Beer, Ramah of the South. This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families.

9Out of the part of the children of Judah was the inheritance of the children of Simeon; for the portion of the children of Judah was too much for them. Therefore the children of Simeon had inheritance in the middle of their inheritance.

10The third lot came up for the children of Zebulun according to their families. The border of their inheritance was to Sarid.

11Their border went up westward, even to Maralah, and reached to Dabbesheth. It reached to the brook that is before Jokneam.

12It turned from Sarid eastward toward the sunrise to the border of Chisloth Tabor. It went out to Daberath, and went up to Japhia.

13From there it passed along eastward to Gath Hepher, to Ethkazin; and it went out at Rimmon which stretches to Neah.

14The border turned around it on the north to Hannathon; and it ended at the valley of Iphtah El;

15Kattath, Nahalal, Shimron, Idalah, and Bethlehem: twelve cities with their villages.

16This is the inheritance of the children of Zebulun according to their families, these cities with their villages.

17The fourth lot came out for Issachar, even for the children of Issachar according to their families.

18Their border was to Jezreel, Chesulloth, Shunem,

19Hapharaim, Shion, Anaharath,

20Rabbith, Kishion, Ebez,

21Remeth, Engannim, En Haddah, and Beth Pazzez.

22The border reached to Tabor, Shahazumah, and Beth Shemesh. Their border ended at the Jordan: sixteen cities with their villages.

23This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Issachar according to their families, the cities with their villages.

24The fifth lot came out for the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families.

25Their border was Helkath, Hali, Beten, Achshaph,

26Allammelech, Amad, Mishal. It reached to Carmel westward, and to Shihorlibnath.

27It turned toward the sunrise to Beth Dagon, and reached to Zebulun, and to the valley of Iphtah El northward to Beth Emek and Neiel. It went out to Cabul on the left hand,

28and Ebron, Rehob, Hammon, and Kanah, even to great Sidon.

29The border turned to Ramah, to the fortified city of Tyre; and the border turned to Hosah. It ended at the sea by the region of Achzib;

30Ummah also, and Aphek, and Rehob: twenty-two cities with their villages.

31This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families, these cities with their villages.

32The sixth lot came out for the children of Naphtali, even for the children of Naphtali according to their families.

33Their border was from Heleph, from the oak in Zaanannim, Adami-nekeb, and Jabneel, to Lakkum. It ended at the Jordan.

34The border turned westward to Aznoth Tabor, and went out from there to Hukkok. It reached to Zebulun on the south, and reached to Asher on the west, and to Judah at the Jordan toward the sunrise.

35The fortified cities were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Chinnereth,

36Adamah, Ramah, Hazor,

37Kedesh, Edrei, En Hazor,

38Iron, Migdal El, Horem, Beth Anath, and Beth Shemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.

39This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Naphtali according to their families, the cities with their villages.

40The seventh lot came out for the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families.

41The border of their inheritance was Zorah, Eshtaol, Irshemesh,

42Shaalabbin, Aijalon, Ithlah,

43Elon, Timnah, Ekron,

44Eltekeh, Gibbethon, Baalath,

45Jehud, Bene Berak, Gath Rimmon,

46Me Jarkon, and Rakkon, with the border over against Joppa.

47The border of the children of Dan went out beyond them; for the children of Dan went up and fought against Leshem, and took it, and struck it with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and lived therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their forefather.

48This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families, these cities with their villages.

49So they finished distributing the land for inheritance by its borders. The children of Israel gave an inheritance to Joshua the son of Nun among them.

50According to Yahweh’s commandment, they gave him the city which he asked, even Timnathserah in the hill country of Ephraim; and he built the city, and lived there.

51These are the inheritances, which Eleazar the priest, Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers’ houses of the tribes of the children of Israel, distributed for inheritance by lot in Shiloh before Yahweh, at the door of the Tent of Meeting. So they finished dividing the land.

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Summary

The remaining allotments are assigned by lot: Simeon receives towns within Judah's territory since Judah's portion proved too large, followed by Zebulun, Issachar, Asher, and Naphtali, each described with its boundaries and cities (vv. 1-39). Dan receives the last allotment, but when the tribe struggles to take its assigned territory, its people go on to capture the city of Leshem in the north and rename it Dan (vv. 40-48). Finally, Israel gives Joshua himself an inheritance in the hill country of Ephraim; at the LORD's command, he receives and rebuilds the town of Timnath-serah, where he settles (vv. 49-51).

Authorship & Background

Author: Joshua, with possible later editorial additions (such as the account of his own death in 24:29-31). Joshua was Moses' assistant and successor who led Israel into the Promised Land. The book covers approximately 25 years (1406-1381 BC). Hebrew name: 'Yehoshua' = 'YHWH saves' (the same name as Jesus in Greek).
Classification: Historical Narrative — Land Allotment
Key Themes: Simeon's towns inside Judah's territory, the northern tribes that would become Galilee, Dan's portion and later migration, and Joshua receiving his own inheritance last of anyone
Purpose: To record God's faithfulness in fulfilling His land promise to Abraham (Genesis 15:18-21) and to demonstrate that victory comes through faith and obedience, not human strength.
Historical Context: The remaining allotments are recorded: Simeon, whose towns lie inside Judah's territory, fulfilling Jacob's word that Simeon and Levi would be scattered in Israel (Genesis 49:7); then Zebulun, Issachar, Asher, Naphtali and Dan. Much of this land would become Galilee, where Jesus spent most of His ministry — Nazareth sat in Zebulun, and Isaiah's promise that Galilee of the nations would see a great light (Isaiah 9:1-2) attaches to these boundaries. Dan's portion proves too confined and the tribe later migrates north, an unsettled episode Judges 18 records without approval. The chapter ends with Joshua receiving his own inheritance last of all, Timnath-serah in Ephraim. The leader who apportioned the land to everyone else took his share only when the work was done.
Simeon Within Judah (vv.1-9): Simeon's inheritance lies inside Judah's, because Judah's portion was too much for them. The arrangement fulfils Jacob's word in Genesis 49 that Simeon and Levi would be divided in Jacob and scattered in Israel — a curse pronounced over the massacre at Shechem, worked out here as a tribe with towns but no separate territory.
Zebulun (vv.10-16): Zebulun's border is traced through Sarid, Chisloth-tabor and Japhia, twelve cities with their villages. Nazareth sits in this territory, though it is not named — too small to appear in a register of this kind. Isaiah 9's promise that Galilee of the nations would see a great light attaches to these boundaries.
Issachar (vv.17-23): Issachar receives Jezreel, Shunem and Beth-shemesh among sixteen cities. The Jezreel valley is the most fertile ground in the country and the most fought over, which is why Megiddo nearby lends its name to Armageddon in Revelation.
Asher (vv.24-31): Asher's territory runs along the coast north to Tyre and Sidon, with twenty-two cities. Jacob's blessing had said Asher's bread would be fat — coastal trade rather than farming. The tribe never fully dispossessed the Phoenician cities on its border.
Naphtali (vv.32-39): Naphtali takes the north-eastern hills and the western shore of the Sea of Galilee, nineteen cities including Hazor, Kedesh and Chinnereth. Capernaum lies in this territory, which means most of the Gospels' geography sits in the last three allotments recorded in this chapter.
Dan, and Joshua's Own Portion (vv.40-51): Dan's portion is small and coastal, including Zorah and Eshtaol, and Judges 18 records the tribe migrating north because it could not hold it — v.47 already notes them taking Leshem and renaming it Dan. Then the chapter's last note: Joshua receives Timnath-serah, and he receives it last, after every tribe has been settled. The leader takes his portion when the work is finished.

Map & Geography

  • Six tribes receive allotments: Simeon (within Judah's territory, far south), Zebulun and Issachar (Jezreel Valley area), Asher (northwestern coast), Naphtali (upper Galilee), Dan (western lowlands near Philistia)
  • Joshua receives Timnath-serah in the hill country of Ephraim — his personal inheritance
  • Dan's allotment proves too small; they will later migrate north (Judges 18)

Places on this map

  • Galileenorthern IsraelThe northern hill country above the Jezreel Valley, wetter and greener than Judah and crossed by the trade road to Damascus. That traffic is why Judeans considered it mixed and provincial, and why Jesus grew up hearing more than one language. Wikipedia
  • Philistiasouthern coastal Israel and GazaThe coastal plain south of Joppa, held by a league of five cities: Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Gath and Ekron. Flat, fertile and on the trade road, it gave the Philistines chariots and iron while Israel held the hills above them. Wikipedia
  • Jezreel Valleynorthern IsraelThe one flat corridor cutting across the country from the coast to the Jordan, dividing Galilee from the central hills. Good chariot ground, which is why every invading army and most of Israel's decisive battles ended up here. Wikipedia
  • DanTel Dan, IsraelAt the largest of the Jordan's headwater springs under Mount Hermon, the northern limit of Israel. Jeroboam set his second golden calf here, as far from Jerusalem as he could get. Wikipedia
  • Ephraimcentral West BankThe central hill country north of Benjamin, the largest and best watered of the northern territories. It dominated the north so thoroughly that the prophets use Ephraim to mean the whole northern kingdom. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik highlights Joshua's humility in taking his inheritance last. He also notes that Dan's migration north was not an act of faith but of failure — they abandoned their God-given territory because it was too hard. The contrast between Dan (who fled difficulty) and Caleb (who embraced it) is stark.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Joshua 19 Summary: 5 Minute Bible Study
2BeLikeChrist

Abide Overview - Joshua 15-24, Judges 1-4, John 1-4, 1 Corinthians 14-16
David Guzik

Joshua 18-19 | The New Garden of Eden | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Joshua -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Discipline Turned Into Provision (v.9) — Simeon, whose tribe was under a pronouncement of scattering in Genesis 49, receives cities within Judah's strong territory rather than being cast aside. Where has God shown mercy to you in the midst of consequences you rightly deserved?
  • Abandoning the Assignment (v.47) — When Dan's allotted territory proves difficult to hold, they leave it behind and go conquer an easier city to the north instead. When God's calling for you gets hard, are you tempted to look for an easier substitute rather than persevere where He placed you?
  • Taking the Last, and the Hardest, Portion (vv.49-50) — Joshua, who led every campaign, waits until all the tribes are provided for and then asks for a ruined city he must rebuild himself. Does your leadership look like serving others first, or securing the best for yourself?
  • A Promise Fully Kept (v.51) — With this final allotment, the entire land distribution commanded by God through Moses generations earlier is now complete. Where do you need to trust that God will finish what He's promised, even when fulfillment is taking far longer than expected?