Joshua — Chapter 7

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1But the children of Israel committed a trespass in the accursed thing: for Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, took of the accursed thing: and the anger of the LORD was kindled against the children of Israel.

2And Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is beside Beth-aven, on the east side of Bethel, and spake unto them, saying, Go up and view the country. And the men went up and viewed Ai.

3And they returned to Joshua, and said unto him, Let not all the people go up; but let about two or three thousand men go up and smite Ai; and make not all the people to labour thither; for they are but few.

4So there went up thither of the people about three thousand men: and they fled before the men of Ai.

5And the men of Ai smote of them about thirty and six men: for they chased them from before the gate even unto Shebarim, and smote them in the going down: wherefore the hearts of the people melted, and became as water.

6And Joshua rent his clothes, and fell to the earth upon his face before the ark of the LORD until the eventide, he and the elders of Israel, and put dust upon their heads.

7And Joshua said, Alas, O Lord GOD, wherefore hast thou at all brought this people over Jordan, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites, to destroy us? would to God we had been content, and dwelt on the other side Jordan!

8O Lord, what shall I say, when Israel turneth their backs before their enemies!

9For the Canaanites and all the inhabitants of the land shall hear of it, and shall environ us round, and cut off our name from the earth: and what wilt thou do unto thy great name?

10And the LORD said unto Joshua, Get thee up; wherefore liest thou thus upon thy face?

11Israel hath sinned, and they have also transgressed my covenant which I commanded them: for they have even taken of the accursed thing, and have also stolen, and dissembled also, and they have put it even among their own stuff.

12Therefore the children of Israel could not stand before their enemies, but turned their backs before their enemies, because they were accursed: neither will I be with you any more, except ye destroy the accursed from among you.

13Up, sanctify the people, and say, Sanctify yourselves against to morrow: for thus saith the LORD God of Israel, There is an accursed thing in the midst of thee, O Israel: thou canst not stand before thine enemies, until ye take away the accursed thing from among you.

14In the morning therefore ye shall be brought according to your tribes: and it shall be, that the tribe which the LORD taketh shall come according to the families thereof; and the family which the LORD shall take shall come by households; and the household which the LORD shall take shall come man by man.

15And it shall be, that he that is taken with the accursed thing shall be burnt with fire, he and all that he hath: because he hath transgressed the covenant of the LORD, and because he hath wrought folly in Israel.

16So Joshua rose up early in the morning, and brought Israel by their tribes; and the tribe of Judah was taken:

17And he brought the family of Judah; and he took the family of the Zarhites: and he brought the family of the Zarhites man by man; and Zabdi was taken:

18And he brought his household man by man; and Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, was taken.

19And Joshua said unto Achan, My son, give, I pray thee, glory to the LORD God of Israel, and make confession unto him; and tell me now what thou hast done; hide it not from me.

20And Achan answered Joshua, and said, Indeed I have sinned against the LORD God of Israel, and thus and thus have I done:

21When I saw among the spoils a goodly Babylonish garment, and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold of fifty shekels weight, then I coveted them, and took them; and, behold, they are hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.

22So Joshua sent messengers, and they ran unto the tent; and, behold, it was hid in his tent, and the silver under it.

23And they took them out of the midst of the tent, and brought them unto Joshua, and unto all the children of Israel, and laid them out before the LORD.

24And Joshua, and all Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, and the silver, and the garment, and the wedge of gold, and his sons, and his daughters, and his oxen, and his asses, and his sheep, and his tent, and all that he had: and they brought them unto the valley of Achor.

25And Joshua said, Why hast thou troubled us? the LORD shall trouble thee this day. And all Israel stoned him with stones, and burned them with fire, after they had stoned them with stones.

26And they raised over him a great heap of stones unto this day. So the LORD turned from the fierceness of his anger. Wherefore the name of that place was called, The valley of Achor, unto this day.

1But the children of Israel committed a trespass in the devoted thing; for Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, took of the devoted thing: and the anger of Jehovah was kindled against the children of Israel.

2And Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is beside Beth-aven, on the east side of Beth-el, and spake unto them, saying, Go up and spy out the land. And the men went up and spied out Ai.

3And they returned to Joshua, and said unto him, Let not all the people go up; but let about two or three thousand men go up and smite Ai; make not all the people to toil thither; for they are but few.

4So there went up thither of the people about three thousand men: and they fled before the men of Ai.

5And the men of Ai smote of them about thirty and six men; and they chased them [from] before the gate even unto Shebarim, and smote them at the descent; and the hearts of the people melted, and became as water.

6And Joshua rent his clothes, and fell to the earth upon his face before the ark of Jehovah until the evening, he and the elders of Israel; and they put dust upon their heads.

7And Joshua said, Alas, O Lord Jehovah, wherefore hast thou at all brought this people over the Jordan, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites, to cause us to perish? would that we had been content and dwelt beyond the Jordan!

8Oh, Lord, what shall I say, after that Israel hath turned their backs before their enemies!

9For the Canaanites and all the inhabitants of the land will hear of it, and will compass us round, and cut off our name from the earth: and what wilt thou do for thy great name?

10And Jehovah said unto Joshua, Get thee up; wherefore art thou thus fallen upon thy face?

11Israel hath sinned; yea, they have even transgressed my covenant which I commanded them: yea, they have even taken of the devoted thing, and have also stolen, and dissembled also; and they have even put it among their own stuff.

12Therefore the children of Israel cannot stand before their enemies; they turn their backs before their enemies, because they are become accursed: I will not be with you any more, except ye destroy the devoted thing from among you.

13Up, sanctify the people, and say, Sanctify yourselves against tomorrow: for thus saith Jehovah, the God of Israel, There is a devoted thing in the midst of thee, O Israel; thou canst not stand before thine enemies, until ye take away the devoted thing from among you.

14In the morning therefore ye shall be brought near by your tribes: and it shall be, that the tribe which Jehovah taketh shall come near by families; and the family which Jehovah shall take shall come near by households; and the household which Jehovah shall take shall come near man by man.

15And it shall be, that he that is taken with the devoted thing shall be burnt with fire, he and all that he hath; because he hath transgressed the covenant of Jehovah, and because he hath wrought folly in Israel.

16So Joshua rose up early in the morning, and brought Israel near by their tribes; and the tribe of Judah was taken:

17and he brought near the family of Judah; and he took the family of the Zerahites: and he brought near the family of the Zerahites man by man; and Zabdi was taken:

18and he brought near his household man by man; and Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, was taken.

19And Joshua said unto Achan, My son, give, I pray thee, glory to Jehovah, the God of Israel, and make confession unto him; and tell me now what thou hast done; hide it not from me.

20And Achan answered Joshua, and said, Of a truth I have sinned against Jehovah, the God of Israel, and thus and thus have I done:

21when I saw among the spoil a goodly Babylonish mantle, and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold of fifty shekels weight, then I coveted them, and took them; and, behold, they are hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.

22So Joshua sent messengers, and they ran unto the tent; and, behold, it was hid in his tent, and the silver under it.

23And they took them from the midst of the tent, and brought them unto Joshua, and unto all the children of Israel; and they laid them down before Jehovah.

24And Joshua, and all Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, and the silver, and the mantle, and the wedge of gold, and his sons, and his daughters, and his oxen, and his asses, and his sheep, and his tent, and all that he had: and they brought them up unto the valley of Achor.

25And Joshua said, Why hast thou troubled us? Jehovah shall trouble thee this day. And all Israel stoned him with stones; and they burned them with fire, and stoned them with stones.

26And they raised over him a great heap of stones, unto this day; and Jehovah turned from the fierceness of his anger. Wherefore the name of that place was called, The valley of Achor, unto this day.

1But the Israelites disobeyed the command about the city’s riches. Achan son of Carmi, son of Zabdi, son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, stole some of the riches. The Lord was furious with the Israelites.

2Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai (which is located near Beth Aven, east of Bethel) and instructed them, “Go up and spy on the land.” So the men went up and spied on Ai.

3They returned and reported to Joshua, “Don’t send the whole army. About two or three thousand men are adequate to defeat Ai. Don’t tire out the whole army, for Ai is small.”

4So about 3,000 men went up, but they fled from the men of Ai.

5The men of Ai killed about thirty-six of them and chased them from in front of the city gate all the way to the fissures and defeated them on the steep slope. The people’s courage melted away like water.

6Joshua tore his clothes; he and the leaders of Israel lay face down on the ground before the ark of the Lord until evening and threw dirt on their heads.

7Joshua prayed, “O, Sovereign Lord! Why did you bring these people across the Jordan to hand us over to the Amorites so they could destroy us? If only we had been satisfied to live on the other side of the Jordan!

8O Lord, what can I say now that Israel has retreated before its enemies?

9When the Canaanites and all who live in the land hear about this, they will turn against us and destroy the very memory of us from the earth. What will you do to protect your great reputation?”

10The Lord responded to Joshua, “Get up! Why are you lying there face down?

11Israel has sinned; they have violated my covenantal commandment! They have taken some of the riches; they have stolen them and deceitfully put them among their own possessions.

12The Israelites are unable to stand before their enemies; they retreat because they have become subject to annihilation. I will no longer be with you, unless you destroy what has contaminated you.

13Get up! Ritually consecrate the people and tell them this: ‘Ritually consecrate yourselves for tomorrow because this is what the Lord God of Israel has said, “You are contaminated, O Israel! You will not be able to stand before your enemies until you remove what is contaminating you.”

14In the morning you must approach in tribal order. The tribe the Lord selects must approach by clans. The clan the Lord selects must approach by families. The family the Lord selects must approach man by man.

15The one caught with the riches must be burned up along with all who belong to him because he violated the Lord’s covenant and did such a disgraceful thing in Israel.’”

16Bright and early the next morning Joshua made Israel approach in tribal order, and the tribe of Judah was selected.

17He then made the clans of Judah approach, and the clan of the Zerahites was selected. He made the clan of the Zerahites approach, and Zabdi was selected.

18He then made Zabdi’s family approach man by man and Achan son of Carmi, son of Zabdi, son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, was selected.

19So Joshua said to Achan, “My son, honor the Lord God of Israel and give him praise! Tell me what you did; don’t hide anything from me.”

20Achan told Joshua, “It is true. I have sinned against the Lord God of Israel in this way:

21I saw among the goods we seized a nice robe from Babylon, 200 silver pieces, and a bar of gold weighing 50 shekels. I wanted them, so I took them. They are hidden in the ground right in the middle of my tent, with the silver underneath.”

22Joshua sent messengers who ran to the tent. The things were hidden right in his tent, with the silver underneath.

23They took it all from the middle of the tent, brought it to Joshua and all the Israelites, and placed it before the Lord.

24Then Joshua and all Israel took Achan, son of Zerah, along with the silver, the robe, the bar of gold, his sons, daughters, oxen, donkeys, sheep, tent, and all that belonged to him and brought them up to the Valley of Disaster.

25Joshua said, “Why have you brought disaster on us? The Lord will bring disaster on you today!” All Israel stoned him to death. (They also stoned and burned the others.)

26Then they erected over him a large pile of stones (it remains to this very day), and the Lord’s anger subsided. So that place is called the Valley of Disaster to this very day.

1But the children of Israel committed a trespass in the devoted things; for Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, took some of the devoted things. Therefore Yahweh’s anger burned against the children of Israel.

2Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is beside Beth Aven, on the east side of Bethel, and spoke to them, saying, “Go up and spy out the land.” The men went up and spied out Ai.

3They returned to Joshua, and said to him, “Don’t let all the people go up; but let about two or three thousand men go up and strike Ai. Don’t make all the people to toil there, for there are only a few of them.”

4So about three thousand men of the people went up there, and they fled before the men of Ai.

5The men of Ai struck about thirty-six men of them, and they chased them from before the gate even to Shebarim, and struck them at the descent. The hearts of the people melted, and became like water.

6Joshua tore his clothes, and fell to the earth on his face before Yahweh’s ark until the evening, he and the elders of Israel; and they put dust on their heads.

7Joshua said, “Alas, Lord Yahweh, why have you brought this people over the Jordan at all, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites, to cause us to perish? I wish that we had been content and lived beyond the Jordan!

8Oh, Lord, what shall I say, after Israel has turned their backs before their enemies!

9For the Canaanites and all the inhabitants of the land will hear of it, and will surround us, and cut off our name from the earth. What will you do for your great name?”

10Yahweh said to Joshua, “Get up! Why have you fallen on your face like that?

11Israel has sinned. Yes, they have even transgressed my covenant which I commanded them. Yes, they have even taken some of the devoted things, and have also stolen, and also deceived. They have even put it among their own stuff.

12Therefore the children of Israel can’t stand before their enemies. They turn their backs before their enemies, because they have become devoted for destruction. I will not be with you any more, unless you destroy the devoted things from among you.

13“Get up! Sanctify the people, and say, ‘Sanctify yourselves for tomorrow, for Yahweh, the God of Israel, says, “There is a devoted thing among you, Israel. You cannot stand before your enemies until you take away the devoted thing from among you.”

14“‘In the morning therefore you shall be brought near by your tribes. It shall be that the tribe which Yahweh selects shall come near by families. The family which Yahweh selects shall come near by households. The household which Yahweh selects shall come near man by man.

15It shall be, that he who is taken with the devoted thing shall be burned with fire, he and all that he has, because he has transgressed Yahweh’s covenant, and because he has done a disgraceful thing in Israel.’”

16So Joshua rose up early in the morning and brought Israel near by their tribes. The tribe of Judah was selected.

17He brought near the family of Judah; and he selected the family of the Zerahites. He brought near the family of the Zerahites man by man, and Zabdi was selected.

18He brought near his household man by man, and Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, was selected.

19Joshua said to Achan, “My son, please give glory to Yahweh, the God of Israel, and make confession to him. Tell me now what you have done! Don’t hide it from me!”

20Achan answered Joshua, and said, “I have truly sinned against Yahweh, the God of Israel, and this is what I have done.

21When I saw among the plunder a beautiful Babylonian robe, two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold weighing fifty shekels, then I coveted them and took them. Behold, they are hidden in the ground in the middle of my tent, with the silver under it.”

22So Joshua sent messengers, and they ran to the tent. Behold, it was hidden in his tent, with the silver under it.

23They took them from the middle of the tent, and brought them to Joshua and to all the children of Israel. They laid them down before Yahweh.

24Joshua, and all Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, the silver, the robe, the wedge of gold, his sons, his daughters, his cattle, his donkeys, his sheep, his tent, and all that he had; and they brought them up to the valley of Achor.

25Joshua said, “Why have you troubled us? Yahweh will trouble you today.” All Israel stoned him with stones, and they burned them with fire and stoned them with stones.

26They raised over him a great heap of stones that remains to this day. Yahweh turned from the fierceness of his anger. Therefore the name of that place was called “The valley of Achor” to this day.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Reflection

Summary

Achan's secret sin causes Israel's defeat at Ai, and thirty-six men die. God reveals the hidden theft; Achan and his household are stoned and burned in the Valley of Achor.

Authorship & Background

Author: Joshua, with possible later editorial additions. Joshua was Moses' assistant and successor, who led Israel into the Promised Land. The book covers approximately 25 years (1406-1381 BC) — from the crossing of the Jordan to Joshua's death. Hebrew title: 'Yehoshua' — 'YHWH saves' (the same name as Jesus in Greek). The book demonstrates God's faithfulness to His land promise to Abraham (Genesis 15:18-21) and shows that victory comes through faith and obedience, not human strength.
Historical Context: Chapter 7 records Israel's first defeat — and its cause: Achan's sin. After the miraculous victory at Jericho, Israel suffers a shocking rout at the small city of Ai. The contrast is deliberate: chapter 6 shows what happens when Israel obeys completely; chapter 7 shows what happens when even ONE person disobeys. Achan took "devoted things" (cherem) from Jericho — a Babylonian garment, silver, and gold — violating the explicit command of 6:18. His private sin brought public defeat: 36 men died, the army fled, and Israel's hearts "melted" (the same word used of the Canaanites in 2:11 and 5:1). The chapter teaches the corporate nature of sin in covenant community — one man's transgression affects the entire nation. God declares "Israel hath sinned" (v.11) though only Achan acted. The sin is discovered through a process of elimination by lot (tribe → clan → household → individual), and Achan is executed with his family and possessions in the Valley of Achor ("trouble"). Only after the sin is purged does God's anger turn away.
Israel's Defeat at Ai (vv.1-5): The chapter opens with the narrator's explanation: Achan "took of the accursed thing" and "the anger of the LORD was kindled against the children of Israel" (v.1). Unaware of the sin, Joshua sends spies to Ai (v.2). They report it is small — only two or three thousand men needed (v.3). But when 3,000 attack, they are routed: 36 killed, the rest chased to Shebarim (v.5). "The hearts of the people melted, and became as water" (v.5) — the same terror that gripped the Canaanites now grips Israel.
Joshua's Lament (vv.6-9): Joshua tears his clothes, falls before the ark, and puts dust on his head — signs of extreme grief (v.6). His prayer echoes Israel's wilderness complaints: "wherefore hast thou at all brought this people over Jordan, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites?" (v.7). He fears the Canaanites will hear of the defeat and destroy Israel (v.9). His final appeal: "what wilt thou do unto thy great name?" (v.9) — God's reputation is at stake.
God's Response (vv.10-15): God's answer is blunt: "Get thee up; wherefore liest thou thus upon thy face?" (v.10). This is not a time for prayer but for action. "Israel hath sinned, and they have also transgressed my covenant" (v.11). The charges: they have taken devoted things, stolen, lied ("dissembled"), and hidden them (v.11). The consequence: "neither will I be with you any more, except ye destroy the accursed from among you" (v.12). God's presence — the guarantee of victory — is withdrawn because of sin. The remedy: consecrate the people, identify the sinner by lot, and execute judgment (vv.13-15).
Achan Discovered (vv.16-23): The lot narrows: tribe of Judah → clan of Zerah → household of Zabdi → Achan son of Carmi (vv.16-18). Joshua addresses him tenderly: "My son, give glory to the LORD God of Israel, and make confession" (v.19). Achan confesses: "I saw... I coveted... I took" (v.21) — the same progression as Eve in Eden (Genesis 3:6). The items: a Babylonian garment, 200 shekels of silver, a gold bar of 50 shekels — hidden in the ground under his tent (v.21). Messengers confirm the find (vv.22-23).
Judgment in the Valley of Achor (vv.24-26): Achan, his family, his possessions, and the stolen goods are brought to the Valley of Achor (v.24). Joshua pronounces: "Why hast thou troubled us? the LORD shall trouble thee this day" (v.25) — a wordplay on "Achor" (trouble). All Israel stones him, then burns everything (v.25). A great heap of stones marks the spot (v.26). "So the LORD turned from the fierceness of his anger" (v.26). Justice satisfied, God's wrath is appeased.

Map & Geography

  • Ai: A city in the central hill country, near Bethel — about 15 miles west and uphill from Jericho
  • The Valley of Achor: Where Achan is judged; located in the wilderness between Jericho and Ai
  • The ascent from Jericho to Ai represented Israel's push from the Jordan Valley into the highlands

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik notes the overconfidence of the spies' report — "they are but few" — showing that Israel was already operating in presumption rather than dependence on God. He emphasizes that Achan's sin was not impulsive but deliberate: he saw, coveted, took, and carefully hid the items. The corporate nature of sin in covenant community is a key theme — one person's hidden sin can bring defeat to an entire church.
  • Charles Spurgeon: "Achan thought his sin was secret — buried under his tent where no eye could see. But God saw. And the whole camp suffered for what one man hid. There is no such thing as private sin in the body of Christ. Your hidden disobedience weakens the whole army. Your secret compromise costs others their victory. Dig it up. Confess it. Destroy it. Before it destroys you and those around you."

Reflection

  • 1. One person's sin affects the whole community (v.1). Achan sinned alone, but 36 men died and all Israel was defeated. In the body of Christ, there is no truly "private" sin. Hidden disobedience weakens the entire church. Your secret compromise may be costing others their victory.
  • 2. The anatomy of sin: saw → coveted → took (v.21). The same pattern from Eden to today. Sin enters through the eyes, takes root in desire, and produces action. Guard your eyes. Kill covetousness at the root before it produces the fruit of disobedience.
  • 3. Overconfidence after victory (vv.2-3). Fresh from Jericho's miraculous fall, the spies say "they are but few" — no need for the whole army. They did not consult God. Victory breeds presumption. The moment after your greatest triumph is your moment of greatest vulnerability.
  • 4. God's presence is conditional on holiness (v.12). "Neither will I be with you any more, except ye destroy the accursed from among you." God does not tolerate sin in His camp. His presence — the source of all victory — withdraws when we harbor what He has forbidden. Deal with sin or lose God's power.
  • 5. Hidden sin will be found (vv.16-18). Achan buried the evidence under his tent. God found it anyway — narrowing from 2 million people to one man through the lot. "Be sure your sin will find you out" (Numbers 32:23). It is better to confess voluntarily than to be exposed publicly.
  • 6. The severity of God (vv.24-26). Achan and his family are stoned and burned. This seems harsh — but it demonstrates the seriousness of covenant violation. God is not casual about sin. The severity of the judgment matches the severity of the offense: Achan's sin cost 36 lives and nearly cost the entire conquest.