Job — Chapter 16

Loading ESV text...

1Then Job answered:

2“I have heard many things like these; miserable comforters are you all.

3Is there no end to your long-winded speeches? What provokes you to continue testifying?

4I could also speak like you if you were in my place; I could heap up words against you and shake my head at you.

5But I would encourage you with my mouth, and the consolation of my lips would bring relief.

6Even if I speak, my pain is not relieved, and if I hold back, how will it go away?

7Surely He has now exhausted me; You have devastated all my family.

8You have bound me, and it has become a witness; my frailty rises up and testifies against me.

9His anger has torn me and opposed me; He gnashes His teeth at me. My adversary pierces me with His eyes.

10They open their mouths against me and strike my cheeks with contempt; they join together against me.

11God has delivered me to unjust men; He has thrown me to the clutches of the wicked.

12I was at ease, but He shattered me; He seized me by the neck and crushed me. He has set me up as His target;

13His archers surround me. He pierces my kidneys without mercy and spills my gall on the ground.

14He breaks me with wound upon wound; He rushes me like a mighty warrior.

15I have sewn sackcloth over my skin; I have buried my horn in the dust.

16My face is red with weeping, and deep shadows ring my eyes;

17yet my hands are free of violence and my prayer is pure.

18O earth, do not cover my blood; may my cry for help never be laid to rest.

19Even now my witness is in heaven, and my advocate is on high.

20My friends are my scoffers as my eyes pour out tears to God.

21Oh, that a man might plead with God as he pleads with his neighbor!

22For when only a few years are past I will go the way of no return.

1Then Job answered and said,

2I have heard many such things: miserable comforters are ye all.

3Shall vain words have an end? or what emboldeneth thee that thou answerest?

4I also could speak as ye do: if your soul were in my soul’s stead, I could heap up words against you, and shake mine head at you.

5But I would strengthen you with my mouth, and the moving of my lips should asswage your grief.

6Though I speak, my grief is not asswaged: and though I forbear, what am I eased?

7But now he hath made me weary: thou hast made desolate all my company.

8And thou hast filled me with wrinkles, which is a witness against me: and my leanness rising up in me beareth witness to my face.

9He teareth me in his wrath, who hateth me: he gnasheth upon me with his teeth; mine enemy sharpeneth his eyes upon me.

10They have gaped upon me with their mouth; they have smitten me upon the cheek reproachfully; they have gathered themselves together against me.

11God hath delivered me to the ungodly, and turned me over into the hands of the wicked.

12I was at ease, but he hath broken me asunder: he hath also taken me by my neck, and shaken me to pieces, and set me up for his mark.

13His archers compass me round about, he cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the ground.

14He breaketh me with breach upon breach, he runneth upon me like a giant.

15I have sewed sackcloth upon my skin, and defiled my horn in the dust.

16My face is foul with weeping, and my eyelids is the shadow of death;

17Not for any injustice in mine hands: also my prayer is pure.

18O earth, cover not thou my blood, and let my cry have no place.

19Also now, behold, my witness is in heaven, and my record is on high.

20My friends scorn me: but mine eye poureth out tears unto God.

21Oh that one might plead for a man with God, as a man pleadeth for his neighbour!

22When a few years are come, then I shall go the way whence I shall not return.

1Then Job answered and said,

2I have heard many such things: Miserable comforters are ye all.

3Shall vain words have an end? Or what provoketh thee that thou answerest?

4I also could speak as ye do; If your soul were in my soul`s stead, I could join words together against you, And shake my head at you.

5[But] I would strengthen you with my mouth, And the solace of my lips would assuage [your grief].

6Though I speak, my grief is not assuaged; And though I forbear, what am I eased?

7But now he hath made me weary: Thou hast made desolate all my company.

8And thou hast laid fast hold on me, [which] is a witness [against me]: And my leanness riseth up against me, It testifieth to my face.

9He hath torn me in his wrath, and persecuted me; He hath gnashed upon me with his teeth: Mine adversary sharpeneth his eyes upon me.

10They have gaped upon me with their mouth; They have smitten me upon the cheek reproachfully: They gather themselves together against me.

11God delivereth me to the ungodly, And casteth me into the hands of the wicked.

12I was at ease, and he brake me asunder; Yea, he hath taken me by the neck, and dashed me to pieces: He hath also set me up for his mark.

13His archers compass me round about; He cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; He poureth out my gall upon the ground.

14He breaketh me with breach upon breach; He runneth upon me like a giant.

15I have sewed sackcloth upon my skin, And have laid my horn in the dust.

16My face is red with weeping, And on my eyelids is the shadow of death;

17Although there is no violence in my hands, And my prayer is pure.

18O earth, cover not thou my blood, And let my cry have no [resting] -place.

19Even now, behold, my witness is in heaven, And he that voucheth for me is on high.

20My friends scoff at me: [But] mine eye poureth out tears unto God,

21That he would maintain the right of a man with God, And of a son of man with his neighbor!

22For when a few years are come, I shall go the way whence I shall not return.

1Then Job replied:

2“I have heard many things like these before. What miserable comforters are you all!

3Will there be an end to your windy words? Or what provokes you that you answer?

4I also could speak like you, if you were in my place; I could pile up words against you, and I could shake my head at you.

5But I would strengthen you with my words; comfort from my lips would bring you relief.

6“But if I speak, my pain is not relieved, and if I refrain from speaking, how much of it goes away?

7Surely now he has worn me out; you have devastated my entire household.

8You have seized me, and it has become a witness; my leanness has risen up against me and testifies against me.

9His anger has torn me and persecuted me; he has gnashed at me with his teeth; my adversary locks his eyes on me.

10People have opened their mouths against me; they have struck my cheek in scorn; they unite together against me.

11God abandons me to evil men, and throws me into the hands of wicked men.

12I was in peace, and he has shattered me. He has seized me by the neck and crushed me. He has made me his target;

13his archers surround me. Without pity he pierces my kidneys and pours out my gall on the ground.

14He breaks through against me, time and time again; he rushes against me like a warrior.

15I have sewed sackcloth on my skin and buried my horn in the dust;

16my face is reddened because of weeping, and on my eyelids there is a deep darkness,

17although there is no violence in my hands and my prayer is pure.

18“O earth, do not cover my blood, nor let there be a secret place for my cry.

19Even now my witness is in heaven; my advocate is on high.

20My intercessor is my friend as my eyes pour out tears to God;

21and he contends with God on behalf of man as a man pleads for his friend.

22For the years that lie ahead are few, and then I will go on the way of no return.

1Then Job answered,

2“I have heard many such things. You are all miserable comforters!

3Shall vain words have an end? Or what provokes you that you answer?

4I also could speak as you do. If your soul were in my soul’s place, I could join words together against you, and shake my head at you,

5but I would strengthen you with my mouth. The solace of my lips would relieve you.

6“Though I speak, my grief is not subsided. Though I forbear, what am I eased?

7But now, God, you have surely worn me out. You have made desolate all my company.

8You have shriveled me up. This is a witness against me. My leanness rises up against me. It testifies to my face.

9He has torn me in his wrath, and persecuted me. He has gnashed on me with his teeth. My adversary sharpens his eyes on me.

10They have gaped on me with their mouth. They have struck me on the cheek reproachfully. They gather themselves together against me.

11God delivers me to the ungodly, and casts me into the hands of the wicked.

12I was at ease, and he broke me apart. Yes, he has taken me by the neck, and dashed me to pieces. He has also set me up for his target.

13His archers surround me. He splits my kidneys apart, and does not spare. He pours out my gall on the ground.

14He breaks me with breach on breach. He runs on me like a giant.

15I have sewed sackcloth on my skin, and have thrust my horn in the dust.

16My face is red with weeping. Deep darkness is on my eyelids.

17Although there is no violence in my hands, and my prayer is pure.

18“Earth, don’t cover my blood. Let my cry have no place to rest.

19Even now, behold, my witness is in heaven. He who vouches for me is on high.

20My friends scoff at me. My eyes pour out tears to God,

21that he would maintain the right of a man with God, of a son of man with his neighbor!

22For when a few years have come, I shall go the way of no return.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

Job replies to Eliphaz calling his friends miserable comforters whose windy words never end, insisting that if their roles were reversed he could pile up empty arguments too, but would instead offer real comfort and relief (vv. 1-5). He describes God as the one who has worn him out, torn his household apart, and turned into an adversary who gnashes his teeth and locks eyes on him like an attacking warrior, wounding him without pity (vv. 6-14). Wrapped in sackcloth with his face reddened from weeping, Job protests that no violence stains his hands and his prayer remains pure, and he begs the earth not to cover the injustice done to him (vv. 15-18). Remarkably, he appeals past his human accusers to a witness and advocate in heaven, an intercessor who will plead his case with God as a friend pleads for a friend, since his own remaining years are few (vv. 19-22).

Authorship & Background

Author: Unknown. Candidates include Job himself, Moses, Solomon, or an anonymous sage. Likely the oldest book in the Bible by setting (patriarchal era, approximately 2000-1800 BC), though the date of composition is debated. The book addresses the problem of innocent suffering and God's sovereignty.
Historical Context: Chapter 16 begins Job's reply to Eliphaz's second speech and continues through chapter 17. This speech contains some of Job's most vivid descriptions of God's assault upon him (vv.7-14) alongside one of his most remarkable declarations of faith: "my witness is in heaven, and my record is on high" (v.19). Job oscillates between describing God as his attacker and affirming God as his advocate — a paradox that captures the complexity of faith under extreme suffering. He names his friends "miserable comforters" (v.2) — a phrase that has become proverbial. The chapter shows Job at both his most devastated and his most defiant: broken by God yet still appealing to God against God.
Classification: Wisdom Literature
Key Themes: a verdict on his friends that has become proverbial, miserable comforters are ye all, an offer of what real comfort would have looked like, I would strengthen you with my mouth, delivered as a rebuke of what they actually provide, some of Scripture's most violent imagery describing God tearing him in wrath and setting him up as a target for archers, an appeal to the earth itself not to cover his blood, and a sudden declaration in the very midst of that violence, my witness is in heaven, and my record is on high
Miserable Comforters (vv.1-5): "Miserable comforters are ye all" (v.2) — Job's famous verdict on his friends' counsel. Their words are "vain" (empty wind) and their motivation unclear: "what emboldeneth thee that thou answerest?" (v.3). Job reverses the situation: "I also could speak as ye do" — if their positions were reversed, he could heap up words and shake his head at them (v.4). But he would not: "I would strengthen you with my mouth, and the moving of my lips should asswage your grief" (v.5). Job tells them what real comfort looks like — and it is the opposite of what they provide.
God as Attacker (vv.6-14): Some of the most violent imagery in the Bible for God's action against a person. God has "made me weary" and "made desolate all my company" (v.7). God "teareth me in his wrath" and "gnasheth upon me with his teeth" (v.9). God has delivered him to the ungodly (v.11), broken him apart, seized him by the neck, dashed him to pieces, set him up as a target (v.12). God's archers surround him, slashing his kidneys, pouring out his gall (v.13). God "breaketh me with breach upon breach" and "runneth upon me like a giant" (v.14). This is not irreverent — it is Job's honest experience of God's action. He does not explain it away or soften it.
The Witness in Heaven (vv.15-22): In the midst of this devastation, faith erupts: "O earth, cover not thou my blood" (v.18) — Job appeals to creation as witness, like Abel's blood crying from the ground. Then: "Also now, behold, my witness is in heaven, and my record is on high" (v.19). Even though his friends scorn him, Job has an advocate in heaven — his eye "poureth out tears unto God" (v.20). He wishes "one might plead for a man with God, as a man pleadeth for his neighbour" (v.21) — the mediator longing from chapter 9 returns. Job cries out to the very God he describes as his attacker — because he has no one else to turn to.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik traces the development of Job's mediator-theology across the book: arbiter/daysman (9:33), witness in heaven (16:19), redeemer (19:25). Each iteration is more personal, more confident. Job is groping toward a full theology of heavenly intercession — which is only fully revealed in Christ. Guzik also notes the remarkable juxtaposition: Job describes God as his attacker (vv.7-14) and his witness (v.19) simultaneously. He appeals to God against God — the ultimate act of faith.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Job 16 - Bible Study and Explanation in 5 Minute
2BeLikeChrist

Job 15-17 - Job and His Miserable Comforters
David Guzik

Job 15-17 | Job's Reputation | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • BibleProject: bibleproject.com On the whole book: the speech from the whirlwind, and why it answers Job the way it does.
  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Job -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • What Real Comfort Looks Like (v.5) — Job tells his friends that if their roles were reversed, he would use his words to strengthen them rather than accuse them. Does your presence with someone who is suffering tend to strengthen them or add to their burden?
  • Naming God as Attacker Honestly (vv.7-14) — Job describes God's action against him in violent, unflinching terms, refusing to soften or explain away how the pain actually feels. Are you willing to tell God exactly how His actions or His silence feel to you, rather than presenting Him a cleaned-up version of your heart?
  • Appealing to God Against God (v.19) — In the same breath that Job describes God as his attacker, he declares that his witness is in heaven, trusting the very God who wounds him to also vindicate him. When God feels like the source of your pain, can you still bring your case to Him rather than turning away?
  • Tears as a Form of Prayer (v.20) — Job says his eyes pour out tears to God, treating weeping itself as communication with heaven. Do you let your tears be a prayer, or do you feel you need words before God will listen?