Job — Chapter 17

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1My breath is corrupt, my days are extinct, the graves are ready for me.

2Are there not mockers with me? and doth not mine eye continue in their provocation?

3Lay down now, put me in a surety with thee; who is he that will strike hands with me?

4For thou hast hid their heart from understanding: therefore shalt thou not exalt them.

5He that speaketh flattery to his friends, even the eyes of his children shall fail.

6He hath made me also a byword of the people; and aforetime I was as a tabret.

7Mine eye also is dim by reason of sorrow, and all my members are as a shadow.

8Upright men shall be astonied at this, and the innocent shall stir up himself against the hypocrite.

9The righteous also shall hold on his way, and he that hath clean hands shall be stronger and stronger.

10But as for you all, do ye return, and come now: for I cannot find one wise man among you.

11My days are past, my purposes are broken off, even the thoughts of my heart.

12They change the night into day: the light is short because of darkness.

13If I wait, the grave is mine house: I have made my bed in the darkness.

14I have said to corruption, Thou art my father: to the worm, Thou art my mother, and my sister.

15And where is now my hope? as for my hope, who shall see it?

16They shall go down to the bars of the pit, when our rest together is in the dust.

1My spirit is consumed, my days are extinct, The grave is [ready] for me.

2Surely there are mockers with me, And mine eye dwelleth upon their provocation.

3Give now a pledge, be surety for me with thyself; Who is there that will strike hands with me?

4For thou hast hid their heart from understanding: Therefore shalt thou not exalt [them].

5He that denounceth his friends for a prey, Even the eyes of his children shall fail.

6But he hath made me a byword of the people; And they spit in my face.

7Mine eye also is dim by reason of sorrow, And all my members are as a shadow.

8Upright men shall be astonished at this, And the innocent shall stir up himself against the godless.

9Yet shall the righteous hold on his way, And he that hath clean hands shall wax stronger and stronger.

10But as for you all, come on now again; And I shall not find a wise man among you.

11My days are past, my purposes are broken off, Even the thoughts of my heart.

12They change the night into day: The light, [say they], is near unto the darkness.

13If I look for Sheol as my house; If I have spread my couch in the darkness;

14If I have said to corruption, Thou art my father; To the worm, [Thou art] my mother, and my sister;

15Where then is my hope? And as for my hope, who shall see it?

16It shall go down to the bars of Sheol, When once there is rest in the dust.

1My spirit is broken, my days have faded out; the grave awaits me.

2Surely mockery is with me; my eyes must dwell on their hostility.

3Set my pledge beside you. Who else will put up security for me?

4Because you have closed their minds to understanding, therefore you will not exalt them.

5If a man denounces his friends for personal gain, the eyes of his children will fail.

6He has made me a byword to people; I am the one in whose face they spit.

7My eyes have grown dim with grief; my whole frame is but a shadow.

8Upright men are appalled at this; the innocent man is troubled with the godless.

9But the righteous man holds to his way, and the one with clean hands grows stronger.

10“But turn, all of you, and come now! I will not find a wise man among you.

11My days have passed; my plans are shattered, even the desires of my heart.

12These men change night into day; they say, ‘The light is near in the face of darkness.’

13If I hope for the grave to be my home, if I spread out my bed in darkness,

14if I cry out to corruption, ‘You are my father,’ and to the worm, ‘My mother,’ or ‘My sister,’

15where then is my hope? And my hope, who sees it?

16Will it go down to the barred gates of death? Will we descend together into the dust?”

1“My spirit is consumed. My days are extinct, And the grave is ready for me.

2Surely there are mockers with me. My eye dwells on their provocation.

3“Now give a pledge, be collateral for me with yourself. Who is there who will strike hands with me?

4For you have hidden their heart from understanding, Therefore you shall not exalt them.

5He who denounces his friends for plunder, Even the eyes of his children shall fail.

6“But he has made me a byword of the people. They spit in my face.

7My eye also is dim by reason of sorrow. All my members are as a shadow.

8Upright men shall be astonished at this. The innocent shall stir up himself against the godless.

9Yet shall the righteous hold on his way. He who has clean hands shall grow stronger and stronger.

10But as for you all, come on now again; I shall not find a wise man among you.

11My days are past, my plans are broken off, as are the thoughts of my heart.

12They change the night into day, saying ‘The light is near’ in the presence of darkness.

13If I look for Sheol as my house, if I have spread my couch in the darkness,

14If I have said to corruption, ‘You are my father;’ to the worm, ‘My mother,’ and ‘my sister;’

15where then is my hope? as for my hope, who shall see it?

16Shall it go down with me to the gates of Sheol, or descend together into the dust?”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Reflection

Summary

Job's reply continued — his spirit is broken and he sees no hope among men; he challenges God to provide a pledge for him, since no friend will stand surety for him.

Authorship & Background

Author: Unknown. Candidates include Job himself, Moses, Solomon, or an anonymous sage. Likely the oldest book in the Bible by setting (patriarchal era, approximately 2000-1800 BC), though the date of composition is debated. The book addresses the problem of innocent suffering and God's sovereignty. Key themes: Why do the righteous suffer? Is God just? Can faith survive without answers? The inadequacy of simplistic theology ('you suffer because you sinned'). God's sovereignty transcends human understanding. True worship says 'Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him' (13:15).
Historical Context: Chapter 17 continues and concludes Job's reply to Eliphaz's second speech. It is one of the shortest and darkest chapters in Job — a descent into near-hopelessness. Job's spirit is broken (v.1), he is surrounded by mockers (v.2), no one will stand as his surety (v.3), his friends have no wisdom (v.10), his days are past (v.11), and the grave is his only prospect (vv.13-16). Yet even in this darkness there are flickers: v.9 declares that "the righteous also shall hold on his way, and he that hath clean hands shall be stronger and stronger" — a statement of principle that applies to Job himself, whether he recognizes it or not. The chapter represents faith at its lowest ebb, just before the remarkable declarations of chapters 19 (the Redeemer lives) will lift it again.
Spirit Broken, Grave Ready (vv.1-2): "My breath is corrupt, my days are extinct, the graves are ready for me" (v.1). Job sees death as imminent and inevitable. He is surrounded by mockers (v.2) — his friends who have become his antagonists. "Doth not mine eye continue in their provocation?" — their words constantly provoke his weary eyes. Job is at the end of his endurance.
A Plea for Surety (vv.3-5): "Lay down now, put me in a surety with thee; who is he that will strike hands with me?" (v.3). Job asks God to be his guarantor — since no human will vouch for him. "Thou hast hid their heart from understanding" (v.4) — God has closed the friends' minds to truth, therefore they cannot support him. Verse 5: "He that speaketh flattery to his friends, even the eyes of his children shall fail" — a proverb about the consequences of false friendship.
Job as Byword (vv.6-10): "He hath made me also a byword of the people" (v.6) — Job has become a public example of divine punishment (in people's eyes). His eye is dim with sorrow, his body a shadow (v.7). Then an unexpected declaration: "Upright men shall be astonied at this, and the innocent shall stir up himself against the hypocrite. The righteous also shall hold on his way, and he that hath clean hands shall be stronger and stronger" (vv.8-9). Even in despair, Job affirms that the righteous will persist and grow stronger. This may be Job speaking about himself in third person — or a general principle that sustains him. Then back to his friends: "I cannot find one wise man among you" (v.10).
Death as Home (vv.11-16): Job's days are "past" and his purposes "broken off" (v.11). Darkness becomes his only companion. "If I wait, the grave is mine house: I have made my bed in the darkness" (v.13). He addresses corruption and worms as family: "I have said to corruption, Thou art my father: to the worm, Thou art my mother, and my sister" (v.14). His relatives are now decay and decomposition. The devastating conclusion: "And where is now my hope? as for my hope, who shall see it?" (v.15). Hope itself seems dead. "They shall go down to the bars of the pit, when our rest together is in the dust" (v.16) — everything descends with him into death.

Map & Geography

  • No specific geographic locations are referenced in this chapter.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik notes that chapter 17 is Job's darkest moment — the point where hope seems completely extinguished. Yet v.9 stands as an island of faith: the righteous hold their way and grow stronger. Guzik suggests this is Job's subconscious faith speaking despite his conscious despair — the truth he believes even when he cannot feel it. The chapter also shows that faith's darkest night often precedes faith's brightest declaration (ch. 19).
  • Charles Spurgeon: "'Where is now my hope?' Job asked in the dark. Two chapters later he will answer his own question with the greatest declaration of faith in the Old Testament. Learn this: the question 'where is my hope?' does not mean hope is gone. It means hope is hidden. God often hides hope before He reveals it in glory. The darkest hour is before the dawn — and Job's dawn was coming: 'I know that my redeemer liveth.'"

Reflection

  • 1. The darkest night precedes the dawn (v.15 → 19:25). Job asks "where is my hope?" — and two chapters later declares "I know that my redeemer liveth." If you are in chapter 17, chapter 19 is coming. Hold on. The depth of your current despair does not predict the height of your coming breakthrough.
  • 2. The righteous grow stronger THROUGH suffering (v.9). Not despite suffering, but through it. Clean hands become stronger hands. The testing that threatens to destroy you is the same process that builds spiritual muscle. You will come out of this stronger than you went in — if you hold your way.
  • 3. When no human will vouch for you (v.3). Job cannot find a single human guarantor. His friends accuse, his family abandons, society mocks. But he appeals to God as surety. When every earthly support fails, the divine guarantee holds. Christ is your surety — He vouches for you when no one else will.
  • 4. It is permissible to be broken (v.1). "My spirit is broken" is included in inspired Scripture without condemnation. You do not have to perform spiritual strength. Admitting brokenness is honest, and honest brokenness before God is a form of faith — you are still talking to Him even while broken.
  • 5. Despair is a season, not a destination (vv.11-16). Job's language here is the language of finality: grave ready, hope gone, darkness forever. But this was NOT his final state. God had more chapters to write. Your despair may feel permanent — it is not. The Author of your story is still writing.