Acts — Chapter 17
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1Now when they had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where was a synagogue of the Jews:
2And Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them, and three sabbath days reasoned with them out of the scriptures,
3Opening and alleging, that Christ must needs have suffered, and risen again from the dead; and that this Jesus, whom I preach unto you, is Christ.
4And some of them believed, and consorted with Paul and Silas; and of the devout Greeks a great multitude, and of the chief women not a few.
5But the Jews which believed not, moved with envy, took unto them certain lewd fellows of the baser sort, and gathered a company, and set all the city on an uproar, and assaulted the house of Jason, and sought to bring them out to the people.
6And when they found them not, they drew Jason and certain brethren unto the rulers of the city, crying, These that have turned the world upside down are come hither also;
7Whom Jason hath received: and these all do contrary to the decrees of Caesar, saying that there is another king, one Jesus.
8And they troubled the people and the rulers of the city, when they heard these things.
9And when they had taken security of Jason, and of the other, they let them go.
10And the brethren immediately sent away Paul and Silas by night unto Berea: who coming thither went into the synagogue of the Jews.
11These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so.
12Therefore many of them believed; also of honourable women which were Greeks, and of men, not a few.
13But when the Jews of Thessalonica had knowledge that the word of God was preached of Paul at Berea, they came thither also, and stirred up the people.
14And then immediately the brethren sent away Paul to go as it were to the sea: but Silas and Timotheus abode there still.
15And they that conducted Paul brought him unto Athens: and receiving a commandment unto Silas and Timotheus for to come to him with all speed, they departed.
16Now while Paul waited for them at Athens, his spirit was stirred in him, when he saw the city wholly given to idolatry.
17Therefore disputed he in the synagogue with the Jews, and with the devout persons, and in the market daily with them that met with him.
18Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoicks, encountered him. And some said, What will this babbler say? other some, He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods: because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection.
19And they took him, and brought him unto Areopagus, saying, May we know what this new doctrine, whereof thou speakest, is?
20For thou bringest certain strange things to our ears: we would know therefore what these things mean.
21(For all the Athenians and strangers which were there spent their time in nothing else, but either to tell, or to hear some new thing.)
22Then Paul stood in the midst of Mars’ hill, and said, Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are too superstitious.
23For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.
24God that made the world and all things therein, seeing that he is Lord of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands;
25Neither is worshipped with men’s hands, as though he needed any thing, seeing he giveth to all life, and breath, and all things;
26And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation;
27That they should seek the Lord, if haply they might feel after him, and find him, though he be not far from every one of us:
28For in him we live, and move, and have our being; as certain also of your own poets have said, For we are also his offspring.
29Forasmuch then as we are the offspring of God, we ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone, graven by art and man’s device.
30And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent:
31Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.
32And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: and others said, We will hear thee again of this matter.
33So Paul departed from among them.
34Howbeit certain men clave unto him, and believed: among the which was Dionysius the Areopagite, and a woman named Damaris, and others with them.
1Now when they had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where was a synagogue of the Jews:
2and Paul, as his custom was, went in unto them, and for three sabbath days reasoned with them from the Scriptures,
3opening and alleging that it behooved the Christ to suffer, and to rise again from the dead; and that this Jesus, whom, [said he,] I proclaim unto you, is the Christ.
4And some of them were persuaded, and consorted with Paul and Silas, and of the devout Greeks a great multitude, and of the chief women not a few.
5But the Jews, being moved with jealousy, took unto them certain vile fellows of the rabble, and gathering a crowd, set the city on an uproar; and assaulting the house of Jason, they sought to bring them forth to the people.
6And when they found them not, they dragged Jason and certain brethren before the rulers of the city, crying, These that have turned the world upside down are come hither also;
7whom Jason hath received: and these all act contrary to the decrees of Caesar, saying that there is another king, [one] Jesus.
8And they troubled the multitude and the rulers of the city, when they heard these things.
9And when they had taken security from Jason and the rest, they let them go.
10And the brethren immediately sent away Paul and Silas by night unto Beroea: who when they were come thither went into the synagogue of the Jews.
11Now these were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of the mind, examining the Scriptures daily, whether these things were so.
12Many of them therefore believed; also of the Greek women of honorable estate, and of men, not a few.
13But when the Jews of Thessalonica had knowledge that the word of God was proclaimed of Paul at Beroea also, they came thither likewise, stirring up and troubling the multitudes.
14And then immediately the brethren sent forth Paul to go as far as to the sea: and Silas and Timothy abode there still.
15But they that conducted Paul brought him as far as Athens: and receiving a commandment unto Silas and Timothy that they should come to him with all speed, they departed.
16Now while Paul waited for them at Athens, his spirit was provoked within him as he beheld the city full of idols.
17So he reasoned in the synagogue with Jews and the devout persons, and in the marketplace every day with them that met him.
18And certain also of the Epicurean and Stoic philosophers encountered him. And some said, What would this babbler say? others, He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods: because he preached Jesus and the resurrection.
19And they took hold of him, and brought him unto the Areopagus, saying, May we know what this new teaching is, which is spoken by thee?
20For thou bringest certain strange things to our ears: we would know therefore what these things mean.
21(Now all the Athenians and the strangers sojourning there spent their time in nothing else, but either to tell or to hear some new thing.)
22And Paul stood in the midst of the Areopagus, and said, Ye men of Athens, in all things, I perceive that ye are very religious.
23For as I passed along, and observed the objects of your worship, I found also an altar with this inscription, TO AN UNKNOWN GOD. What therefore ye worship in ignorance, this I set forth unto you.
24The God that made the world and all things therein, he, being Lord of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands;
25neither is he served by men`s hands, as though he needed anything, seeing he himself giveth to all life, and breath, and all things;
26and he made of one every nation of men to dwell on all the face of the earth, having determined [their] appointed seasons, and the bounds of their habitation;
27that they should seek God, if haply they might feel after him and find him, though he is not far from each one of us:
28for in him we live, and move, and have our being; as certain even of your own poets have said, For we are also his offspring.
29Being then the offspring of God, we ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone, graven by art and device of man.
30The times of ignorance therefore God overlooked; but now he commandeth men that they should all everywhere repent:
31inasmuch as he hath appointed a day in which he will judge the world in righteousness by the man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.
32Now when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked; but others said, We will hear thee concerning this yet again.
33Thus Paul went out from among them.
34But certain men clave unto him, and believed: among whom also was Dionysius the Areopagite, and a woman named Damaris, and others with them.
1After they traveled through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where there was a Jewish synagogue.
2Paul went to the Jews in the synagogue, as he customarily did, and on three Sabbath days he addressed them from the scriptures,
3explaining and demonstrating that the Christ had to suffer and to rise from the dead, saying, “This Jesus I am proclaiming to you is the Christ.”
4Some of them were persuaded and joined Paul and Silas, along with a large group of God-fearing Greeks and quite a few prominent women.
5But the Jews became jealous, and gathering together some worthless men from the rabble in the marketplace, they formed a mob and set the city in an uproar. They attacked Jason’s house, trying to find Paul and Silas to bring them out to the assembly.
6When they did not find them, they dragged Jason and some of the brothers before the city officials, screaming, “These people who have stirred up trouble throughout the world have come here too,
7and Jason has welcomed them as guests! They are all acting against Caesar’s decrees, saying there is another king named Jesus!”
8They caused confusion among the crowd and the city officials who heard these things.
9After the city officials had received bail from Jason and the others, they released them.
10The brothers sent Paul and Silas off to Berea at once, during the night. When they arrived, they went to the Jewish synagogue.
11These Jews were more open-minded than those in Thessalonica, for they eagerly received the message, examining the scriptures carefully every day to see if these things were so.
12Therefore many of them believed, along with quite a few prominent Greek women and men.
13But when the Jews from Thessalonica heard that Paul had also proclaimed the word of God in Berea, they came there too, inciting and disturbing the crowds.
14Then the brothers sent Paul away to the coast at once, but Silas and Timothy remained in Berea.
15Those who accompanied Paul escorted him as far as Athens, and after receiving an order for Silas and Timothy to come to him as soon as possible, they left.
16While Paul was waiting for them in Athens, his spirit was greatly upset because he saw the city was full of idols.
17So he was addressing the Jews and the God-fearing Gentiles in the synagogue, and in the marketplace every day those who happened to be there.
18Also some of the Epicurean and Stoic philosophers were conversing with him, and some were asking, “What does this foolish babbler want to say?” Others said, “He seems to be a proclaimer of foreign gods.” (They said this because he was proclaiming the good news about Jesus and the resurrection.)
19So they took Paul and brought him to the Areopagus, saying, “May we know what this new teaching is that you are proclaiming?
20For you are bringing some surprising things to our ears, so we want to know what they mean.”
21(All the Athenians and the foreigners who lived there used to spend their time in nothing else than telling or listening to something new.)
22So Paul stood before the Areopagus and said, “Men of Athens, I see that you are very religious in all respects.
23For as I went around and observed closely your objects of worship, I even found an altar with this inscription: ‘To an unknown god.’ Therefore what you worship without knowing it, this I proclaim to you.
24The God who made the world and everything in it, who is Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in temples made by human hands,
25nor is he served by human hands, as if he needed anything, because he himself gives life and breath and everything to everyone.
26From one man he made every nation of the human race to inhabit the entire earth, determining their set times and the fixed limits of the places where they would live,
27so that they would search for God and perhaps grope around for him and find him, though he is not far from each one of us.
28For in him we live and move about and exist, as even some of your own poets have said, ‘For we too are his offspring.’
29So since we are God’s offspring, we should not think the deity is like gold or silver or stone, an image made by human skill and imagination.
30Therefore, although God has overlooked such times of ignorance, he now commands all people everywhere to repent,
31because he has set a day on which he is going to judge the world in righteousness, by a man whom he designated, having provided proof to everyone by raising him from the dead.”
32Now when they heard about the resurrection from the dead, some began to scoff, but others said, “We will hear you again about this.”
33So Paul left the Areopagus.
34But some people joined him and believed. Among them were Dionysius, who was a member of the Areopagus, a woman named Damaris, and others with them.
1Now when they had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where there was a Jewish synagogue.
2Paul, as was his custom, went in to them, and for three Sabbath days reasoned with them from the Scriptures,
3explaining and demonstrating that the Christ had to suffer and rise again from the dead, and saying, “This Jesus, whom I proclaim to you, is the Christ.”
4Some of them were persuaded, and joined Paul and Silas, of the devout Greeks a great multitude, and not a few of the chief women.
5But the unpersuaded Jews took along some wicked men from the marketplace, and gathering a crowd, set the city in an uproar. Assaulting the house of Jason, they sought to bring them out to the people.
6When they didn’t find them, they dragged Jason and certain brothers before the rulers of the city, crying, “These who have turned the world upside down have come here also,
7whom Jason has received. These all act contrary to the decrees of Caesar, saying that there is another king, Jesus!”
8The multitude and the rulers of the city were troubled when they heard these things.
9When they had taken security from Jason and the rest, they let them go.
10The brothers immediately sent Paul and Silas away by night to Beroea. When they arrived, they went into the Jewish synagogue.
11Now these were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, examining the Scriptures daily to see whether these things were so.
12Many of them therefore believed; also of the prominent Greek women, and not a few men.
13But when the Jews of Thessalonica had knowledge that the word of God was proclaimed by Paul at Beroea also, they came there likewise, agitating the multitudes.
14Then the brothers immediately sent out Paul to go as far as to the sea, and Silas and Timothy still stayed there.
15But those who escorted Paul brought him as far as Athens. Receiving a commandment to Silas and Timothy that they should come to him very quickly, they departed.
16Now while Paul waited for them at Athens, his spirit was provoked within him as he saw the city full of idols.
17So he reasoned in the synagogue with the Jews and the devout persons, and in the marketplace every day with those who met him.
18Some of the Epicurean and Stoic philosophers also were conversing with him. Some said, “What does this babbler want to say?” Others said, “He seems to be advocating foreign deities,” because he preached Jesus and the resurrection.
19They took hold of him, and brought him to the Areopagus, saying, “May we know what this new teaching is, which is spoken by you?
20For you bring certain strange things to our ears. We want to know therefore what these things mean.”
21Now all the Athenians and the strangers living there spent their time in nothing else, but either to tell or to hear some new thing.
22Paul stood in the middle of the Areopagus, and said, “You men of Athens, I perceive that you are very religious in all things.
23For as I passed along, and observed the objects of your worship, I found also an altar with this inscription: ‘TO AN UNKNOWN GOD.’ What therefore you worship in ignorance, this I announce to you.
24The God who made the world and all things in it, he, being Lord of heaven and earth, doesn’t dwell in temples made with hands,
25neither is he served by men’s hands, as though he needed anything, seeing he himself gives to all life and breath, and all things.
26He made from one blood every nation of men to dwell on all the surface of the earth, having determined appointed seasons, and the boundaries of their dwellings,
27that they should seek the Lord, if perhaps they might reach out for him and find him, though he is not far from each one of us.
28‘For in him we live, and move, and have our being.’ As some of your own poets have said, ‘For we are also his offspring.’
29Being then the offspring of God, we ought not to think that the Divine Nature is like gold, or silver, or stone, engraved by art and design of man.
30The times of ignorance therefore God overlooked. But now he commands that all people everywhere should repent,
31because he has appointed a day in which he will judge the world in righteousness by the man whom he has ordained; of which he has given assurance to all men, in that he has raised him from the dead.”
32Now when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked; but others said, “We want to hear you again concerning this.”
33Thus Paul went out from among them.
34But certain men joined with him, and believed, among whom also was Dionysius the Areopagite, and a woman named Damaris, and others with them.
Summary
Paul reasons from Scripture in Thessalonica and Berea (where the Bereans search the Scriptures daily), then addresses the philosophers on Mars Hill in Athens — proclaiming the unknown God who made the world and raised Jesus from the dead.
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
- Thessalonica (v.1): The capital of the Roman province of Macedonia (modern Thessaloniki, Greece). Paul preached in the synagogue here for three Sabbaths.
- Berea (v.10): A city about 50 miles southwest of Thessalonica. The Bereans searched the Scriptures daily.
- Athens (v.15): The intellectual capital of the ancient world (Greece). Paul preached on Mars Hill (the Areopagus) to Epicurean and Stoic philosophers.
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik examines the Thessalonica opposition, the Berean model, Paul's approach to Greek philosophers, and the Mars Hill sermon.
- Charles Spurgeon: Sermon: "The Bereans" on v.11 (MTP Vol. 10, No. 616) "They searched the scriptures daily — not weekly, not when they felt like it — daily. And they searched to verify what they heard. That is the model: hear eagerly, verify carefully. Don't believe everything you hear — but don't reject it either until you've checked it against the Word." Sermon: "The Unknown God" on v.23 (MTP Vol. 22, No. 1351) "TO THE UNKNOWN GOD — they worshipped what they did not know. Paul said 'I declare Him to you.' The God they groped for in the dark, Paul brought into the light. That is evangelism — taking what people already sense and showing them it is fulfilled in Christ."
Reflection
- 1. "These that have turned the world upside down" (v.6). Is your faith turning anything upside down — in your family, your workplace, your community? Or has your Christianity become so comfortable that it disturbs nothing?
- 2. The Bereans "searched the scriptures daily" (v.11). They didn't just accept what they heard — they verified it. How do you evaluate the teaching you receive? Do you check it against Scripture, or do you accept it uncritically?
- 3. Paul's spirit was "stirred" when he saw Athens full of idols (v.16). What stirs your spirit? When you look at the world around you — its idolatry, its lostness — does it move you to action or leave you indifferent?
- 4. Paul started where the Athenians were — their altar, their poets, their questions (vv.22-28). He didn't demand they come to his starting point. How do you meet people where they are in spiritual conversations?
- 5. Paul adapted his approach for each audience — Scripture for Jews (v.2), Scripture verification for Bereans (v.11), cultural bridges for Greeks (v.22-28). How do you adapt your communication of the Gospel for different people without changing its content?
- 6. "In him we live, and move, and have our being" (v.28). Every breath you take is sustained by God. How does this total dependence on God for existence itself affect your daily awareness of Him?
- 7. "God... now commandeth all men every where to repent" (v.30). This is not an invitation — it is a command. Universal, non-negotiable. Have you obeyed this command? Is there something you still need to repent of?
- 8. Some mocked, some delayed ("We will hear thee again"), and some believed (vv.32-34). Three responses to the Gospel — which describes the people in your life? Which describes you?
- 9. Paul quoted pagan poets to build bridges (v.28). He found truth in secular culture and used it to point to Christ. How do you engage with secular culture — with rejection, with uncritical acceptance, or with discernment that finds bridges to the Gospel?