Acts — Chapter 2

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1When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place.

2Suddenly a sound like a mighty rushing wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting.

3They saw tongues like flames of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them.

4And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them.

5Now there were dwelling in Jerusalem God-fearing Jews from every nation under heaven.

6And when this sound rang out, a crowd came together in bewilderment, because each one heard them speaking his own language.

7Astounded and amazed, they asked, “Are not all these who are speaking Galileans?

8How is it then that each of us hears them in his own native language?

9Parthians, Medes, and Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia,

10Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya near Cyrene; visitors from Rome,

11both Jews and converts to Judaism; Cretans and Arabs—we hear them declaring the wonders of God in our own tongues!”

12Astounded and perplexed, they asked one another, “What does this mean?”

13But others mocked them and said, “They are drunk on new wine!”

14Then Peter stood up with the Eleven, lifted up his voice, and addressed the crowd: “Men of Judea and all who dwell in Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and listen carefully to my words.

15These men are not drunk, as you suppose. It is only the third hour of the day!

16No, this is what was spoken by the prophet Joel:

17‘In the last days, God says, I will pour out My Spirit on all people. Your sons and daughters will prophesy, your young men will see visions, your old men will dream dreams.

18Even on My menservants and maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days, and they will prophesy.

19I will show wonders in the heavens above and signs on the earth below, blood and fire and billows of smoke.

20The sun will be turned to darkness, and the moon to blood, before the coming of the great and glorious Day of the Lord.

21And everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.’

22Men of Israel, listen to this message: Jesus of Nazareth was a man certified by God to you by miracles, wonders, and signs, which God did among you through Him, as you yourselves know.

23He was delivered up by God’s set plan and foreknowledge, and you, by the hands of the lawless, put Him to death by nailing Him to the cross.

24But God raised Him from the dead, releasing Him from the agony of death, because it was impossible for death to keep Him in its grip.

25David says about Him: ‘I saw the Lord always before me; because He is at my right hand, I will not be shaken.

26Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will dwell in hope,

27because You will not abandon my soul to Hades, nor will You let Your Holy One see decay.

28You have made known to me the paths of life; You will fill me with joy in Your presence.’

29Brothers, I can tell you with confidence that the patriarch David died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day.

30But he was a prophet and knew that God had promised him on oath that He would place one of his descendants on his throne.

31Foreseeing this, David spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that He was not abandoned to Hades, nor did His body see decay.

32God has raised this Jesus to life, to which we are all witnesses.

33Exalted, then, to the right hand of God, He has received from the Father the promised Holy Spirit and has poured out what you now see and hear.

34For David did not ascend into heaven, but he himself says: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand

35until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”’

36Therefore let all Israel know with certainty that God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Christ!”

37When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and asked Peter and the other apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?”

38Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.

39This promise belongs to you and your children and to all who are far off—to all whom the Lord our God will call to Himself.”

40With many other words he testified, and he urged them, “Be saved from this corrupt generation.”

41Those who embraced his message were baptized, and about three thousand were added to the believers that day.

42They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer.

43A sense of awe came over everyone, and the apostles performed many wonders and signs.

44All the believers were together and had everything in common.

45Selling their possessions and goods, they shared with anyone who was in need.

46With one accord they continued to meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of heart,

47praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.

1And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place.

2And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting.

3And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them.

4And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.

5And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven.

6Now when this was noised abroad, the multitude came together, and were confounded, because that every man heard them speak in his own language.

7And they were all amazed and marvelled, saying one to another, Behold, are not all these which speak Galilaeans?

8And how hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born?

9Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, and in Judaea, and Cappadocia, in Pontus, and Asia,

10Phrygia, and Pamphylia, in Egypt, and in the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes,

11Cretes and Arabians, we do hear them speak in our tongues the wonderful works of God.

12And they were all amazed, and were in doubt, saying one to another, What meaneth this?

13Others mocking said, These men are full of new wine.

14But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said unto them, Ye men of Judaea, and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you, and hearken to my words:

15For these are not drunken, as ye suppose, seeing it is but the third hour of the day.

16But this is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel;

17And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall dream dreams:

18And on my servants and on my handmaidens I will pour out in those days of my Spirit; and they shall prophesy:

19And I will shew wonders in heaven above, and signs in the earth beneath; blood, and fire, and vapour of smoke:

20The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before that great and notable day of the Lord come:

21And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved.

22Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs, which God did by him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also know:

23Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:

24Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death: because it was not possible that he should be holden of it.

25For David speaketh concerning him, I foresaw the Lord always before my face, for he is on my right hand, that I should not be moved:

26Therefore did my heart rejoice, and my tongue was glad; moreover also my flesh shall rest in hope:

27Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.

28Thou hast made known to me the ways of life; thou shalt make me full of joy with thy countenance.

29Men and brethren, let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch David, that he is both dead and buried, and his sepulchre is with us unto this day.

30Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne;

31He seeing this before spake of the resurrection of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell, neither his flesh did see corruption.

32This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses.

33Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear.

34For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,

35Until I make thy foes thy footstool.

36Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.

37Now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and to the rest of the apostles, Men and brethren, what shall we do?

38Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.

39For the promise is unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God shall call.

40And with many other words did he testify and exhort, saying, Save yourselves from this untoward generation.

41Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls.

42And they continued stedfastly in the apostles’ doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers.

43And fear came upon every soul: and many wonders and signs were done by the apostles.

44And all that believed were together, and had all things common;

45And sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all men, as every man had need.

46And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart,

47Praising God, and having favour with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved.

1And when the day of Pentecost was now come, they were all together in one place.

2And suddenly there came from heaven a sound as of the rushing of a mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting.

3And there appeared unto them tongues parting asunder, like as of fire; and it sat upon each one of them.

4And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.

5Now there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, from every nation under heaven.

6And when this sound was heard, the multitude came together, and were confounded, because that every man heard them speaking in his own language.

7And they were all amazed and marvelled, saying, Behold, are not all these that speak Galilaeans?

8And how hear we, every man in our own language wherein we were born?

9Parthians and Medes and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, in Judaea and Cappadocia, in Pontus and Asia,

10in Phrygia and Pamphylia, in Egypt and the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and sojourners from Rome, both Jews and proselytes,

11Cretans and Arabians, we hear them speaking in our tongues the mighty works of God.

12And they were all amazed, and were perplexed, saying one to another, What meaneth this?

13But others mocking said, They are filled with new wine.

14But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and spake forth unto them, [saying], Ye men of Judaea, and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you, and give ear unto my words.

15For these are not drunken, as ye suppose; seeing it is [but] the third hour of the day.

16but this is that which hath been spoken through the prophet Joel:

17And it shall be in the last days, saith God, I will pour forth of my Spirit upon all flesh: And your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, And your young men shall see visions, And your old men shall dream dreams:

18Yea and on my servants and on my handmaidens in those days Will I pour forth of my Spirit; and they shall prophesy.

19And I will show wonders in the heaven above, And signs on the earth beneath; Blood, and fire, and vapor of smoke:

20The sun shall be turned into darkness, And the moon into blood, Before the day of the Lord come, That great and notable [day].

21And it shall be, that whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved.

22Ye men of Israel, hear these words: Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God unto you by mighty works and wonders and signs which God did by him in the midst of you, even as ye yourselves know;

23him, being delivered up by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye by the hand of lawless men did crucify and slay:

24whom God raised up, having loosed the pangs of death: because it was not possible that he should be holden of it.

25For David saith concerning him, I beheld the Lord always before my face; For he is on my right hand, that I should not be moved:

26Therefore my heart was glad, and my tongue rejoiced; Moreover my flesh also shall dwell in hope:

27Because thou wilt not leave my soul unto Hades, Neither wilt thou give thy Holy One to see corruption.

28Thou madest known unto me the ways of life; Thou shalt make me full of gladness with thy countenance.

29Brethren, I may say unto you freely of the patriarch David, that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us unto this day.

30Being therefore a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins he would set [one] upon his throne;

31he foreseeing [this] spake of the resurrection of the Christ, that neither was he left unto Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption.

32This Jesus did God raise up, whereof we all are witnesses.

33Being therefore by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he hath poured forth this, which ye see and hear.

34For David ascended not into the heavens: but he saith himself, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,

35Till I make thine enemies the footstool of thy feet.

36Let all the house of Israel therefore know assuredly, that God hath made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom ye crucified.

37Now when they heard [this,] they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and the rest of the apostles, Brethren, what shall we do?

38And Peter [said] unto them, Repent ye, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ unto the remission of your sins; and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.

39For to you is the promise, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, [even] as many as the Lord our God shall call unto him.

40And with many other words he testified, and exhorted them, saying, Save yourselves from this crooked generation.

41They then that received his word were baptized: and there were added [unto them] in that day about three thousand souls.

42And they continued stedfastly in the apostles` teaching and fellowship, in the breaking of bread and the prayers.

43And fear came upon every soul: and many wonders and signs were done through the apostles.

44And all that believed were together, and had all things common;

45and they sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all, according as any man had need.

46And day by day, continuing stedfastly with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread at home, they took their food with gladness and singleness of heart,

47praising God, and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to them day by day those that were saved.

1Now when the day of Pentecost had come, they were all together in one place.

2Suddenly a sound like a violent wind blowing came from heaven and filled the entire house where they were sitting.

3And tongues spreading out like a fire appeared to them and came to rest on each one of them.

4All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit, and they began to speak in other languages as the Spirit enabled them.

5Now there were devout Jews from every nation under heaven residing in Jerusalem.

6When this sound occurred, a crowd gathered and was in confusion because each one heard them speaking in his own language.

7Completely baffled, they said, “Aren’t all these who are speaking Galileans?

8And how is it that each one of us hears them in our own native language?

9Parthians, Medes, Elamites, and residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and the province of Asia,

10Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya near Cyrene, and visitors from Rome,

11both Jews and proselytes, Cretans and Arabs—we hear them speaking in our own languages about the great deeds God has done!”

12All were astounded and greatly confused, saying to one another, “What does this mean?”

13But others jeered at the speakers, saying, “They are drunk on new wine!”

14But Peter stood up with the eleven, raised his voice, and addressed them: “You men of Judea and all you who live in Jerusalem, know this and listen carefully to what I say.

15In spite of what you think, these men are not drunk, for it is only nine o’clock in the morning.

16But this is what was spoken about through the prophet Joel:

17‘And in the last days it will be,’ God says,‘that I will pour out my Spirit on all people, and your sons and your daughters will prophesy,and your young men will see visions,and your old men will dream dreams.

18Even on my servants, both men and women,I will pour out my Spirit in those days, and they will prophesy.

19And I will perform wonders in the sky aboveand miraculous signs on the earth below,blood and fire and clouds of smoke.

20The sun will be changed to darknessand the moon to bloodbefore the great and glorious day of the Lord comes.

21And then everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.’

22“Men of Israel, listen to these words: Jesus the Nazarene, a man clearly attested to you by God with powerful deeds, wonders, and miraculous signs that God performed among you through him, just as you yourselves know—

23this man, who was handed over by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you executed by nailing him to a cross at the hands of Gentiles.

24But God raised him up, having released him from the pains of death because it was not possible for him to be held in its power.

25For David says about him,‘I saw the Lord always in front of me, for he is at my right hand so that I will not be shaken.

26Therefore my heart was glad and my tongue rejoiced;my body also will live in hope,

27because you will not leave my soul in Hades, nor permit your Holy One to experience decay.

28You have made known to me the paths of life;you will make me full of joy with your presence.’

29“Brothers, I can speak confidently to you about our forefather David, that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day.

30So then, because he was a prophet and knew that God had sworn to him with an oath to seat one of his descendants on his throne,

31David by foreseeing this spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that he was neither abandoned to Hades, nor did his body experience decay.

32This Jesus God raised up, and we are all witnesses of it.

33So then, exalted to the right hand of God, and having received the promise of the Holy Spirit from the Father, he has poured out what you both see and hear.

34For David did not ascend into heaven, but he himself says, ‘The Lord said to my lord,“Sit at my right hand

35until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.”’

36Therefore let all the house of Israel know beyond a doubt that God has made this Jesus whom you crucified both Lord and Christ.”

37Now when they heard this, they were acutely distressed and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “What should we do, brothers?”

38Peter said to them, “Repent, and each one of you be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.

39For the promise is for you and your children, and for all who are far away, as many as the Lord our God will call to himself.”

40With many other words he testified and exhorted them saying, “Save yourselves from this perverse generation!”

41So those who accepted his message were baptized, and that day about 3,000 people were added.

42They were devoting themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer.

43Reverential awe came over everyone, and many wonders and miraculous signs came about by the apostles.

44All who believed were together and held everything in common,

45and they began selling their property and possessions and distributing the proceeds to everyone, as anyone had need.

46Every day they continued to gather together by common consent in the temple courts, breaking bread from house to house, sharing their food with glad and humble hearts,

47praising God and having the good will of all the people. And the Lord was adding to their number every day those who were being saved.

1Now when the day of Pentecost had come, they were all with one accord in one place.

2Suddenly there came from the sky a sound like the rushing of a mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting.

3Tongues like fire appeared and were distributed to them, and one sat on each of them.

4They were all filled with the Holy Spirit, and began to speak with other languages, as the Spirit gave them the ability to speak.

5Now there were dwelling in Jerusalem Jews, devout men, from every nation under the sky.

6When this sound was heard, the multitude came together, and were bewildered, because everyone heard them speaking in his own language.

7They were all amazed and marveled, saying to one another, “Behold, aren’t all these who speak Galileans?

8How do we hear, everyone in our own native language?

9Parthians, Medes, Elamites, and people from Mesopotamia, Judea, Cappadocia, Pontus, Asia,

10Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, the parts of Libya around Cyrene, visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes,

11Cretans and Arabians: we hear them speaking in our languages the mighty works of God!”

12They were all amazed, and were perplexed, saying to one another, “What does this mean?”

13Others, mocking, said, “They are filled with new wine.”

14But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and spoke out to them, “You men of Judea, and all you who dwell at Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and listen to my words.

15For these aren’t drunken, as you suppose, seeing it is only the third hour of the day.

16But this is what has been spoken through the prophet Joel:

17‘It will be in the last days, says God, that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh. Your sons and your daughters will prophesy. Your young men will see visions. Your old men will dream dreams.

18Yes, and on my servants and on my handmaidens in those days, I will pour out my Spirit, and they will prophesy.

19I will show wonders in the sky above, and signs on the earth beneath; blood, and fire, and billows of smoke.

20The sun will be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious day of the Lord comes.

21It will be that whoever will call on the name of the Lord will be saved.’

22“Men of Israel, hear these words! Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved by God to you by mighty works and wonders and signs which God did by him among you, even as you yourselves know,

23him, being delivered up by the determined counsel and foreknowledge of God, you have taken by the hand of lawless men, crucified and killed;

24whom God raised up, having freed him from the agony of death, because it was not possible that he should be held by it.

25For David says concerning him, ‘I saw the Lord always before my face, For he is on my right hand, that I should not be moved.

26Therefore my heart was glad, and my tongue rejoiced. Moreover my flesh also will dwell in hope;

27because you will not leave my soul in Hades, neither will you allow your Holy One to see decay.

28You made known to me the ways of life. You will make me full of gladness with your presence.’

29“Brothers, I may tell you freely of the patriarch David, that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day.

30Therefore, being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that of the fruit of his body, according to the flesh, he would raise up the Christ to sit on his throne,

31he foreseeing this spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that his soul wasn’t left in Hades, and his flesh didn’t see decay.

32This Jesus God raised up, to which we all are witnesses.

33Being therefore exalted by the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this, which you now see and hear.

34For David didn’t ascend into the heavens, but he says himself, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit by my right hand,

35until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.”’

36“Let all the house of Israel therefore know certainly that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.”

37Now when they heard this, they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?”

38Peter said to them, “Repent, and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.

39For the promise is to you, and to your children, and to all who are far off, even as many as the Lord our God will call to himself.”

40With many other words he testified, and exhorted them, saying, “Save yourselves from this crooked generation!”

41Then those who gladly received his word were baptized. There were added that day about three thousand souls.

42They continued steadfastly in the apostles’ teaching and fellowship, in the breaking of bread, and prayer.

43Fear came on every soul, and many wonders and signs were done through the apostles.

44All who believed were together, and had all things in common.

45They sold their possessions and goods, and distributed them to all, according as anyone had need.

46Day by day, continuing steadfastly with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread at home, they took their food with gladness and singleness of heart,

47praising God, and having favor with all the people. The Lord added to the assembly day by day those who were being saved.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

On the day of Pentecost the disciples are gathered together when a sound like a rushing wind fills the house and tongues of fire rest on each of them, and they begin speaking in other languages (vv. 1-4). Devout Jews from many nations hear their own languages and are amazed, while others mock the disciples as drunk (vv. 5-13). Peter explains this is the fulfillment of Joel's prophecy of the Spirit poured out on all people, then preaches that the Jesus they crucified has been raised and exalted as Lord and Christ (vv. 14-36). Cut to the heart, the crowd asks what to do, and Peter calls them to repent and be baptized for forgiveness of sins (vv. 37-38). About three thousand are added that day, and the believers devote themselves to the apostles' teaching, fellowship, the breaking of bread, prayer, and sharing everything in common (vv. 41-47).

Authorship & Background

Author: Luke (see Chapter 1 notes for full authorship details).
Historical Context: Chapter 2 records the Day of Pentecost — the birthday of the church. Pentecost (Greek for "fiftieth") was a Jewish harvest festival celebrated 50 days after Passover. Jews from every nation were in Jerusalem for the feast. God chose this moment — when the world was gathered — to pour out His Spirit and launch the church.
Classification: Historical Narrative
Key Themes: three signs marking the Spirit's arrival at once, sound, sight and speech, real languages heard by every nation gathered in Jerusalem rather than any ecstatic babble, a deliberate reversal of Babel centuries after the fact, Peter's first sermon preached seven weeks after denying Jesus three times, a response recorded as physical before it becomes a decision, pricked in their heart, and a promise extended past the room itself, unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, closing on a description of church life built around four steady priorities
The Coming of the Spirit (vv.1-13): Three signs accompanied the Spirit's arrival: sound (rushing wind), sight (tongues of fire), and speech (other languages). The tongues were real languages (vv.6-11) — not ecstatic utterance — enabling the Gospel to be heard by people from every nation in their own language. The reversal of Babel (Genesis 11).
Peter's Sermon (vv.14-36): Peter — who denied Jesus seven weeks earlier — now stands boldly before thousands and preaches the first Christian sermon. He explains Pentecost from Joel 2, proves the resurrection from Psalm 16, and declares Jesus as "both Lord and Christ" (v.36). The result: 3,000 saved.
Pricked in Their Heart (vv.37-41): The response to the sermon is recorded as a physical reaction before it is a decision, now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart, and said, Men and brethren, what shall we do? The answer is four things in one sentence: repent, be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. The promise is extended past the room in a clause that has kept commentators busy, unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off. Luke notes that Peter said much more than is recorded, with many other words did he testify, and gives the number, about three thousand souls.
The First Church (vv.42-47): The earliest description of church life — four priorities: apostles' teaching, fellowship, breaking of bread, and prayer. They shared possessions, met daily, and "the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved" (v.47).

Map & Geography

  • Jerusalem / the Upper Room (v.1): The Holy Spirit came upon the 120 disciples gathered in Jerusalem during the Feast of Pentecost (50 days after Passover).
  • The list of nations (vv.9-11): Jews and proselytes from Parthia, Media, Mesopotamia, Cappadocia, Pontus, Asia, Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, Libya, Rome, Crete, and Arabia — showing the geographic diversity of Jerusalem's Pentecost crowds.
  • Jerusalem (v.5): "Devout men, out of every nation under heaven" were dwelling in Jerusalem — the hub where the Gospel first exploded outward.

Places on this map

  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
  • EgyptEgyptA ribbon of irrigated land along the Nile, ending in the Delta where Israel settled in Goshen. Rain-fed Canaan depended on weather; Egypt depended on a river that flooded on schedule, which made it the place everyone went when the harvest failed. Wikipedia
  • RomeRome, ItalyFifteen miles up the Tiber from its port at Ostia, about 1,400 miles from Jerusalem by sea and road. Reaching it is the destination Acts is aimed at from chapter one, because from Rome the roads ran everywhere else. Wikipedia
  • CreteCrete, GreeceA long mountainous island across the southern Aegean, about 160 miles end to end, with the shipping lane running along its southern coast. Paul's grain ship sheltered there before the storm, and Titus was left to organize its churches. Wikipedia
  • Medianorth-western IranThe Zagros highlands north-east of Mesopotamia. The Medes helped destroy Nineveh and then joined Persia, which is why Daniel keeps saying Medes and Persians as one phrase. Wikipedia
  • MesopotamiaIraq and eastern SyriaThe land between the Tigris and Euphrates, flat, hot and farmable only by irrigation, which forced early cities into large-scale cooperation. Abraham came from its southern end and Israel's exiles were taken to its middle. Wikipedia
  • Asia MinorTurkeyThe peninsula between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean, a high dry plateau ringed by mountains with the Greek cities on its western coast. Roman Asia, the province Paul worked from Ephesus, was only its western end. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik examines the signs of Pentecost, Peter's sermon structure, the Joel prophecy, the Psalm 16 argument, and the early church's life.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Does Acts 2:38 teach that baptism is necessary for salvation? | GotQuestions.org
Got Questions Ministries

Acts 2:1-4 - All Filled with the Holy Spirit
David Guzik

Acts 2:4-14 - To Speak with Other Tongues
David Guzik

Acts 2:14-36 - Peter's Spirit-Filled Preaching
David Guzik

Acts 2:37-47 - Radical Response
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org Whether Peter's call to be baptised for the forgiveness of sins makes baptism a condition of salvation.
  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Acts -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Unity Before Power (v.1) — The Spirit fell when the believers were gathered together with one accord in one place. Is there disunity in your relationships or your church that might be hindering what God wants to do?
  • Transformed Boldness (v.14) — Peter, who had denied Jesus just weeks earlier, now stands and preaches fearlessly to a crowd of thousands. Where do you need the Spirit to replace your fear with boldness?
  • A Gospel for Whosoever (v.21) — Peter declares that anyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved, with no one excluded by background or past sin. Who in your life needs to hear that this promise includes them?
  • Repent and Receive (v.38) — Peter's answer to the crowd's conviction is simple and direct: repent, be baptized, and receive the Spirit. Is there a step in that sequence you've been putting off?
  • Devoted Together (v.42) — The first church was marked by steady devotion to teaching, fellowship, breaking bread, and prayer. Which of those four is strongest in your life right now, and which is weakest?
  • Generosity That Grows the Church (vv.44-47) — Believers shared freely with anyone in need, and the Lord kept adding to their number. Are you creating room in your own life for that kind of generosity and welcome?