Ezekiel — Chapter 22

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1Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying,

2“As for you, son of man, will you judge her? Will you pass judgment on the city of bloodshed? Then confront her with all her abominations

3and tell her that this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘O city who brings her own doom by shedding blood within her walls and making idols to defile herself,

4you are guilty of the blood you have shed, and you are defiled by the idols you have made. You have brought your days to a close and have come to the end of your years. Therefore I have made you a reproach to the nations and a mockery to all the lands.

5Those near and far will mock you, O infamous city, full of turmoil.

6See how every prince of Israel within you has used his power to shed blood.

7Father and mother are treated with contempt. Within your walls the foreign resident is exploited, the fatherless and the widow are oppressed.

8You have despised My holy things and profaned My Sabbaths.

9Among you are slanderous men bent on bloodshed; within you are those who eat on the mountain shrines and commit acts of indecency.

10In you they have uncovered the nakedness of their fathers; in you they violate women during their menstrual impurity.

11One man commits an abomination with his neighbor’s wife; another wickedly defiles his daughter-in-law; and yet another violates his sister, his own father’s daughter.

12In you they take bribes to shed blood. You engage in usury, take excess interest, and extort your neighbors. But Me you have forgotten, declares the Lord GOD.

13Now look, I strike My hands together against your unjust gain and against the blood you have shed in your midst.

14Will your courage endure or your hands be strong in the day I deal with you? I, the LORD, have spoken, and I will act.

15I will disperse you among the nations and scatter you throughout the lands; I will purge your uncleanness.

16And when you have defiled yourself in the eyes of the nations, then you will know that I am the LORD.’”

17Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying,

18“Son of man, the house of Israel has become dross to Me. All of them are copper, tin, iron, and lead inside the furnace; they are but the dross of silver.

19Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Because all of you have become dross, behold, I will gather you into Jerusalem.

20Just as one gathers silver, copper, iron, lead, and tin into the furnace to melt with a fiery blast, so I will gather you in My anger and wrath, leave you there, and melt you.

21Yes, I will gather you together and blow on you with the fire of My wrath, and you will be melted within the city.

22As silver is melted in a furnace, so you will be melted within the city. Then you will know that I, the LORD, have poured out My wrath upon you.’”

23And the word of the LORD came to me, saying,

24“Son of man, say to her, ‘In the day of indignation, you are a land that has not been cleansed, upon which no rain has fallen.’

25The conspiracy of the princes in her midst is like a roaring lion tearing its prey. They devour the people, seize the treasures and precious things, and multiply the widows within her.

26Her priests do violence to My law and profane My holy things. They make no distinction between the holy and the common, and they fail to distinguish between the clean and the unclean. They disregard My Sabbaths, so that I am profaned among them.

27Her officials within her are like wolves tearing their prey, shedding blood, and destroying lives for dishonest gain.

28Her prophets whitewash these deeds by false visions and lying divinations, saying, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says,’ when the LORD has not spoken.

29The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have oppressed the poor and needy and have exploited the foreign resident without justice.

30I searched for a man among them to repair the wall and stand in the gap before Me on behalf of the land, so that I should not destroy it. But I found no one.

31So I have poured out My indignation upon them and consumed them with the fire of My fury. I have brought their ways down upon their own heads, declares the Lord GOD.”

1Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

2Now, thou son of man, wilt thou judge, wilt thou judge the bloody city? yea, thou shalt shew her all her abominations.

3Then say thou, Thus saith the Lord GOD, The city sheddeth blood in the midst of it, that her time may come, and maketh idols against herself to defile herself.

4Thou art become guilty in thy blood that thou hast shed; and hast defiled thyself in thine idols which thou hast made; and thou hast caused thy days to draw near, and art come even unto thy years: therefore have I made thee a reproach unto the heathen, and a mocking to all countries.

5Those that be near, and those that be far from thee, shall mock thee, which art infamous and much vexed.

6Behold, the princes of Israel, every one were in thee to their power to shed blood.

7In thee have they set light by father and mother: in the midst of thee have they dealt by oppression with the stranger: in thee have they vexed the fatherless and the widow.

8Thou hast despised mine holy things, and hast profaned my sabbaths.

9In thee are men that carry tales to shed blood: and in thee they eat upon the mountains: in the midst of thee they commit lewdness.

10In thee have they discovered their fathers’ nakedness: in thee have they humbled her that was set apart for pollution.

11And one hath committed abomination with his neighbour’s wife; and another hath lewdly defiled his daughter in law; and another in thee hath humbled his sister, his father’s daughter.

12In thee have they taken gifts to shed blood; thou hast taken usury and increase, and thou hast greedily gained of thy neighbours by extortion, and hast forgotten me, saith the Lord GOD.

13Behold, therefore I have smitten mine hand at thy dishonest gain which thou hast made, and at thy blood which hath been in the midst of thee.

14Can thine heart endure, or can thine hands be strong, in the days that I shall deal with thee? I the LORD have spoken it, and will do it.

15And I will scatter thee among the heathen, and disperse thee in the countries, and will consume thy filthiness out of thee.

16And thou shalt take thine inheritance in thyself in the sight of the heathen, and thou shalt know that I am the LORD.

17And the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

18Son of man, the house of Israel is to me become dross: all they are brass, and tin, and iron, and lead, in the midst of the furnace; they are even the dross of silver.

19Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Because ye are all become dross, behold, therefore I will gather you into the midst of Jerusalem.

20As they gather silver, and brass, and iron, and lead, and tin, into the midst of the furnace, to blow the fire upon it, to melt it; so will I gather you in mine anger and in my fury, and I will leave you there, and melt you.

21Yea, I will gather you, and blow upon you in the fire of my wrath, and ye shall be melted in the midst thereof.

22As silver is melted in the midst of the furnace, so shall ye be melted in the midst thereof; and ye shall know that I the LORD have poured out my fury upon you.

23And the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

24Son of man, say unto her, Thou art the land that is not cleansed, nor rained upon in the day of indignation.

25There is a conspiracy of her prophets in the midst thereof, like a roaring lion ravening the prey; they have devoured souls; they have taken the treasure and precious things; they have made her many widows in the midst thereof.

26Her priests have violated my law, and have profaned mine holy things: they have put no difference between the holy and profane, neither have they shewed difference between the unclean and the clean, and have hid their eyes from my sabbaths, and I am profaned among them.

27Her princes in the midst thereof are like wolves ravening the prey, to shed blood, and to destroy souls, to get dishonest gain.

28And her prophets have daubed them with untempered morter, seeing vanity, and divining lies unto them, saying, Thus saith the Lord GOD, when the LORD hath not spoken.

29The people of the land have used oppression, and exercised robbery, and have vexed the poor and needy: yea, they have oppressed the stranger wrongfully.

30And I sought for a man among them, that should make up the hedge, and stand in the gap before me for the land, that I should not destroy it: but I found none.

31Therefore have I poured out mine indignation upon them; I have consumed them with the fire of my wrath: their own way have I recompensed upon their heads, saith the Lord GOD.

1Moreover the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying,

2And thou, son of man, wilt thou judge, wilt thou judge the bloody city? then cause her to know all her abominations.

3And thou shalt say, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: A city that sheddeth blood in the midst of her, that her time may come, and that maketh idols against herself to defile her!

4Thou art become guilty in thy blood that thou hast shed, and art defiled in thine idols which thou hast made; and thou hast caused thy days to draw near, and art come even unto thy years: therefore have I made thee a reproach unto the nations, and a mocking to all the countries.

5Those that are near, and those that are far from thee, shall mock thee, thou infamous one [and] full of tumult.

6Behold, the princes of Israel, every one according to his power, have been in thee to shed blood.

7In thee have they set light by father and mother; in the midst of thee have they dealt by oppression with the sojourner; in thee have they wronged the fatherless and the widow.

8Thou hast despised my holy things, and hast profaned my sabbaths.

9Slanderous men have been in thee to shed blood; and in thee they have eaten upon the mountains: in the midst of thee they have committed lewdness.

10In thee have they uncovered their fathers` nakedness; in thee have they humbled her that was unclean in her impurity.

11And one hath committed abomination with his neighbor`s wife; and another hath lewdly defiled his daughter-in-law; and another in thee hath humbled his sister, his father`s daughter.

12In thee have they taken bribes to shed blood; thou hast taken interest and increase, and thou hast greedily gained of thy neighbors by oppression, and hast forgotten me, saith the Lord Jehovah.

13Behold, therefore, I have smitten my hand at thy dishonest gain which thou hast made, and at thy blood which hath been in the midst of thee.

14Can thy heart endure, or can thy hands be strong, in the days that I shall deal with thee? I, Jehovah, have spoken it, and will do it.

15And I will scatter thee among the nations, and disperse thee through the countries; and I will consume thy filthiness out of thee.

16And thou shalt be profaned in thyself, in the sight of the nations; and thou shalt know that I am Jehovah.

17And the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying,

18Son of man, the house of Israel is become dross unto me: all of them are brass and tin and iron and lead, in the midst of the furnace; they are the dross of silver.

19Therefore thus saith the Lord Jehovah: Because ye are all become dross, therefore, behold, I will gather you into the midst of Jerusalem.

20As they gather silver and brass and iron and lead and tin into the midst of the furnace, to blow the fire upon it, to melt it; so will I gather you in mine anger and in my wrath, and I will lay you there, and melt you.

21Yea, I will gather you, and blow upon you with the fire of my wrath, and ye shall be melted in the midst thereof.

22As silver is melted in the midst of the furnace, so shall ye be melted in the midst thereof; and ye shall know that I, Jehovah, have poured out my wrath upon you.

23And the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying,

24Son of man, say unto her, Thou art a land that is not cleansed, nor rained upon in the day of indignation.

25There is a conspiracy of her prophets in the midst thereof, like a roaring lion ravening the prey: they have devoured souls; they take treasure and precious things; they have made her widows many in the midst thereof.

26Her priests have done violence to my law, and have profaned my holy things: they have made no distinction between the holy and the common, neither have they caused men to discern between the unclean and the clean, and have hid their eyes from my sabbaths, and I am profaned among them.

27Her princes in the midst thereof are like wolves ravening the prey, to shed blood, [and] to destroy souls, that they may get dishonest gain.

28And her prophets have daubed for them with untempered [mortar], seeing false visions, and divining lies unto them, saying, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah, when Jehovah hath not spoken.

29The people of the land have used oppression, and exercised robbery; yea, they have vexed the poor and needy, and have oppressed the sojourner wrongfully.

30And I sought for a man among them, that should build up the wall, and stand in the gap before me for the land, that I should not destroy it; but I found none.

31Therefore have I poured out mine indignation upon them; I have consumed them with the fire of my wrath: their own way have I brought upon their heads, saith the Lord Jehovah.

1The Lord’s message came to me:

2“As for you, son of man, are you willing to pronounce judgment? Are you willing to pronounce judgment on the bloody city? Then confront her with all her abominable deeds!

3Then say, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: O city, who spills blood within herself (which brings on her doom), and who makes herself idols (which results in impurity),

4you are guilty because of the blood you shed and defiled by the idols you made. You have hastened the day of your doom; the end of your years has come. Therefore I will make you an object of scorn to the nations, an object to be mocked by all lands.

5Those both near and far from you will mock you, you with your bad reputation, full of turmoil.

6“‘See how each of the princes of Israel living within you has used his authority to shed blood.

7They have treated father and mother with contempt within you; they have oppressed the resident foreigner among you; they have wronged the orphan and the widow within you.

8You have despised my holy things and desecrated my Sabbaths!

9Slanderous men shed blood within you. Those who live within you eat pagan sacrifices on the mountains; they commit obscene acts among you.

10They have sexual relations with their father’s wife within you; they violate women during their menstrual period within you.

11One commits an abominable act with his neighbor’s wife; another obscenely defiles his daughter-in-law; another violates his sister—his father’s daughter—within you.

12They take bribes within you to shed blood. You engage in usury and charge interest; you extort money from your neighbors. You have forgotten me, declares the Sovereign Lord.

13“‘See, I strike my hands together at the dishonest profit you have made and at the bloodshed they have done among you.

14Can your heart endure or can your hands be strong when I deal with you? I, the Lord, have spoken, and I will do it!

15I will scatter you among the nations and disperse you among various countries; I will remove your impurity from you.

16You will be profaned within yourself in the sight of the nations; then you will know that I am the Lord.’”

17The Lord’s message came to me:

18“Son of man, the house of Israel has become slag to me. All of them are like bronze, tin, iron, and lead in the furnace; they are the worthless slag of silver.

19Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: ‘Because all of you have become slag, look out! I am about to gather you in the middle of Jerusalem.

20As silver, bronze, iron, lead, and tin are gathered in a furnace so that the fire can blow on them to melt them, so I will gather you in my anger and in my rage. I will deposit you there and melt you.

21I will gather you and blow on you with the fire of my fury, and you will be melted in it.

22As silver is melted in a furnace, so you will be melted in it, and you will know that I, the Lord, have poured out my anger on you.’”

23The Lord’s message came to me:

24“Son of man, say to her: ‘You are a land that receives no rain or showers in the day of my anger.’

25Her princes within her are like a roaring lion tearing its prey; they have devoured lives. They take away riches and valuable things; they have made many women widows within it.

26Her priests abuse my law and have desecrated my holy things. They do not distinguish between the holy and the profane or recognize any distinction between the unclean and the clean. They ignore my Sabbaths, and I am profaned in their midst.

27Her officials are like wolves in her midst rending their prey—shedding blood and destroying lives—so they can get dishonest profit.

28Her prophets coat their messages with whitewash. They see false visions and announce lying omens for them, saying, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says,’ when the Lord has not spoken.

29The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have wronged the poor and needy; they have oppressed the resident foreigner and denied them justice.

30“I looked for a man from among them who would repair the wall and stand in the gap before me on behalf of the land, so that I would not destroy it, but I found no one.

31So I have poured my anger on them and destroyed them with the fire of my fury. I hereby repay them for what they have done, declares the Sovereign Lord.”

1Moreover Yahweh’s word came to me, saying,

2“You, son of man, will you judge? Will you judge the bloody city? Then cause her to know all her abominations.

3You shall say, ‘Thus says the Lord Yahweh: “A city that sheds blood within herself, that her time may come, and that makes idols against herself to defile her!

4You have become guilty in your blood that you have shed, and are defiled in your idols which you have made! You have caused your days to draw near, and have come even to your years. Therefore I have made you a reproach to the nations, and a mocking to all the countries.

5Those who are near, and those who are far from you, will mock you, you infamous one, full of tumult.

6“‘“Behold, the princes of Israel, everyone according to his power, have been in you to shed blood.

7In you have they treated father and mother with contempt. Among you they have oppressed the foreigner. In you they have wronged the fatherless and the widow.

8You have despised my holy things, and have profaned my Sabbaths.

9Slanderous men have been in you to shed blood. In you they have eaten on the mountains. They have committed lewdness among you.

10In you have they uncovered their fathers’ nakedness. In you have they humbled her who was unclean in her impurity.

11One has committed abomination with his neighbor’s wife; and another has lewdly defiled his daughter-in-law. Another in you has humbled his sister, his father’s daughter.

12In you have they taken bribes to shed blood. You have taken interest and increase, and you have greedily gained of your neighbors by oppression, and have forgotten me,” says the Lord Yahweh.

13“‘“Behold, therefore I have struck my hand at your dishonest gain which you have made, and at your blood which has been within you.

14Can your heart endure, or can your hands be strong, in the days that I will deal with you? I, Yahweh, have spoken it, and will do it.

15I will scatter you among the nations, and disperse you through the countries. I will consume your filthiness out of you.

16You will be profaned in yourself, in the sight of the nations. Then you will know that I am Yahweh.”’”

17Yahweh’s word came to me, saying,

18“Son of man, the house of Israel has become dross to me. All of them are brass, tin, iron, and lead in the middle of the furnace. They are the dross of silver.

19Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: ‘Because you have all become dross, therefore, behold, I will gather you into the middle of Jerusalem.

20As they gather silver, brass, iron, lead, and tin into the middle of the furnace, to blow the fire on it, to melt it; so I will gather you in my anger and in my wrath, and I will lay you there, and melt you.

21Yes, I will gather you, and blow on you with the fire of my wrath, and you will be melted in the middle of it.

22As silver is melted in the middle of the furnace, so you will be melted in the middle of it; and you will know that I, Yahweh, have poured out my wrath on you.’”

23Yahweh’s word came to me, saying,

24“Son of man, tell her, ‘You are a land that is not cleansed, nor rained on in the day of indignation.’

25There is a conspiracy of her prophets within it, like a roaring lion ravening the prey. They have devoured souls. They take treasure and precious things. They have made many widows within it.

26Her priests have done violence to my law, and have profaned my holy things. They have made no distinction between the holy and the common, neither have they caused men to discern between the unclean and the clean, and have hidden their eyes from my Sabbaths. So I am profaned among them.

27Her princes within it are like wolves ravening the prey, to shed blood, and to destroy souls, that they may get dishonest gain.

28Her prophets have plastered for them with whitewash, seeing false visions, and divining lies to them, saying, ‘Thus says the Lord Yahweh,’ when Yahweh has not spoken.

29The people of the land have used oppression and exercised robbery. Yes, they have troubled the poor and needy, and have oppressed the foreigner wrongfully.

30“I sought for a man among them who would build up the wall and stand in the gap before me for the land, that I would not destroy it; but I found no one.

31Therefore I have poured out my indignation on them. I have consumed them with the fire of my wrath. I have brought their own way on their heads,” says the Lord Yahweh.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

Jerusalem is condemned as a bloody city, and her sins are catalogued in devastating detail: bloodshed, idolatry, sexual immorality, oppression of the vulnerable, profaning the Sabbath, and corruption at every level of society (vv. 1-16). God likens the nation to metal in a furnace, refined by judgment because it has become dross (vv. 17-22). He then declares that prophets, priests, princes, and common people have all failed in their duty (vv. 23-29). The chapter climaxes with God searching for just one person to stand in the gap and intercede for the land, but finding no one (v. 30), leaving judgment as the only remaining option (v. 31).

Authorship & Background

Author: Ezekiel son of Buzi (see Chapter 1 notes for full details).
Classification: Prophetic Indictment / Covenant Lawsuit
Key Themes: Jerusalem as "the bloody city," comprehensive sin catalogue, corruption at every social level, the smelting furnace of judgment, no intercessor found, leadership failure
Historical Context: This chapter functions as God's formal legal indictment against Jerusalem — a covenant lawsuit listing every charge before sentencing. The sins listed are not vague generalities but specific violations of the Mosaic covenant: idolatry (Exodus 20:3-5), bloodshed (Exodus 20:13), adultery (Exodus 20:14), oppression of aliens and orphans (Exodus 22:21- 22), Sabbath violation (Exodus 20:8-11), and financial exploitation (Exodus 22:25).
The Bloody City, and Her Sins Catalogued (vv.1-16): Wilt thou judge the bloody city, yea, thou shalt shew her all her abominations. What follows is the most systematic indictment in Ezekiel, and it is organized by relationship rather than by severity: princes shedding blood, father and mother set light by, the stranger oppressed, the fatherless and the widow vexed, holy things despised, sabbaths profaned, men carrying tales in order to get someone killed, eating upon the mountains, a father's nakedness uncovered, a woman approached in her separation, a neighbour's wife, a sister, a daughter-in-law, gifts taken to shed blood, usury and increase. Nearly every item corresponds to a specific statute in Leviticus 18 to 20, so the passage reads as a charge sheet drawn point by point from the law. The summary is one clause, and thou hast forgotten me, saith the Lord GOD.
The Furnace, and Israel as Dross (vv.17-22): The house of Israel is to me become dross, all they are brass, and tin, and iron, and lead, in the midst of the furnace, they are even the dross of silver. The metallurgy is exact: these are the base metals that separate out and are skimmed off, and silver is the thing they are not. Then the gathering, as they gather silver, and brass, and iron, and lead, and tin into the midst of the furnace, to blow the fire upon it, to melt it, so will I gather you in mine anger. What is missing from the end of the image is the point of it. The refining process is described in full and no purified metal is named as coming out of it.
Every Class Indicted, and No Man in the Gap (vv.23-31): The last oracle in the chapter takes the leadership apart by function. The prophets are like a roaring lion, daubing with untempered mortar as in chapter 13. The priests have violated my law, and the charge against them is a failure of discrimination, they have put no difference between the holy and profane, neither have they shewed difference between the unclean and the clean, which is precisely the job. The princes are wolves ravening the prey. The people of the land have used oppression, and vexed the poor and needy. Then the closing verse, which is the bleakest sentence in the first half of the book, I sought for a man among them, that should make up the hedge, and stand in the gap before me for the land, that I should not destroy it, but I found none. Abraham stood in that position for Sodom and Moses for Israel at Sinai. The office is described as vacant.

Map & Geography

  • Jerusalem (v.19): Capital of Judah; the holy city where the Temple stood.

Places on this map

  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Ezekiel 22 - Bible Study, Explanation, and Application
2BeLikeChrist

Ezekiel 22-23 | Jerusalem is Guilty | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Ezekiel -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Oppressing the Vulnerable (v.7) — Among the charges against Jerusalem is her treatment of parents, foreigners, and the fatherless and widow — using strength against the very people she should have protected. Who in your circle of influence is vulnerable in a way you could either exploit or protect, and which are you actually doing?
  • The Root Sin Beneath All the Others (v.12) — Bribery, extortion, and violence in the city all trace back to one line: you have forgotten me. What practical sin in your life, if you're honest, traces back to simply forgetting God was in the room?
  • Becoming Dross Instead of Silver (v.18) — God describes His people as the leftover impurities skimmed off in a smelting furnace, no longer resembling the precious metal they were meant to be. What impurity would a furnace of testing reveal in your character that you'd rather not see?
  • Blurring Holy and Unholy (v.26) — The priests are indicted specifically for failing to teach the difference between the holy and the common, letting the distinction blur until it disappeared. Where have you stopped drawing a clear line between what's sacred and what's not, letting convenience decide instead?
  • No One Found to Stand in the Gap (v.30) — God searches for even one person willing to intercede and rebuild the wall, and finds no one. If God searched your community for someone willing to stand in the gap right now, would He find you?