Ezekiel — Chapter 30
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1Again the word of the LORD came to me, saying,
2“Son of man, prophesy and declare that this is what the Lord GOD says: Wail, ‘Alas for that day!’
3For the day is near, the Day of the LORD is near. It will be a day of clouds, a time of doom for the nations.
4A sword will come against Egypt, and there will be anguish in Cush when the slain fall in Egypt, its wealth is taken away, and its foundations are torn down.
5Cush, Put, and Lud, and all the various peoples, as well as Libya and the men of the covenant land, will fall with Egypt by the sword.
6For this is what the LORD says: The allies of Egypt will fall, and her proud strength will collapse. From Migdol to Syene they will fall by the sword within her, declares the Lord GOD.
7They will be desolate among desolate lands, and their cities will lie among ruined cities.
8Then they will know that I am the LORD when I set fire to Egypt and all her helpers are shattered.
9On that day messengers will go out from Me in ships to frighten Cush out of complacency. Anguish will come upon them on the day of Egypt’s doom. For it is indeed coming.
10This is what the Lord GOD says: I will put an end to the hordes of Egypt by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon.
11He and his people with him, the most ruthless of the nations, will be brought in to destroy the land. They will draw their swords against Egypt and fill the land with the slain.
12I will make the streams dry up and sell the land to the wicked. By the hands of foreigners I will bring desolation upon the land and everything in it. I, the LORD, have spoken.
13This is what the Lord GOD says: I will destroy the idols and put an end to the images in Memphis. There will no longer be a prince in Egypt, and I will instill fear in that land.
14I will lay waste Pathros, set fire to Zoan, and execute judgment on Thebes.
15I will pour out My wrath on Pelusium, the stronghold of Egypt, and cut off the crowds of Thebes.
16I will set fire to Egypt, Pelusium will writhe in anguish, Thebes will be split open, and Memphis will face daily distress.
17The young men of On and Pi-beseth will fall by the sword, and those cities will go into captivity.
18The day will be darkened in Tahpanhes when I break the yoke of Egypt and her proud strength comes to an end. A cloud will cover her, and her daughters will go into captivity.
19So I will execute judgment on Egypt, and they will know that I am the LORD.”
20In the eleventh year, on the seventh day of the first month, the word of the LORD came to me, saying,
21“Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt. See, it has not been bound up for healing, or splinted for strength to hold the sword.
22Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: Behold, I am against Pharaoh king of Egypt. I will break his arms, both the strong one and the one already broken, and will make the sword fall from his hand.
23I will disperse the Egyptians among the nations and scatter them throughout the lands.
24I will strengthen the arms of Babylon’s king and place My sword in his hand, but I will break the arms of Pharaoh, who will groan before him like a mortally wounded man.
25I will strengthen the arms of Babylon’s king, but Pharaoh’s arms will fall limp. Then they will know that I am the LORD, when I place My sword in the hand of Babylon’s king, and he wields it against the land of Egypt.
26I will disperse the Egyptians among the nations and scatter them throughout the lands. Then they will know that I am the LORD.”
1The word of the LORD came again unto me, saying,
2Son of man, prophesy and say, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Howl ye, Woe worth the day
3For the day is near, even the day of the LORD is near, a cloudy day; it shall be the time of the heathen.
4And the sword shall come upon Egypt, and great pain shall be in Ethiopia, when the slain shall fall in Egypt, and they shall take away her multitude, and her foundations shall be broken down.
5Ethiopia, and Libya, and Lydia, and all the mingled people, and Chub, and the men of the land that is in league, shall fall with them by the sword.
6Thus saith the LORD; They also that uphold Egypt shall fall; and the pride of her power shall come down: from the tower of Syene shall they fall in it by the sword, saith the Lord GOD.
7And they shall be desolate in the midst of the countries that are desolate, and her cities shall be in the midst of the cities that are wasted.
8And they shall know that I am the LORD, when I have set a fire in Egypt, and when all her helpers shall be destroyed.
9In that day shall messengers go forth from me in ships to make the careless Ethiopians afraid, and great pain shall come upon them, as in the day of Egypt: for, lo, it cometh.
10Thus saith the Lord GOD; I will also make the multitude of Egypt to cease by the hand of Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon.
11He and his people with him, the terrible of the nations, shall be brought to destroy the land: and they shall draw their swords against Egypt, and fill the land with the slain.
12And I will make the rivers dry, and sell the land into the hand of the wicked: and I will make the land waste, and all that is therein, by the hand of strangers: I the LORD have spoken it.
13Thus saith the Lord GOD; I will also destroy the idols, and I will cause their images to cease out of Noph; and there shall be no more a prince of the land of Egypt: and I will put a fear in the land of Egypt.
14And I will make Pathros desolate, and will set fire in Zoan, and will execute judgments in No.
15And I will pour my fury upon Sin, the strength of Egypt; and I will cut off the multitude of No.
16And I will set fire in Egypt: Sin shall have great pain, and No shall be rent asunder, and Noph shall have distresses daily.
17The young men of Aven and of Pi-beseth shall fall by the sword: and these cities shall go into captivity.
18At Tehaphnehes also the day shall be darkened, when I shall break there the yokes of Egypt: and the pomp of her strength shall cease in her: as for her, a cloud shall cover her, and her daughters shall go into captivity.
19Thus will I execute judgments in Egypt: and they shall know that I am the LORD.
20And it came to pass in the eleventh year, in the first month, in the seventh day of the month, that the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,
21Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt; and, lo, it shall not be bound up to be healed, to put a roller to bind it, to make it strong to hold the sword.
22Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I am against Pharaoh king of Egypt, and will break his arms, the strong, and that which was broken; and I will cause the sword to fall out of his hand.
23And I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and will disperse them through the countries.
24And I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, and put my sword in his hand: but I will break Pharaoh’s arms, and he shall groan before him with the groanings of a deadly wounded man.
25But I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, and the arms of Pharaoh shall fall down; and they shall know that I am the LORD, when I shall put my sword into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he shall stretch it out upon the land of Egypt.
26And I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and disperse them among the countries; and they shall know that I am the LORD.
1The word of Jehovah came again unto me, saying,
2Son of man, prophesy, and say, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: Wail ye, Alas for the day!
3For the day is near, even the day of Jehovah is near; it shall be a day of clouds, a time of the nations.
4And a sword shall come upon Egypt, and anguish shall be in Ethiopia, when the slain shall fall in Egypt; and they shall take away her multitude, and her foundations shall be broken down.
5Ethiopia, and Put, and Lud, and all the mingled people, and Cub, and the children of the land that is in league, shall fall with them by the sword.
6Thus saith Jehovah: They also that uphold Egypt shall fall; and the pride of her power shall come down: from the tower of Seveneh shall they fall in it by the sword, saith the Lord Jehovah.
7And they shall be desolate in the midst of the countries that are desolate; and her cities shall be in the midst of the cities that are wasted.
8And they shall know at I am Jehovah, when I have set a fire in Egypt, and all her helpers are destroyed.
9In that day shall messengers go forth from before me in ships to make the careless Ethiopians afraid; and there shall be anguish upon them, as in the day of Egypt; for, lo, it cometh.
10Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: I will also make the multitude of Egypt to cease, by the hand of Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon.
11He and his people with him, the terrible of the nations, shall be brought in to destroy the land; and they shall draw their swords against Egypt, and fill the land with the slain.
12And I will make the rivers dry, and will sell the land into the hand of evil men; and I will make the land desolate, and all that is therein, by the hand of strangers: I, Jehovah, have spoken it.
13Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: I will also destroy the idols, and I will cause the images to cease from Memphis; and there shall be no more a prince from the land of Egypt: and I will put a fear in the land of Egypt.
14And I will make Pathros desolate, and will set a fire in Zoan, and will execute judgments upon No.
15And I will pour my wrath upon Sin, the stronghold of Egypt; and I will cut off the multitude of No.
16And I will set a fire in Egypt: Sin shall be in great anguish, and No shall be broken up; and Memphis [shall have] adversaries in the day-time.
17The young men of Aven and of Pibeseth shall fall by the sword; and these [cities] shall go into captivity.
18At Tehaphnehes also the day shall withdraw itself, when I shall break there the yokes of Egypt, and the pride of her power shall cease in her: as for her, a cloud shall cover her, and her daughters shall go into captivity.
19Thus will I execute judgments upon Egypt; and they shall know that I am Jehovah.
20And it came to pass in the eleventh year, in the first [month], in the seventh [day] of the month, that the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying,
21Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt; and, lo, it hath not been bound up, to apply [healing] medicines, to put a bandage to bind it, that it be strong to hold the sword.
22Therefore thus saith the Lord Jehovah: Behold, I am against Pharaoh king of Egypt, and will break his arms, the strong [arm], and that which was broken; and I will cause the sword to fall out of his hand.
23And I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and will disperse them through the countries.
24And I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, and put my sword in his hand: but I will break the arms of Pharaoh, and he shall groan before him with the groanings of a deadly wounded man.
25And I will hold up the arms of the king of Babylon; and the arms of Pharaoh shall fall down; and they shall know that I am Jehovah, when I shall put my sword into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he shall stretch it out upon the land of Egypt.
26And I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and disperse them through the countries; and they shall know that I am Jehovah.
1The Lord’s message came to me:
2“Son of man, prophesy and say, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: “‘Wail, “Alas, the day is here!”
3For the day is near, the day of the Lord is near; it will be a day of storm clouds, it will be a time of judgment for the nations.
4A sword will come against Egypt and panic will overtake Ethiopia when the slain fall in Egypt and they carry away her wealth and dismantle her foundations.
5Ethiopia, Put, Lud, all the foreigners, Libya, and the people of the covenant land will die by the sword along with them.
6“‘This is what the Lord says: Egypt’s supporters will fall; her confident pride will crumble. From Migdol to Syene they will die by the sword within her, declares the Sovereign Lord.
7They will be desolate among desolate lands, and their cities will be among ruined cities.
8They will know that I am the Lord when I ignite a fire in Egypt and all her allies are defeated.
9“‘On that day messengers will go out from me in ships to frighten overconfident Ethiopia; panic will overtake them on the day of Egypt’s doom; for beware—it is coming!
10“‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will put an end to the hordes of Egypt, by the hand of King Nebuchadrezzar of Babylon.
11He and his people with him, the most terrifying of the nations, will be brought there to destroy the land. They will draw their swords against Egypt and fill the land with corpses.
12I will dry up the waterways and hand the land over to evil men. I will make the land and everything in it desolate by the hand of foreigners. I, the Lord, have spoken!
13“‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will destroy the idols, and put an end to the gods of Memphis. There will no longer be a prince from the land of Egypt; so I will make the land of Egypt fearful.
14I will desolate Pathros, I will ignite a fire in Zoan, and I will execute judgments on Thebes.
15I will pour out my anger upon Pelusium, the stronghold of Egypt; I will cut off the hordes of Thebes.
16I will ignite a fire in Egypt; Syene will writhe in agony, Thebes will be broken down, and Memphis will face enemies every day.
17The young men of On and of Pi Beseth will die by the sword; and the cities will go into captivity.
18In Tahpanhes the day will be dark when I break the yoke of Egypt there. Her confident pride will cease within her; a cloud will cover her, and her daughters will go into captivity.
19I will execute judgments on Egypt. Then they will know that I am the Lord.’”
20In the eleventh year, in the first month, on the seventh day of the month, the Lord’s message came to me:
21“Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Look, it has not been bandaged for healing or set with a dressing so that it might become strong enough to grasp a sword.
22Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: Look, I am against Pharaoh king of Egypt, and I will break his arms, the strong arm and the broken one, and I will make the sword drop from his hand.
23I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations and disperse them among foreign countries.
24I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, and I will place my sword in his hand, but I will break the arms of Pharaoh, and he will groan like the fatally wounded before the king of Babylon.
25I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, but the arms of Pharaoh will fall limp. Then they will know that I am the Lord when I place my sword in the hand of the king of Babylon and he extends it against the land of Egypt.
26I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations and disperse them among foreign countries. Then they will know that I am the Lord.”
1Yahweh’s word came again to me, saying,
2“Son of man, prophesy, and say, ‘Thus says the Lord Yahweh: “Wail, ‘Alas for the day!’
3For the day is near, even Yahweh’s day is near. It will be a day of clouds, a time of the nations.
4A sword will come on Egypt, and anguish will be in Ethiopia, when the slain fall in Egypt. They take away her multitude, and her foundations are broken down.
5“‘“Ethiopia, Put, Lud, all the mixed people, Cub, and the children of the land that is allied with them, will fall with them by the sword.”
6“‘Yahweh says: “They also who uphold Egypt will fall. The pride of her power will come down. They will fall by the sword in it from the tower of Seveneh,” says the Lord Yahweh.
7“They will be desolate in the middle of the countries that are desolate. Her cities will be among the cities that are wasted.
8They will know that I am Yahweh when I have set a fire in Egypt, and all her helpers are destroyed.
9“‘“In that day messengers will go out from before me in ships to make the careless Ethiopians afraid. There will be anguish on them, as in the day of Egypt; for, behold, it comes.”
10“‘Thus says the Lord Yahweh: “I will also make the multitude of Egypt to cease, by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon.
11He and his people with him, the terrible of the nations, will be brought in to destroy the land. They will draw their swords against Egypt, and fill the land with the slain.
12I will make the rivers dry, and will sell the land into the hand of evil men. I will make the land desolate, and all that is therein, by the hand of strangers: I, Yahweh, have spoken it.”
13“‘Thus says the Lord Yahweh: “I will also destroy the idols, and I will cause the images to cease from Memphis. There will be no more a prince from the land of Egypt. I will put a fear in the land of Egypt.
14I will make Pathros desolate, and will set a fire in Zoan, and will execute judgments on No.
15I will pour my wrath on Sin, the stronghold of Egypt. I will cut off the multitude of No.
16I will set a fire in Egypt Sin will be in great anguish. No will be broken up. Memphis will have adversaries in the daytime.
17The young men of Aven and of Pibeseth will fall by the sword. They will go into captivity.
18At Tehaphnehes also the day will withdraw itself, when I break the yokes of Egypt, there. The pride of her power will cease in her. As for her, a cloud will cover her, and her daughters will go into captivity.
19Thus I will execute judgments on Egypt. Then they will know that I am Yahweh.”’”
20In the eleventh year, in the first month, in the seventh day of the month, Yahweh’s word came to me, saying,
21“Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Behold, it has not been bound up, to apply medicines, to put a bandage to bind it, that it become strong to hold the sword.
22Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: ‘Behold, I am against Pharaoh king of Egypt, and will break his arms, the strong arm, and that which was broken. I will cause the sword to fall out of his hand.
23I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and will disperse them through the countries.
24I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, and put my sword in his hand; but I will break the arms of Pharaoh, and he will groan before the king of Babylon with the groaning of a mortally wounded man.
25I will hold up the arms of the king of Babylon; and the arms of Pharaoh will fall down. Then they will know that I am Yahweh, when I put my sword into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he stretches it out on the land of Egypt.
26I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and disperse them through the countries. Then they will know that I am Yahweh.’”
Summary
Ezekiel applies the day of the LORD to Egypt, announcing a day of clouds and doom for Egypt and her allies — Ethiopia, Libya, Lydia, and other allied peoples (vv. 1-9). Nebuchadnezzar is named as God's chosen instrument to destroy Egypt's idols, scatter her people, and devastate her cities (vv. 10-19). The chapter also pictures God breaking Pharaoh's arms so he can no longer wield a sword, while strengthening the arms of Babylon's king (vv. 20-26). Egypt's pride in her own power is permanently shattered.
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
- Egypt (v.4, v.6, v.8): Land to the southwest; place of Israel's bondage and exodus.
- Babylon (v.10, v.24, v.25): Capital of the Babylonian empire; place of Judah's exile (modern Iraq).
Places on this map
- EgyptEgyptA ribbon of irrigated land along the Nile, ending in the Delta where Israel settled in Goshen. Rain-fed Canaan depended on weather; Egypt depended on a river that flooded on schedule, which made it the place everyone went when the harvest failed. Wikipedia
- Babylonnear Hillah, IraqOn the Euphrates about 55 miles south of modern Baghdad. Judah's exiles were marched roughly 900 miles to get here, the long way round the Arabian desert, which is why the journey took months and the return was a genuine undertaking rather than a short trip home. Wikipedia
Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
- Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.
Videos
Articles
- GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Ezekiel -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.
Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.
Reflection
- The Day Is Near (v.3) — God announces a specific day of reckoning for Egypt, a reminder that His apparent patience is not the same as His absence. What are you assuming will never actually come due, simply because it hasn't yet?
- God Targets What You Worship (v.13) — God specifically sets out to destroy Egypt's idols, not just her armies, going after what the nation actually trusted. What "idol" in your own life might God be systematically dismantling right now, even if it feels like He's just taking things away?
- Broken Arms Can't Hold Swords (v.21) — God breaks Pharaoh's arm so completely that it cannot even be bound up to fight again, ending his capacity for self-reliant strength. Where might God be limiting your ability to fight your own battles so that you'll actually lean on Him?
- Sovereignty Over Who Grows Strong (v.24) — God strengthens Babylon's arm while breaking Pharaoh's, distributing power entirely according to His own purposes. Do you resent the strength or success God has given someone else, or trust that He arranges these things for reasons you don't fully see?