Ezekiel — Chapter 3

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1“Son of man,” He said to me, “eat what you find here. Eat this scroll, then go and speak to the house of Israel.”

2So I opened my mouth, and He fed me the scroll.

3“Son of man,” He said to me, “eat and fill your stomach with this scroll I am giving you.” So I ate, and it was as sweet as honey in my mouth.

4Then He said to me, “Son of man, go now to the house of Israel and speak My words to them.

5For you are not being sent to a people of unfamiliar speech or difficult language, but to the house of Israel—

6not to the many peoples of unfamiliar speech and difficult language whose words you cannot understand. Surely if I had sent you to them, they would have listened to you.

7But the house of Israel will be unwilling to listen to you, since they are unwilling to listen to Me. For the whole house of Israel is hard-headed and hard-hearted.

8Behold, I will make your face as hard as their faces, and your forehead as hard as their foreheads.

9I will make your forehead like a diamond, harder than flint. Do not be afraid of them or dismayed at their presence, even though they are a rebellious house.”

10“Son of man,” He added, “listen carefully to all the words I speak to you, and take them to heart.

11Go to your people, the exiles; speak to them and tell them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says,’ whether they listen or refuse to listen.”

12Then the Spirit lifted me up, and I heard a great rumbling sound behind me: “Blessed be the glory of the LORD in His dwelling place!”

13It was the sound of the wings of the living creatures brushing against one another and the sound of the wheels beside them, a great rumbling sound.

14So the Spirit lifted me up and took me away, and I went in bitterness and in the anger of my spirit, with the strong hand of the LORD upon me.

15I came to the exiles at Tel-abib who dwelt by the River Kebar. And for seven days I sat where they sat and remained there among them, overwhelmed.

16At the end of seven days the word of the LORD came to me, saying,

17“Son of man, I have made you a watchman for the house of Israel. Whenever you hear a word from My mouth, give them a warning from Me.

18If I say to the wicked man, ‘You will surely die,’ but you do not warn him or speak out to warn him from his wicked way to save his life, that wicked man will die in his iniquity, and I will hold you responsible for his blood.

19But if you warn a wicked man and he does not turn from his wickedness and his wicked way, he will die in his iniquity, but you will have saved yourself.

20Now if a righteous man turns from his righteousness and commits iniquity, and I put a stumbling block before him, he will die. If you did not warn him, he will die in his sin, and the righteous acts he did will not be remembered. And I will hold you responsible for his blood.

21But if you warn the righteous man not to sin, and he does not sin, he will indeed live because he heeded your warning, and you will have saved yourself.”

22And there the hand of the LORD was upon me, and He said to me, “Get up, go out to the plain, and there I will speak with you.”

23So I got up and went out to the plain, and behold, the glory of the LORD was present there, like the glory I had seen by the River Kebar, and I fell facedown.

24Then the Spirit entered me and set me on my feet. He spoke with me and said, “Go, shut yourself inside your house.

25And you, son of man, they will tie with ropes, and you will be bound so that you cannot go out among the people.

26I will make your tongue stick to the roof of your mouth, and you will be silent and unable to rebuke them, though they are a rebellious house.

27But when I speak with you, I will open your mouth, and you are to tell them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says.’ Whoever listens, let him listen; and whoever refuses, let him refuse, for they are a rebellious house.

1Moreover he said unto me, Son of man, eat that thou findest; eat this roll, and go speak unto the house of Israel.

2So I opened my mouth, and he caused me to eat that roll.

3And he said unto me, Son of man, cause thy belly to eat, and fill thy bowels with this roll that I give thee. Then did I eat it; and it was in my mouth as honey for sweetness.

4And he said unto me, Son of man, go, get thee unto the house of Israel, and speak with my words unto them.

5For thou art not sent to a people of a strange speech and of an hard language, but to the house of Israel;

6Not to many people of a strange speech and of an hard language, whose words thou canst not understand. Surely, had I sent thee to them, they would have hearkened unto thee.

7But the house of Israel will not hearken unto thee; for they will not hearken unto me: for all the house of Israel are impudent and hardhearted.

8Behold, I have made thy face strong against their faces, and thy forehead strong against their foreheads.

9As an adamant harder than flint have I made thy forehead: fear them not, neither be dismayed at their looks, though they be a rebellious house.

10Moreover he said unto me, Son of man, all my words that I shall speak unto thee receive in thine heart, and hear with thine ears.

11And go, get thee to them of the captivity, unto the children of thy people, and speak unto them, and tell them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear.

12Then the spirit took me up, and I heard behind me a voice of a great rushing, saying, Blessed be the glory of the LORD from his place.

13I heard also the noise of the wings of the living creatures that touched one another, and the noise of the wheels over against them, and a noise of a great rushing.

14So the spirit lifted me up, and took me away, and I went in bitterness, in the heat of my spirit; but the hand of the LORD was strong upon me.

15Then I came to them of the captivity at Tel-abib, that dwelt by the river of Chebar, and I sat where they sat, and remained there astonished among them seven days.

16And it came to pass at the end of seven days, that the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

17Son of man, I have made thee a watchman unto the house of Israel: therefore hear the word at my mouth, and give them warning from me.

18When I say unto the wicked, Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at thine hand.

19Yet if thou warn the wicked, and he turn not from his wickedness, nor from his wicked way, he shall die in his iniquity; but thou hast delivered thy soul.

20Again, When a righteous man doth turn from his righteousness, and commit iniquity, and I lay a stumblingblock before him, he shall die: because thou hast not given him warning, he shall die in his sin, and his righteousness which he hath done shall not be remembered; but his blood will I require at thine hand.

21Nevertheless if thou warn the righteous man, that the righteous sin not, and he doth not sin, he shall surely live, because he is warned; also thou hast delivered thy soul.

22And the hand of the LORD was there upon me; and he said unto me, Arise, go forth into the plain, and I will there talk with thee.

23Then I arose, and went forth into the plain: and, behold, the glory of the LORD stood there, as the glory which I saw by the river of Chebar: and I fell on my face.

24Then the spirit entered into me, and set me upon my feet, and spake with me, and said unto me, Go, shut thyself within thine house.

25But thou, O son of man, behold, they shall put bands upon thee, and shall bind thee with them, and thou shalt not go out among them:

26And I will make thy tongue cleave to the roof of thy mouth, that thou shalt be dumb, and shalt not be to them a reprover: for they are a rebellious house.

27But when I speak with thee, I will open thy mouth, and thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; He that heareth, let him hear; and he that forbeareth, let him forbear: for they are a rebellious house.

1And he said unto me, Son of man, eat that which thou findest; eat this roll, and go, speak unto the house of Israel.

2So I opened my mouth, and he caused me to eat the roll.

3And he said unto me, Son of man, cause thy belly to eat, and fill thy bowels with this roll that I give thee. Then did I eat it; and it was in my mouth as honey for sweetness.

4And he said unto me, Son of man, go, get thee unto the house of Israel, and speak with my words unto them.

5For thou art not sent to a people of a strange speech and of a hard language, but to the house of Israel;

6not to many peoples of a strange speech and of a hard language, whose words thou canst not understand. Surely, if I sent thee to them, they would hearken unto thee.

7But the house of Israel will not hearken unto thee; for they will not hearken unto me: for all the house of Israel are of hard forehead and of a stiff heart.

8Behold, I have made thy face hard against their faces, and thy forehead hard against their foreheads.

9As an adamant harder than flint have I made thy forehead: fear them not, neither be dismayed at their looks, though they are a rebellious house.

10Moreover he said unto me, Son of man, all my words that I shall speak unto thee receive in thy heart, and hear with thine ears.

11And go, get thee to them of the captivity, unto the children of thy people, and speak unto them, and tell them, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah; whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear.

12Then the Spirit lifted me up, and I heard behind me the voice of a great rushing, [saying], Blessed be the glory of Jehovah from his place.

13And [I heard] the noise of the wings of the living creatures as they touched one another, and the noise of the wheels beside them, even the noise of a great rushing.

14So the Spirit lifted me up, and took me away; and I went in bitterness, in the heat of my spirit; and the hand of Jehovah was strong upon me.

15Then I came to them of the captivity at Tel-abib, that dwelt by the river Chebar, and to where they dwelt; and I sat there overwhelmed among them seven days.

16And it came to pass at the end of seven days, that the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying,

17Son of man, I have made thee a watchman unto the house of Israel: therefore hear the word at my mouth, and give them warning from me.

18When I say unto the wicked, Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man shall die in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at thy hand.

19Yet if thou warn the wicked, and he turn not from his wickedness, nor from his wicked way, he shall die in his iniquity; but thou hast delivered thy soul.

20Again, when a righteous man doth turn from his righteousness, and commit iniquity, and I lay a stumblingblock before him, he shall die: because thou hast not given him warning, he shall die in his sin, and his righteous deeds which he hath done shall not be remembered; but his blood will I require at thy hand.

21Nevertheless if thou warn the righteous man, that the righteous sin not, and he doth not sin, he shall surely live, because he took warning; and thou hast delivered thy soul.

22And the hand of Jehovah was there upon me; and he said unto me, Arise, go forth into the plain, and I will there talk with thee.

23Then I arose, and went forth into the plain: and, behold, the glory of Jehovah stood there, as the glory which I saw by the river Chebar; and I fell on my face.

24Then the Spirit entered into me, and set me upon my feet; and he spake with me, and said unto me, Go, shut thyself within thy house.

25But thou, son of man, behold, they shall lay bands upon thee, and shall bind thee with them, and thou shalt not go out among them:

26and I will make thy tongue cleave to the roof of thy mouth, that thou shalt be dumb, and shalt not be to them a reprover; for they are a rebellious house.

27But when I speak with thee, I will open thy mouth, and thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: He that heareth, let him hear; and he that forbeareth, let him forbear: for they are a rebellious house.

1He said to me, “Son of man, eat what you see in front of you—eat this scroll—and then go and speak to the house of Israel.”

2So I opened my mouth and he fed me the scroll.

3He said to me, “Son of man, feed your stomach and fill your belly with this scroll I am giving to you.” So I ate it, and it was sweet like honey in my mouth.

4He said to me, “Son of man, go to the house of Israel and speak my words to them.

5For you are not being sent to a people of unintelligible speech and difficult language, but to the house of Israel—

6not to many peoples of unintelligible speech and difficult language, whose words you cannot understand. Surely if I had sent you to them, they would listen to you!

7But the house of Israel is unwilling to listen to you, because they are not willing to listen to me, for the whole house of Israel is hardheaded and hardhearted.

8“I have made your face adamant to match their faces, and your forehead hard to match their foreheads.

9I have made your forehead harder than flint—like diamond! Do not fear them or be terrified of the looks they give you, for they are a rebellious house.”

10And he said to me, “Son of man, take all my words that I speak to you to heart and listen carefully.

11Go to the exiles, to your fellow countrymen, and speak to them. Say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says,’ whether they pay attention or not.”

12Then a wind lifted me up and I heard a great rumbling sound behind me as the glory of the Lord rose from its place,

13and the sound of the living beings’ wings brushing against each other, and the sound of the wheels alongside them, a great rumbling sound.

14A wind lifted me up and carried me away. I went bitterly, my spirit full of fury, and the hand of the Lord rested powerfully on me.

15I came to the exiles at Tel Abib, who lived by the Kebar River. I sat dumbfounded among them there, where they were living, for seven days.

16At the end of seven days the Lord’s message came to me:

17“Son of man, I have appointed you a watchman for the house of Israel. Whenever you hear a word from my mouth, you must give them a warning from me.

18When I say to the wicked, ‘You will certainly die,’ and you do not warn him—you do not speak out to warn the wicked to turn from his wicked lifestyle so that he may live—that wicked person will die for his iniquity, but I will hold you accountable for his death.

19But as for you, if you warn the wicked and he does not turn from his wicked deed and from his wicked lifestyle, he will die for his iniquity but you will have saved your own life.

20“When a righteous person turns from his righteousness and commits iniquity, and I set an obstacle before him, he will die. If you have not warned him, he will die for his sin. The righteous deeds he performed will not be considered, but I will hold you accountable for his death.

21However, if you warn the righteous person not to sin, and he does not sin, he will certainly live because he was warned, and you will have saved your own life.”

22The hand of the Lord rested on me there, and he said to me, “Get up, go out to the valley, and I will speak with you there.”

23So I got up and went out to the valley, and the glory of the Lord was standing there, just like the glory I had seen by the Kebar River, and I threw myself face down.

24Then a wind came into me and stood me on my feet. The Lord spoke to me and said, “Go shut yourself in your house.

25As for you, son of man, they will put ropes on you and tie you up with them, so you cannot go out among them.

26I will make your tongue stick to the roof of your mouth so that you will be silent and unable to reprove them, for they are a rebellious house.

27But when I speak with you, I will loosen your tongue and you must say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says.’ Those who listen will listen, but the indifferent will refuse, for they are a rebellious house.

1He said to me, “Son of man, eat what you find. Eat this scroll, and go, speak to the house of Israel.”

2So I opened my mouth, and he caused me to eat the scroll.

3He said to me, “Son of man, cause your belly to eat, and fill your bowels with this scroll that I give you.” Then I ate it; and it was as sweet as honey in my mouth.

4He said to me, “Son of man, go to the house of Israel, and speak my words to them.

5For you are not sent to a people of a strange speech and of a hard language, but to the house of Israel;

6not to many peoples of a strange speech and of a hard language, whose words you can’t understand. Surely, if I sent you to them, they would listen to you.

7But the house of Israel will not listen to you, for they will not listen to me; for all the house of Israel are obstinate and hard-hearted.

8Behold, I have made your face hard against their faces, and your forehead hard against their foreheads.

9I have made your forehead as a diamond, harder than flint. Don’t be afraid of them, neither be dismayed at their looks, though they are a rebellious house.”

10Moreover he said to me, “Son of man, receive in your heart and hear with your ears all my words that I speak to you.

11Go to them of the captivity, to the children of your people, and speak to them, and tell them, ‘Thus says the Lord Yahweh;’ whether they will hear, or whether they will refuse.

12Then the Spirit lifted me up, and I heard behind me the voice of a great rushing, saying, “Blessed be Yahweh’s glory from his place.”

13I heard the noise of the wings of the living creatures as they touched one another, and the noise of the wheels beside them, even the noise of a great rushing.

14So the Spirit lifted me up, and took me away; and I went in bitterness, in the heat of my spirit; and Yahweh’s hand was strong on me.

15Then I came to them of the captivity at Tel Aviv, that lived by the river Chebar, and to where they lived; and I sat there overwhelmed among them seven days.

16At the end of seven days, Yahweh’s word came to me, saying,

17“Son of man, I have made you a watchman to the house of Israel. Therefore hear the word from my mouth, and warn them from me.

18When I tell the wicked, ‘You will surely die;’ and you give him no warning, nor speak to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked man will die in his iniquity; but I will require his blood at your hand.

19Yet if you warn the wicked, and he doesn’t turn from his wickedness, nor from his wicked way, he will die in his iniquity; but you have delivered your soul.”

20“Again, when a righteous man turns from his righteousness, and commits iniquity, and I lay a stumbling block before him, he will die. Because you have not given him warning, he will die in his sin, and his righteous deeds which he has done will not be remembered; but I will require his blood at your hand.

21Nevertheless if you warn the righteous man, that the righteous not sin, and he does not sin, he will surely live, because he took warning; and you have delivered your soul.”

22Yahweh’s hand was there on me; and he said to me, “Arise, go out into the plain, and I will talk with you there.”

23Then I arose, and went out into the plain, and behold, Yahweh’s glory stood there, like the glory which I saw by the river Chebar. Then I fell on my face.

24Then the Spirit entered into me, and set me on my feet. He spoke with me, and said to me, “Go, shut yourself inside your house.

25But you, son of man, behold, they will put ropes on you, and will bind you with them, and you will not go out among them.

26I will make your tongue stick to the roof of your mouth, that you will be mute, and will not be able to correct them; for they are a rebellious house.

27But when I speak with you, I will open your mouth, and you shall tell them, ‘Thus says the Lord Yahweh.’ He who hears, let him hear; and he who refuses, let him refuse; for they are a rebellious house.”

Summary
Authorship & Background
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

Ezekiel eats the scroll, and to his surprise it tastes sweet as honey (v. 3). God sends him not to a foreign people who would listen, but to the hard-hearted house of Israel, giving him a resolve as unyielding as their own stubbornness (vv. 4-9). He is carried to the exiles at Tel-abib and sits among them, overwhelmed, for seven days (vv. 14-15). God then appoints him a watchman for Israel: if he warns the wicked and they still perish, he is cleared of guilt, but if he fails to warn them, their blood is on his own hands (vv. 16-21).

Authorship & Background

Author: Ezekiel son of Buzi (see Chapter 1 notes for full details).
Classification: Prophetic Call Narrative — Eating the Scroll + Watchman Appointment
Key Themes: The scroll tastes like honey (God's word is sweet even when the message is heavy), the prophet's forehead hardened, the watchman's responsibility, blood-guilt for silence, seven days of stunned silence
Historical Context: Continuing the commissioning (chs.2-3), Ezekiel eats the scroll of lamentations — and it's sweet (v.3). God's word is always sweet to consume, even when its content is judgment. Then God gives the stunning comparison: if sent to foreigners they'd listen (v.6) — but Israel won't. Why? "All the house of Israel are impudent and hardhearted" (v.7). God makes Ezekiel's face harder than theirs (diamond vs. flint). The watchman commission (vv.17-21) defines Ezekiel's responsibility: Warn. If he warns and they ignore — their blood, not his. If he fails to warn — their blood on his head. The chapter ends with another glory-vision and Ezekiel struck dumb until God opens his mouth.
The Roll Eaten, and Sweet as Honey (vv.1-3): Eat that thou findest, eat this roll, and go speak unto the house of Israel. The order of operations is the point: the message is internalised before it is delivered, and it goes in before it goes out. What surprises is the taste, then did I eat it, and it was in my mouth as honey for sweetness, given that the contents were lamentations, mourning and woe. Revelation 10 repeats the scene almost exactly and adds the other half of the experience, sweet in the mouth and bitter in the belly.
Sent to Israel, Who Will Not Hearken (vv.4-11): The argument here is uncomfortable and deliberately so. He is not sent to a people of a strange speech, and the reason given is not convenience: had he been sent to strangers, they would have hearkened unto thee. It is his own people who will not. Against that, the equipment he is given is entirely defensive, behold, I have made thy face strong against their faces, and thy forehead strong against their foreheads. The name Ezekiel means God strengthens, and the verse is built on that pun. He is sent to the captivity with a single instruction, whether they hear or whether they forbear.
The Spirit Lifts Him, and He Sits Seven Days (vv.12-15): A noise of a great rushing, and a doxology that will matter later in the book, blessed be the glory of the LORD from his place. Then the flattest and most human sentence in the chapter, so the spirit lifted me up, and took me away, and I went in bitterness, in the heat of my spirit. He arrives at Tel-abib and the verb chosen is precise, I sat where they sat, and remained there astonished among them seven days. The commission does not begin with speech. It begins with a week of silence in the middle of the people he has been sent to.
The Watchman (vv.16-21): After the seven days the word comes, and the office is defined in terms of liability rather than of results. If the watchman does not give warning, the wicked man dies in his iniquity and his blood will I require at thine hand. If he warns and is not heard, then thou hast delivered thy soul. The same reasoning is applied to the righteous man who turns aside. What the watchman controls is whether the warning was given, and nothing else. This commission is restated at length in 33:1-9, after Jerusalem has fallen, so the whole book of oracles sits between two statements of the same job description.
The Plain, the Bands, and the Tongue Made Dumb (vv.22-27): He is sent out into the plain, sees the glory again, and is given three restrictions. Shut thyself within thine house. They shall put bands upon thee. And I will make thy tongue cleave to the roof of thy mouth, that thou shalt be dumb. The dumbness is not total, and the exception is stated in the same breath, but when I speak with thee, I will open thy mouth. What he loses is ordinary conversation, not prophecy; he becomes a man who can only say what he is given to say. The condition holds until the night the news of Jerusalem's fall arrives, at 33:22.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Eat Your Bible - Ezekiel 2:6-3:3
David Guzik

Ezekiel 1-3 | The Prophet of New Creation | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Ezekiel 3 - The Burden of a Prophet
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Ezekiel -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Sweetness in a Hard Word (v.3) — The scroll of judgment tastes like honey in Ezekiel's mouth even though its content is lament and woe. Have you found that receiving God's word brings its own sweetness, even when what it asks of you is difficult?
  • Given Resolve to Match Resistance (v.9) — God hardens Ezekiel's forehead like an adamant stone, tougher than the flint-like resistance he will face. Where do you need to trust that God has equipped you with enough resolve for the opposition ahead?
  • Carried Away in Bitterness, Sustained by His Hand (v.14) — Ezekiel goes out troubled and bitter in spirit, yet the hand of the Lord is strong upon him the whole time. Can you be honest with God about the weight of a calling while still trusting His hand to carry you through it?
  • Delivered by Faithful Warning (v.19) — Once Ezekiel warns the wicked, their continued sin is on them, not on him — he has delivered his own soul simply by speaking. Are you carrying guilt for someone else's response, when you were only ever responsible for speaking the truth?
  • Speaking Only When God Opens the Mouth (v.26) — Ezekiel is struck silent and can speak only the words God gives him, on God's timing rather than his own initiative. Are you willing to wait for God's prompting instead of speaking on your own schedule?