Genesis — Chapter 11
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1And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
2And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
3And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them throughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
4And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.
5And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded.
6And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do.
7Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech.
8So the LORD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city.
9Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.
10These are the generations of Shem: Shem was an hundred years old, and begat Arphaxad two years after the flood:
11And Shem lived after he begat Arphaxad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
12And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah:
13And Arphaxad lived after he begat Salah four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
14And Salah lived thirty years, and begat Eber:
15And Salah lived after he begat Eber four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
16And Eber lived four and thirty years, and begat Peleg:
17And Eber lived after he begat Peleg four hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters.
18And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu:
19And Peleg lived after he begat Reu two hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters.
20And Reu lived two and thirty years, and begat Serug:
21And Reu lived after he begat Serug two hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters.
22And Serug lived thirty years, and begat Nahor:
23And Serug lived after he begat Nahor two hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
24And Nahor lived nine and twenty years, and begat Terah:
25And Nahor lived after he begat Terah an hundred and nineteen years, and begat sons and daughters.
26And Terah lived seventy years, and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
27Now these are the generations of Terah: Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran; and Haran begat Lot.
28And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
29And Abram and Nahor took them wives: the name of Abram’s wife was Sarai; and the name of Nahor’s wife, Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah, and the father of Iscah.
30But Sarai was barren; she had no child.
31And Terah took Abram his son, and Lot the son of Haran his son’s son, and Sarai his daughter in law, his son Abram’s wife; and they went forth with them from Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of Canaan; and they came unto Haran, and dwelt there.
32And the days of Terah were two hundred and five years: and Terah died in Haran.
1And the whole earth was of one language and of one speech.
2And it came to pass, as they journeyed east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
3And they said one to another, Come, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for mortar.
4And they said, Come, let us build us a city, and a tower, whose top [may reach] unto heaven, and let us make us a name; lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.
5And Jehovah came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded.
6And Jehovah said, Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is what they begin to do: and now nothing will be withholden from them, which they purpose to do.
7Come, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another`s speech.
8So Jehovah scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off building the city.
9Therefore was the name of it called Babel; because Jehovah did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did Jehovah scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.
10These are the generations of Shem. Shem was a hundred years old, and begat Arpachshad two years after the flood.
11and Shem lived after he begat Arpachshad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
12And Arpachshad lived five and thirty years, and begat Shelah.
13and Arpachshad lived after he begat Shelah four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
14And Shelah lived thirty years, and begat Eber:
15and Shelah lived after he begat Eber four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
16And Eber lived four and thirty years, and begat Peleg:
17and Eber lived after he begat Peleg four hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters.
18And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu:
19and Peleg lived after he begat Reu two hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters.
20And Reu lived two and thirty years, and begat Serug:
21and Reu lived after he begat Serug two hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters.
22And Serug lived thirty years, and begat Nahor:
23and Serug lived after he begat Nahor two hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
24And Nahor lived nine and twenty years, and begat Terah:
25and Nahor lived after he begat Terah a hundred and nineteen years, and begat sons and daughters.
26And Terah lived seventy years, and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
27Now these are the generations of Terah. Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran. And Haran begat Lot.
28And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
29And Abram and Nahor took them wives: The name of Abram`s wife was Sarai; and the name of Nahor`s wife, Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah, and the father of Iscah.
30And Sarai was barren; She had no child.
31And Terah took Abram his son, and Lot the son of Haran, his son`s son, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, his son Abram`s wife; and they went forth with them from Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of Canaan; and they came unto Haran, and dwelt there.
32And the days of Terah were two hundred and five years: and Terah died in Haran.
1The whole earth had a common language and a common vocabulary.
2When the people moved eastward, they found a plain in Shinar and settled there.
3Then they said to one another, “Come, let’s make bricks and bake them thoroughly.” (They had brick instead of stone and tar instead of mortar.)
4Then they said, “Come, let’s build ourselves a city and a tower with its top in the heavens so that we may make a name for ourselves. Otherwise we will be scattered across the face of the entire earth.”
5But the Lord came down to see the city and the tower that the people had started building.
6And the Lord said, “If as one people all sharing a common language they have begun to do this, then nothing they plan to do will be beyond them.
7Come, let’s go down and confuse their language so they won’t be able to understand each other.”
8So the Lord scattered them from there across the face of the entire earth, and they stopped building the city.
9That is why its name was called Babel—because there the Lord confused the language of the entire world, and from there the Lord scattered them across the face of the entire earth.
10This is the account of Shem.Shem was 100 years old when he became the father of Arphaxad, two years after the flood.
11And after becoming the father of Arphaxad, Shem lived 500 years and had other sons and daughters.
12When Arphaxad had lived 35 years, he became the father of Shelah.
13And after he became the father of Shelah, Arphaxad lived 403 years and had other sons and daughters.
14When Shelah had lived 30 years, he became the father of Eber.
15And after he became the father of Eber, Shelah lived 403 years and had other sons and daughters.
16When Eber had lived 34 years, he became the father of Peleg.
17And after he became the father of Peleg, Eber lived 430 years and had other sons and daughters.
18When Peleg had lived 30 years, he became the father of Reu.
19And after he became the father of Reu, Peleg lived 209 years and had other sons and daughters.
20When Reu had lived 32 years, he became the father of Serug.
21And after he became the father of Serug, Reu lived 207 years and had other sons and daughters.
22When Serug had lived 30 years, he became the father of Nahor.
23And after he became the father of Nahor, Serug lived 200 years and had other sons and daughters.
24When Nahor had lived 29 years, he became the father of Terah.
25And after he became the father of Terah, Nahor lived 119 years and had other sons and daughters.
26When Terah had lived 70 years, he became the father of Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
27This is the account of Terah.Terah became the father of Abram, Nahor, and Haran. And Haran became the father of Lot.
28Haran died in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldeans, while his father Terah was still alive.
29And Abram and Nahor took wives for themselves. The name of Abram’s wife was Sarai. And the name of Nahor’s wife was Milcah; she was the daughter of Haran, who was the father of both Milcah and Iscah.
30But Sarai was barren; she had no children.
31Terah took his son Abram, his grandson Lot (the son of Haran), and his daughter-in-law Sarai, his son Abram’s wife, and with them he set out from Ur of the Chaldeans to go to Canaan. When they came to Haran, they settled there.
32The lifetime of Terah was 205 years, and he died in Haran.
1The whole earth was of one language and of one speech.
2As they traveled from the east, they found a plain in the land of Shinar, and they lived there.
3They said to one another, “Come, let’s make bricks, and burn them thoroughly.” They had brick for stone, and they used tar for mortar.
4They said, “Come, let’s build ourselves a city, and a tower whose top reaches to the sky, and let’s make a name for ourselves, lest we be scattered abroad on the surface of the whole earth.”
5Yahweh came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men built.
6Yahweh said, “Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language, and this is what they begin to do. Now nothing will be withheld from them, which they intend to do.
7Come, let’s go down, and there confuse their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech.”
8So Yahweh scattered them abroad from there on the surface of all the earth. They stopped building the city.
9Therefore its name was called Babel, because there Yahweh confused the language of all the earth. From there, Yahweh scattered them abroad on the surface of all the earth.
10This is the history of the generations of Shem: Shem was one hundred years old when he became the father of Arpachshad two years after the flood.
11Shem lived five hundred years after he became the father of Arpachshad, and became the father of more sons and daughters.
12Arpachshad lived thirty-five years and became the father of Shelah.
13Arpachshad lived four hundred three years after he became the father of Shelah, and became the father of more sons and daughters.
14Shelah lived thirty years, and became the father of Eber.
15Shelah lived four hundred three years after he became the father of Eber, and became the father of more sons and daughters.
16Eber lived thirty-four years, and became the father of Peleg.
17Eber lived four hundred thirty years after he became the father of Peleg, and became the father of more sons and daughters.
18Peleg lived thirty years, and became the father of Reu.
19Peleg lived two hundred nine years after he became the father of Reu, and became the father of more sons and daughters.
20Reu lived thirty-two years, and became the father of Serug.
21Reu lived two hundred seven years after he became the father of Serug, and became the father of more sons and daughters.
22Serug lived thirty years, and became the father of Nahor.
23Serug lived two hundred years after he became the father of Nahor, and became the father of more sons and daughters.
24Nahor lived twenty-nine years, and became the father of Terah.
25Nahor lived one hundred nineteen years after he became the father of Terah, and became the father of more sons and daughters.
26Terah lived seventy years, and became the father of Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
27Now this is the history of the generations of Terah. Terah became the father of Abram, Nahor, and Haran. Haran became the father of Lot.
28Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees.
29Abram and Nahor married wives. The name of Abram’s wife was Sarai, and the name of Nahor’s wife was Milcah, the daughter of Haran who was also the father of Iscah.
30Sarai was barren. She had no child.
31Terah took Abram his son, Lot the son of Haran, his son’s son, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, his son Abram’s wife. They went from Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of Canaan. They came to Haran and lived there.
32The days of Terah were two hundred five years. Terah died in Haran.
Summary
Humanity rebels at Babel, building a tower to make a name for themselves; God confuses their language and scatters them, then traces the line from Shem to Abram.
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
- Shinar (v.2) — the plain of Babylonia (modern southern Iraq). The people migrate eastward (away from God's presence, the recurring Genesis pattern).
- Babel (v.9) — Babylon, one of the most significant cities in ancient history. Its name means "gate of god" but is linked to "confusion" (balal).
- Ur of the Chaldees (v.28) — Abram's origin city in southern Mesopotamia (modern Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq). A major Sumerian urban center.
- Haran (v.31) — a city in northwest Mesopotamia (modern Harran, Turkey), a caravan crossroads on the route between Ur and Canaan.
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers Babel's rebellion, God's response, the genealogy, and the transition to Abram.
- Charles Spurgeon: Sermon: "Babel" on vv.4-9 (MTP Vol. 14, No. 828) "Let US make US a name — self-glory, self-determination, self-sufficiency. This is the essence of all sin: 'us' instead of God. They wanted to reach heaven on their own terms — by their own effort, for their own glory. God's response: confusion and scattering. Every attempt to build a kingdom without God ends in confusion. Every tower of human pride is brought low."
Reflection
- 1. "Let us make us a name" (v.4). Where are you building for YOUR name rather than God's? Self-glory is the essence of Babel. Are you building a tower of reputation, achievement, or control?
- 2. "The LORD came down to see" (v.5). Your greatest achievements are tiny from God's perspective. Does this humble you? Does it free you from the pressure to impress?
- 3. God scattered what humanity united in rebellion (v.8). But at Pentecost (Acts 2), God united what was scattered — through the gospel. The cure for Babel is not human unity but Spirit-created unity in Christ.
- 4. "Sarai was barren" (v.30). God's greatest works often begin with impossibility. Where in your life does the situation seem impossible? That may be exactly where God plans to work.
- 5. Terah started toward Canaan but stopped at Haran (v.31). He got halfway and settled. Are you settling for halfway obedience? God's call requires going all the way.