Genesis — Chapter 29

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1Jacob resumed his journey and came to the land of the people of the east.

2He looked and saw a well in the field, and near it lay three flocks of sheep, because the sheep were watered from this well. And a large stone covered the mouth of the well.

3When all the flocks had been gathered there, the shepherds would roll away the stone from the mouth of the well and water the sheep. Then they would return the stone to its place over the mouth of the well.

4“My brothers,” Jacob asked the shepherds, “where are you from?” “We are from Haran,” they answered.

5“Do you know Laban the grandson of Nahor?” Jacob asked. “We know him,” they replied.

6“Is he well?” Jacob inquired. “Yes,” they answered, “and here comes his daughter Rachel with his sheep.”

7“Look,” said Jacob, “it is still broad daylight; it is not yet time to gather the livestock. Water the sheep and take them back to pasture.”

8But they replied, “We cannot, until all the flocks have been gathered and the stone has been rolled away from the mouth of the well. Then we will water the sheep.”

9While he was still speaking with them, Rachel arrived with her father’s sheep, for she was a shepherdess.

10As soon as Jacob saw Rachel, the daughter of his mother’s brother Laban, with Laban’s sheep, he went up and rolled the stone away from the mouth of the well and watered his uncle’s sheep.

11Then Jacob kissed Rachel and wept aloud.

12He told Rachel that he was Rebekah’s son, a relative of her father, and she ran and told her father.

13When Laban heard the news about his sister’s son Jacob, he ran out to meet him. He embraced him and kissed him and brought him to his home, where Jacob told him all that had happened.

14Then Laban declared, “You are indeed my own flesh and blood.” After Jacob had stayed with him a month,

15Laban said to him, “Just because you are my relative, should you work for nothing? Tell me what your wages should be.”

16Now Laban had two daughters; the older was named Leah, and the younger was named Rachel.

17Leah had weak eyes, but Rachel was shapely and beautiful.

18Since Jacob loved Rachel, he answered, “I will serve you seven years for your younger daughter Rachel.”

19Laban replied, “Better that I give her to you than to another. Stay here with me.”

20So Jacob served seven years for Rachel, yet it seemed but a few days because of his love for her.

21Finally Jacob said to Laban, “Grant me my wife, for my time is complete, and I want to sleep with her.”

22So Laban invited all the men of that place and prepared a feast.

23But when evening came, Laban took his daughter Leah and gave her to Jacob, and he slept with her.

24And Laban gave his servant girl Zilpah to his daughter Leah as her maidservant.

25When morning came, there was Leah! “What have you done to me?” Jacob said to Laban. “Wasn’t it for Rachel that I served you? Why have you deceived me?”

26Laban replied, “It is not our custom here to give the younger daughter in marriage before the older.

27Finish this week’s celebration, and we will give you the younger one in return for another seven years of work.”

28And Jacob did just that. He finished the week’s celebration, and Laban gave him his daughter Rachel as his wife.

29Laban also gave his servant girl Bilhah to his daughter Rachel as her maidservant.

30Jacob slept with Rachel as well, and indeed, he loved Rachel more than Leah. So he worked for Laban another seven years.

31When the LORD saw that Leah was unloved, He opened her womb; but Rachel was barren.

32And Leah conceived and gave birth to a son, and she named him Reuben, for she said, “The LORD has seen my affliction. Surely my husband will love me now.”

33Again she conceived and gave birth to a son, and she said, “Because the LORD has heard that I am unloved, He has given me this son as well.” So she named him Simeon.

34Once again Leah conceived and gave birth to a son, and she said, “Now at last my husband will become attached to me, because I have borne him three sons.” So he was named Levi.

35And once more she conceived and gave birth to a son and said, “This time I will praise the LORD.” So she named him Judah. Then Leah stopped having children.

1Then Jacob went on his journey, and came into the land of the people of the east.

2And he looked, and behold a well in the field, and, lo, there were three flocks of sheep lying by it; for out of that well they watered the flocks: and a great stone was upon the well’s mouth.

3And thither were all the flocks gathered: and they rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again upon the well’s mouth in his place.

4And Jacob said unto them, My brethren, whence be ye? And they said, Of Haran are we.

5And he said unto them, Know ye Laban the son of Nahor? And they said, We know him.

6And he said unto them, Is he well? And they said, He is well: and, behold, Rachel his daughter cometh with the sheep.

7And he said, Lo, it is yet high day, neither is it time that the cattle should be gathered together: water ye the sheep, and go and feed them.

8And they said, We cannot, until all the flocks be gathered together, and till they roll the stone from the well’s mouth; then we water the sheep.

9And while he yet spake with them, Rachel came with her father’s sheep: for she kept them.

10And it came to pass, when Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of Laban his mother’s brother, and the sheep of Laban his mother’s brother, that Jacob went near, and rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the flock of Laban his mother’s brother.

11And Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept.

12And Jacob told Rachel that he was her father’s brother, and that he was Rebekah’s son: and she ran and told her father.

13And it came to pass, when Laban heard the tidings of Jacob his sister’s son, that he ran to meet him, and embraced him, and kissed him, and brought him to his house. And he told Laban all these things.

14And Laban said to him, Surely thou art my bone and my flesh. And he abode with him the space of a month.

15And Laban said unto Jacob, Because thou art my brother, shouldest thou therefore serve me for nought? tell me, what shall thy wages be?

16And Laban had two daughters: the name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel.

17Leah was tender eyed; but Rachel was beautiful and well favoured.

18And Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.

19And Laban said, It is better that I give her to thee, than that I should give her to another man: abide with me.

20And Jacob served seven years for Rachel; and they seemed unto him but a few days, for the love he had to her.

21And Jacob said unto Laban, Give me my wife, for my days are fulfilled, that I may go in unto her.

22And Laban gathered together all the men of the place, and made a feast.

23And it came to pass in the evening, that he took Leah his daughter, and brought her to him; and he went in unto her.

24And Laban gave unto his daughter Leah Zilpah his maid for an handmaid.

25And it came to pass, that in the morning, behold, it was Leah: and he said to Laban, What is this thou hast done unto me? did not I serve with thee for Rachel? wherefore then hast thou beguiled me?

26And Laban said, It must not be so done in our country, to give the younger before the firstborn.

27Fulfil her week, and we will give thee this also for the service which thou shalt serve with me yet seven other years.

28And Jacob did so, and fulfilled her week: and he gave him Rachel his daughter to wife also.

29And Laban gave to Rachel his daughter Bilhah his handmaid to be her maid.

30And he went in also unto Rachel, and he loved also Rachel more than Leah, and served with him yet seven other years.

31And when the LORD saw that Leah was hated, he opened her womb: but Rachel was barren.

32And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben: for she said, Surely the LORD hath looked upon my affliction; now therefore my husband will love me.

33And she conceived again, and bare a son; and said, Because the LORD hath heard that I was hated, he hath therefore given me this son also: and she called his name Simeon.

34And she conceived again, and bare a son; and said, Now this time will my husband be joined unto me, because I have born him three sons: therefore was his name called Levi.

35And she conceived again, and bare a son: and she said, Now will I praise the LORD: therefore she called his name Judah; and left bearing.

1Then Jacob went on his journey, and came to the land of the children of the east.

2And he looked, and behold, a well in the field, and, lo, three flocks of sheep lying there by it. For out of that well they watered the flocks. And the stone upon the well`s mouth was great.

3And thither were all the flocks gathered. And they rolled the stone from the well`s mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again upon the well`s mouth in its place.

4And Jacob said unto them, My brethren, whence are ye? And they said, Of Haran are we.

5And he said unto them, Know ye Laban the son of Nahor? And they said, We know him.

6And he said unto them, Is it well with him? And they said, It is well. And, behold, Rachel his daughter cometh with the sheep.

7And he said, Lo, it is yet high day, neither is it time that the cattle should be gathered together. Water ye the sheep, and go and feed them.

8And they said, We cannot, until all the flocks be gathered together, and they roll the stone from the well`s mouth. Then we water the sheep.

9While he was yet speaking with them, Rachel came with her father`s sheep. For she kept them.

10And it came to pass, when Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of Laban his mother`s brother, and the sheep of Laban his mother`s brother, that Jacob went near, and rolled the stone from the well`s mouth, and watered the flock of Laban his mother`s brother.

11And Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept.

12And Jacob told Rachel that he was her father`s brother, and that he was Rebekah`s son. And she ran and told her father.

13And it came to pass, when Laban heard the tidings of Jacob his sister`s son, that he ran to meet him, and embraced him, and kissed him, and brought him to his house. And he told Laban all these things.

14And Laban said to him, Surely thou art my bone and my flesh. And he abode with him the space of a month.

15And Laban said unto Jacob, Because thou art my brother, shouldest thou therefore serve me for nought? Tell me, what shall thy wages be?

16And Laban had two daughters. The name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel.

17And Leah`s eyes were tender. But Rachel was beautiful and well favored.

18And Jacob loved Rachel. And he said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.

19And Laban said, It is better that I give her to thee, than that I should give her to another man. Abide with me.

20And Jacob served seven years for Rachel. And they seemed unto him but a few days, for the love he had to her.

21And Jacob said unto Laban, Give me my wife, for my days are fulfilled, that I may go in unto her.

22And Laban gathered together all the men of the place, and made a feast.

23And it came to pass in the evening, that he took Leah his daughter, and brought her to him. And he went in unto her.

24And Laban gave Zilpah his handmaid unto his daughter Leah for a handmaid.

25And it came to pass in the morning that, behold, it was Leah. And he said to Laban, What is this thou hast done unto me? Did not I serve with thee for Rachel? Wherefore then hast thou beguiled me?

26And Laban said, It is not so done in our place, to give the younger before the first-born.

27Fulfil the week of this one, and we will give thee the other also for the service which thou shalt serve with me yet seven other years.

28And jacob did so, and fulfilled her week. And he gave him Rachel his daughter to wife.

29And Laban gave to Rachel his daughter Bilhah his handmaid to be her handmaid.

30And he went in also unto Rachel, and he loved also Rachel more than Leah, and served with him yet seven other years.

31And Jehovah saw that Leah was hated, and he opened her womb. But Rachel was barren.

32And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben. For she said, Because Jehovah hath looked upon my affliction. For now my husband will love me.

33And she conceived again, and bare a son: and said, Because Jehovah hath heard that I am hated, he hath therefore given me this [son] also. And she called his name Simeon.

34And she conceived again, and bare a son. And said, Now this time will my husband be joined unto me, because I have borne him three sons. Therefore was his name called Levi.

35And she conceived again, and bare a son. And she said, This time will I praise Jehovah. Therefore she called his name Judah. And she left off bearing.

1So Jacob moved on and came to the land of the eastern people.

2He saw in the field a well with three flocks of sheep lying beside it, because the flocks were watered from that well. Now a large stone covered the mouth of the well.

3When all the flocks were gathered there, the shepherds would roll the stone off the mouth of the well and water the sheep. Then they would put the stone back in its place over the well’s mouth.

4Jacob asked them, “My brothers, where are you from?” They replied, “We’re from Haran.”

5So he said to them, “Do you know Laban, the grandson of Nahor?” “We know him,” they said.

6“Is he well?” Jacob asked. They replied, “He is well. Now look, here comes his daughter Rachel with the sheep.”

7Then Jacob said, “Since it is still the middle of the day, it is not time for the flocks to be gathered. You should water the sheep and then go and let them graze some more.”

8“We can’t,” they said, “until all the flocks are gathered and the stone is rolled off the mouth of the well. Then we water the sheep.”

9While he was still speaking with them, Rachel arrived with her father’s sheep, for she was tending them.

10When Jacob saw Rachel, the daughter of his uncle Laban, and the sheep of his uncle Laban, he went over and rolled the stone off the mouth of the well and watered the sheep of his uncle Laban.

11Then Jacob kissed Rachel and began to weep loudly.

12When Jacob explained to Rachel that he was a relative of her father and the son of Rebekah, she ran and told her father.

13When Laban heard this news about Jacob, his sister’s son, he rushed out to meet him. He embraced him and kissed him and brought him to his house. Jacob told Laban how he was related to him.

14Then Laban said to him, “You are indeed my own flesh and blood.” So Jacob stayed with him for a month.

15Then Laban said to Jacob, “Should you work for me for nothing because you are my relative? Tell me what your wages should be.”

16(Now Laban had two daughters; the older one was named Leah, and the younger one Rachel.

17Leah’s eyes were tender, but Rachel had a lovely figure and beautiful appearance.)

18Since Jacob had fallen in love with Rachel, he said, “I’ll serve you seven years in exchange for your younger daughter Rachel.”

19Laban replied, “I’d rather give her to you than to another man. Stay with me.”

20So Jacob worked for seven years to acquire Rachel. But they seemed like only a few days to him because his love for her was so great.

21Finally Jacob said to Laban, “Give me my wife, for my time of service is up. And I want to sleep with her.”

22So Laban invited all the people of that place and prepared a feast.

23In the evening he brought his daughter Leah to Jacob, and he slept with her.

24(Laban gave his female servant Zilpah to his daughter Leah to be her servant.)

25In the morning Jacob discovered it was Leah! So Jacob said to Laban, “What in the world have you done to me? Didn’t I work for you in exchange for Rachel? Why have you tricked me?”

26“It is not our custom here,” Laban replied, “to give the younger daughter in marriage before the firstborn.

27Complete my older daughter’s bridal week. Then we will give you the younger one too, in exchange for seven more years of work.”

28Jacob did as Laban said. When Jacob completed Leah’s bridal week, Laban gave him his daughter Rachel to be his wife.

29(Laban gave his female servant Bilhah to his daughter Rachel to be her servant.)

30Jacob slept with Rachel as well. He also loved Rachel more than Leah. Then he worked for Laban for seven more years.

31When the Lord saw that Leah was unloved, he enabled her to become pregnant while Rachel remained childless.

32So Leah became pregnant and gave birth to a son. She named him Reuben, for she said, “The Lord has looked with pity on my oppressed condition. Surely my husband will love me now.”

33She became pregnant again and had another son. She said, “Because the Lord heard that I was unloved, he gave me this one too.” So she named him Simeon.

34She became pregnant again and had another son. She said, “Now this time my husband will show me affection, because I have given birth to three sons for him.” That is why he was named Levi.

35She became pregnant again and had another son. She said, “This time I will praise the Lord.” That is why she named him Judah. Then she stopped having children.

1Then Jacob went on his journey, and came to the land of the children of the east.

2He looked, and behold, a well in the field, and, behold, three flocks of sheep lying there by it. For out of that well they watered the flocks. The stone on the well’s mouth was large.

3There all the flocks were gathered. They rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again on the well’s mouth in its place.

4Jacob said to them, “My relatives, where are you from?” They said, “We are from Haran.”

5He said to them, “Do you know Laban, the son of Nahor?” They said, “We know him.”

6He said to them, “Is it well with him?” They said, “It is well. See, Rachel, his daughter, is coming with the sheep.”

7He said, “Behold, it is still the middle of the day, not time to gather the livestock together. Water the sheep, and go and feed them.”

8They said, “We can’t, until all the flocks are gathered together, and they roll the stone from the well’s mouth. Then we water the sheep.”

9While he was yet speaking with them, Rachel came with her father’s sheep, for she kept them.

10When Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of Laban, his mother’s brother, and the sheep of Laban, his mother’s brother, Jacob went near, and rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the flock of Laban his mother’s brother.

11Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept.

12Jacob told Rachel that he was her father’s brother, and that he was Rebekah’s son. She ran and told her father.

13When Laban heard the news of Jacob, his sister’s son, he ran to meet Jacob, and embraced him, and kissed him, and brought him to his house. Jacob told Laban all these things.

14Laban said to him, “Surely you are my bone and my flesh.” He stayed with him for a month.

15Laban said to Jacob, “Because you are my brother, should you therefore serve me for nothing? Tell me, what will your wages be?”

16Laban had two daughters. The name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel.

17Leah’s eyes were weak, but Rachel was beautiful in form and attractive.

18Jacob loved Rachel. He said, “I will serve you seven years for Rachel, your younger daughter.”

19Laban said, “It is better that I give her to you, than that I should give her to another man. Stay with me.”

20Jacob served seven years for Rachel. They seemed to him but a few days, for the love he had for her.

21Jacob said to Laban, “Give me my wife, for my days are fulfilled, that I may go in to her.”

22Laban gathered together all the men of the place, and made a feast.

23In the evening, he took Leah his daughter, and brought her to him. He went in to her.

24Laban gave Zilpah his servant to his daughter Leah for a servant.

25In the morning, behold, it was Leah! He said to Laban, “What is this you have done to me? Didn’t I serve with you for Rachel? Why then have you deceived me?”

26Laban said, “It is not done so in our place, to give the younger before the firstborn.

27Fulfill the week of this one, and we will give you the other also for the service which you will serve with me yet seven other years.”

28Jacob did so, and fulfilled her week. He gave him Rachel his daughter as wife.

29Laban gave to Rachel his daughter Bilhah, his servant, to be her servant.

30He went in also to Rachel, and he loved also Rachel more than Leah, and served with him yet seven other years.

31Yahweh saw that Leah was hated, and he opened her womb, but Rachel was barren.

32Leah conceived, and bore a son, and she named him Reuben. For she said, “Because Yahweh has looked at my affliction; for now my husband will love me.”

33She conceived again, and bore a son, and said, “Because Yahweh has heard that I am hated, he has therefore given me this son also.” She named him Simeon.

34She conceived again, and bore a son. Said, “Now this time will my husband be joined to me, because I have borne him three sons.” Therefore his name was called Levi.

35She conceived again, and bore a son. She said, “This time will I praise Yahweh.” Therefore she named him Judah. Then she stopped bearing.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

Jacob arrives in Haran and meets Rachel at a well, where he waters her flock and is warmly welcomed by her father Laban (vv. 1-14). Jacob agrees to work seven years for Rachel's hand, but Laban deceives him by substituting Leah on the wedding night, requiring Jacob to work a second seven years to also marry Rachel (vv. 15-30). Seeing that Leah is unloved, God opens her womb, and she bears four sons — Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah — while Rachel remains childless (vv. 31-35).

Authorship & Background

Author: Moses (see Chapter 1 notes for full authorship details).
Historical Context: Chapter 29 records Jacob's arrival in Haran, his meeting with Rachel, and the beginning of his 20-year sojourn with Laban. The deceiver is now deceived — Jacob who tricked his father with a disguise is tricked by Laban with a veiled bride. The poetic justice is unmistakable: "the supplanter is supplanted." Yet God is at work even in this dysfunctional family, building the twelve tribes of Israel through Leah and Rachel.
Classification: Historical Narrative
Key Themes: the deceiver who tricked his own father with a disguise now tricked himself by a veiled bride under cover of darkness, Laban's excuse that the younger is never given before the firstborn landing as an unmistakable echo of what Jacob did to Esau, fourteen years of service that felt to Jacob like only a few days because of his love for Rachel, an unloved wife whose womb God opens while her sister's remains closed, and Judah, the future tribe of David and of Christ, born specifically to the wife who was never the one Jacob wanted
Jacob Meets Rachel (vv.1-14): Jacob arrives at a well near Haran (vv.1-3). He learns Rachel is coming (vv.6). He single-handedly rolls the stone and waters her flock (v.10). He kisses her and weeps (v.11). Laban welcomes him (vv.13-14).
Jacob's Service and Laban's Deception (vv.15-30): Jacob offers to serve seven years for Rachel (v.18). "They seemed unto him but a few days, for the love he had to her" (v.20). On the wedding night, Laban substitutes Leah (v.23). Morning reveals the deception: "behold, it was Leah" (v.25). Laban's excuse: "It must not be so done in our country, to give the younger before the firstborn" (v.26) — an ironic rebuke to Jacob who took the firstborn's blessing. Jacob serves seven more years for Rachel (vv.27-30).
Leah's Children (vv.31-35): God sees Leah is "hated" (unloved) and opens her womb (v.31). Rachel is barren. Four sons born to Leah: Reuben ("see, a son" — "the LORD hath looked upon my affliction"), Simeon ("hearing" — "the LORD hath heard"), Levi ("joined" — "now will my husband be joined unto me"), Judah ("praise" — "now will I praise the LORD"). Judah — the tribe of David and Christ — born to the unloved wife.

Map & Geography

  • Haran / Paddan-aram — Jacob arrives in the "land of the people of the east" (v.1), northwest Mesopotamia (modern southeastern Turkey/northern Syria).
  • The well where Jacob meets Rachel (v.2) — a communal water source typical of pastoral communities in this semi-arid region. Wells were social gathering points and vital to the economy.

Places on this map

  • HarranHarran, TurkeyA caravan town on the Balikh, a tributary of the Euphrates in northern Mesopotamia. Abraham's family stopped here on the way from Ur, and it stayed the family's home ground: Isaac's and Jacob's wives were both fetched from it. Wikipedia
  • MesopotamiaIraq and eastern SyriaThe land between the Tigris and Euphrates, flat, hot and farmable only by irrigation, which forced early cities into large-scale cooperation. Abraham came from its southern end and Israel's exiles were taken to its middle. Wikipedia
  • AramSyriaThe Syrian interior north-east of Israel, a set of city-states rather than one kingdom, with Damascus the strongest. Aramaic, its language, became the everyday speech of the whole region including Judea. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers the well meeting, the deception, poetic justice, and God's care for Leah.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Genesis 29-31 | Jacob and Laban | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Jacob, Leah, Rachel & Children – Genesis 29
David Guzik

Articles

  • BibleProject: bibleproject.com On the whole book: how its opening chapters work as literature and how they set up everything that follows.
  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Genesis -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Love That Makes Labor Light (v.20) — Jacob's seven years of service for Rachel feel like only a few days because of how much he loves her. Does your love for God make serving Him feel like a joy rather than a burden, or does it still feel like a chore?
  • Reaping What You Sowed (v.25) — Jacob, who once deceived his own father with a disguise, wakes up to discover Laban has deceived him with a veiled bride. Where might choices from your own past be catching up with you now, and how are you handling that?
  • God's Tenderness Toward the Unloved (v.31) — When God sees that Leah is unloved by her husband, He responds by opening her womb, giving her something Rachel doesn't have. If you feel overlooked or like someone's second choice, does it help to know God takes special notice of exactly that kind of pain?
  • Seeking Validation, Then Finding God (v.32) — Leah names her first son hoping it will win her husband's love, revealing where she was initially looking for worth. Where are you still looking to a person's approval for the validation only God can ultimately give?
  • Praise Instead of a Search for Approval (v.35) — By her fourth son, Leah shifts from naming him for what she hopes to gain from her husband to simply praising the LORD. Have you made that same shift from seeking human validation to being satisfied in God alone?