Genesis — Chapter 12

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1Now the LORD had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father’s house, unto a land that I will shew thee:

2And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and thou shalt be a blessing:

3And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed.

4So Abram departed, as the LORD had spoken unto him; and Lot went with him: and Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed out of Haran.

5And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother’s son, and all their substance that they had gathered, and the souls that they had gotten in Haran; and they went forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of Canaan they came.

6And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land.

7And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.

8And he removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD.

9And Abram journeyed, going on still toward the south.

10And there was a famine in the land: and Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there; for the famine was grievous in the land.

11And it came to pass, when he was come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife, Behold now, I know that thou art a fair woman to look upon:

12Therefore it shall come to pass, when the Egyptians shall see thee, that they shall say, This is his wife: and they will kill me, but they will save thee alive.

13Say, I pray thee, thou art my sister: that it may be well with me for thy sake; and my soul shall live because of thee.

14And it came to pass, that, when Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman that she was very fair.

15The princes also of Pharaoh saw her, and commended her before Pharaoh: and the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s house.

16And he entreated Abram well for her sake: and he had sheep, and oxen, and he asses, and menservants, and maidservants, and she asses, and camels.

17And the LORD plagued Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai Abram’s wife.

18And Pharaoh called Abram, and said, What is this that thou hast done unto me? why didst thou not tell me that she was thy wife?

19Why saidst thou, She is my sister? so I might have taken her to me to wife: now therefore behold thy wife, take her, and go thy way.

20And Pharaoh commanded his men concerning him: and they sent him away, and his wife, and all that he had.

1Now Jehovah said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father`s house, unto the land that I will show thee:

2and I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make they name great; and be thou a blessing;

3and I will bless them that bless thee, and him that curseth thee will I curse: and in thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed.

4So Abram went, as Jehovah had spoken unto him; and Lot went with him: and Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed out of Haran.

5And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother`s son, and all their substance that they had gathered, and the souls that they had gotten in Haran; and they went forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of Canaan they came.

6And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Shechem, unto the oak of Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land.

7And Jehovah appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto Jehovah, who appeared unto him.

8And he removed from thence unto the mountain on the east of Beth-el, and pitched his tent, having Beth-el on the west, and Ai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto Jehovah, and called upon the name of Jehovah.

9And Abram journeyed, going on still toward the South.

10And there was a famine in the land: and Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there; for the famine was sore in the land.

11And it came to pass, when he was come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife, Behold now, I know that thou art a fair woman to look upon:

12and it will come to pass, when the Egyptians shall see thee, that they will say, This is his wife: and they will kill me, but they will save thee alive.

13Say, I pray thee, thou art my sister; that it may be well with me for thy sake, and that my soul may live because of thee.

14And it came to pass, that, when Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman that she was very fair.

15And the princes of Pharaoh saw her, and praised her to Pharaoh: and the woman was taken into Pharaoh`s house.

16And he dealt well with Abram for her sake: and he had sheep, and oxen, and he-asses, and men-servants, and maid-servants, and she-asses, and camels.

17And Jehovah plagued Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai, Abram`s wife.

18And Pharaoh called Abram, and said, What is this that thou hast done unto me? why didst thou not tell me that she was thy wife?

19why saidst thou, She is my sister, so that I took her to be my wife? now therefore behold thy wife, take her, and go thy way.

20And Pharaoh gave men charge concerning him: and they brought him on the way, and his wife, and all that he had.

1Now the Lord said to Abram, “Go out from your country, your relatives, and your father’s household to the land that I will show you.

2Then I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you, and I will make your name great, so that you will exemplify divine blessing.

3I will bless those who bless you, but the one who treats you lightly I must curse, so that all the families of the earth may receive blessing through you.”

4So Abram left, just as the Lord had told him to do, and Lot went with him. (Now Abram was 75 years old when he departed from Haran.)

5And Abram took his wife Sarai, his nephew Lot, and all the possessions they had accumulated and the people they had acquired in Haran, and they left for the land of Canaan. They entered the land of Canaan.

6Abram traveled through the land as far as the oak tree of Moreh at Shechem. (At that time the Canaanites were in the land.)

7The Lord appeared to Abram and said, “To your descendants I will give this land.” So Abram built an altar there to the Lord, who had appeared to him.

8Then he moved from there to the hill country east of Bethel and pitched his tent, with Bethel on the west and Ai on the east. There he built an altar to the Lord and worshiped the Lord.

9Abram continually journeyed by stages down to the Negev.

10There was a famine in the land, so Abram went down to Egypt to stay for a while because the famine was severe.

11As he approached Egypt, he said to his wife Sarai, “Look, I know that you are a beautiful woman.

12When the Egyptians see you they will say, ‘This is his wife.’ Then they will kill me but will keep you alive.

13So tell them you are my sister so that it may go well for me because of you and my life will be spared on account of you.”

14When Abram entered Egypt, the Egyptians saw that the woman was very beautiful.

15When Pharaoh’s officials saw her, they praised her to Pharaoh. So Abram’s wife was taken into the household of Pharaoh,

16and he did treat Abram well on account of her. Abram received sheep and cattle, male donkeys, male servants, female servants, female donkeys, and camels.

17But the Lord struck Pharaoh and his household with severe diseases because of Sarai, Abram’s wife.

18So Pharaoh summoned Abram and said, “What is this you have done to me? Why didn’t you tell me that she was your wife?

19Why did you say, ‘She is my sister,’ so that I took her to be my wife? Now, here is your wife. Take her and go!”

20Pharaoh gave his men orders about Abram, and so they expelled him, along with his wife and all his possessions.

1Now Yahweh said to Abram, “Leave your country, and your relatives, and your father’s house, and go to the land that I will show you.

2I will make of you a great nation. I will bless you and make your name great. You will be a blessing.

3I will bless those who bless you, and I will curse him who treates you with contempt. All the families of the earth will be blessed through you.”

4So Abram went, as Yahweh had told him. Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he departed from Haran.

5Abram took Sarai his wife, Lot his brother’s son, all their possessions that they had gathered, and the people whom they had acquired in Haran, and they went to go into the land of Canaan. They entered into the land of Canaan.

6Abram passed through the land to the place of Shechem, to the oak of Moreh. At that time, Canaanites were in the land.

7Yahweh appeared to Abram and said, “I will give this land to your offspring.” He built an altar there to Yahweh, who had appeared to him.

8He left from there to go to the mountain on the east of Bethel and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Ai on the east. There he built an altar to Yahweh and called on Yahweh’s name.

9Abram traveled, still going on toward the South.

10There was a famine in the land. Abram went down into Egypt to live as a foreigner there, for the famine was severe in the land.

11When he had come near to enter Egypt, he said to Sarai his wife, “See now, I know that you are a beautiful woman to look at.

12It will happen, when the Egyptians see you, that they will say, ‘This is his wife.’ They will kill me, but they will save you alive.

13Please say that you are my sister, that it may be well with me for your sake, and that my soul may live because of you.”

14When Abram had come into Egypt, Egyptians saw that the woman was very beautiful.

15The princes of Pharaoh saw her, and praised her to Pharaoh; and the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s house.

16He dealt well with Abram for her sake. He had sheep, cattle, male donkeys, male servants, female servants, female donkeys, and camels.

17Yahweh afflicted Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai, Abram’s wife.

18Pharaoh called Abram and said, “What is this that you have done to me? Why didn’t you tell me that she was your wife?

19Why did you say, ‘She is my sister,’ so that I took her to be my wife? Now therefore, see your wife, take her, and go your way.”

20Pharaoh commanded men concerning him, and they escorted him away with his wife and all that he had.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Reflection

Summary

God calls Abram to leave everything for an unknown land, promising to make him a great nation and bless all families through him.

Authorship & Background

Author: Moses (see Chapter 1 notes for full authorship details).
Historical Context: Chapter 12 is one of the most pivotal chapters in the Bible — the call of Abram and the Abrahamic Covenant. After 11 chapters of universal history (creation, fall, flood, Babel), God now narrows His focus to one man from whom He will build a nation, and through that nation bless ALL nations. This is the beginning of redemptive history proper — God's plan to reverse the curse of Genesis 3 through a chosen people. Abram is called from Ur/Haran (pagan Mesopotamia) to Canaan (the Promised Land) around 2091 BC.
The Call and Promise (vv.1-3): God commands Abram to leave everything — country, kindred, father's house (v.1). Seven promises: (1) I will make of thee a great nation, (2) I will bless thee, (3) make thy name great, (4) thou shalt be a blessing, (5) I will bless them that bless thee, (6) curse him that curseth thee, (7) in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed (vv.2-3).
Abram's Obedience (vv.4-9): "So Abram departed, as the LORD had spoken" (v.4). Age 75. He takes Sarai, Lot, and possessions to Canaan (vv.4-5). At Shechem, God appears: "Unto thy seed will I give this land" (v.7). Abram builds altars at Shechem and Bethel (vv.7-8).
Abram's Failure in Egypt (vv.10-20): Famine drives Abram to Egypt (v.10). He lies about Sarai — "Say... thou art my sister" (v.13). Pharaoh takes Sarai; God plagues Pharaoh (vv.15-17). Pharaoh rebukes Abram and sends him away (vv.18-20). Even the father of faith stumbles — but God protects His promise.

Map & Geography

  • Abram's route: Ur → HaranShechemBethel → Negev → Egypt. This traces the entire Fertile Crescent and into North Africa.
  • Shechem (v.6) — the first named place in Canaan where God appears to Abram. Located in the central hill country between Mount Ebal and Gerizim.
  • Bethel (v.8) — meaning "house of God," between Bethel and Ai in the central highlands. A recurring worship site throughout Genesis.
  • Egypt (v.10) — Abram goes south due to famine; Egypt's Nile-fed agriculture made it a refuge during Canaanite droughts.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers the call, the sevenfold promise, Abram's obedience, and the Egypt failure.
  • Charles Spurgeon: Sermon: "The Call of Abraham" on vv.1-3 (MTP Vol. 14, No. 833) "Get thee OUT — leave. From thy country — the familiar. From thy kindred — the comfortable. From thy father's house — the secure. Unto a land that I WILL SHEW thee — not 'that I have shown' but 'will show.' He must leave before he sees. He must obey before he understands. This is faith: obeying God's command before seeing God's destination. And the promise: I WILL bless, I WILL make great, ALL families blessed. God's 'I will' is enough." Sermon: "In Thee Shall All Families Be Blessed" on v.3 (MTP Vol. 20) "ALL families of the earth — not just Israel, not just the Middle East — all. This is the gospel in Genesis: through one man's seed (Christ), every nation will have access to blessing. The Abrahamic covenant is the foundation of world missions."

Reflection

  • 1. "Get thee out... unto a land that I will shew thee" (v.1). God called Abram to leave before showing the destination. Has God ever called you to step out without knowing where you're going? Faith means obeying before seeing.
  • 2. "In thee shall all families of the earth be blessed" (v.3). You are part of this promise's fulfillment. Are you a blessing to the nations? How are you participating in God's plan to bless all peoples?
  • 3. "So Abram departed, as the LORD had spoken" (v.4). Simple, immediate obedience. When God speaks, do you depart? Or do you negotiate, delay, and make excuses?
  • 4. Abram built altars wherever he went (vv.7-8). He marked his journey with worship. Do you mark your life with worship — in every new place, every new season?
  • 5. Abram's Egypt failure (vv.10-20) shows that even great faith has weak moments. Fear displaced trust. Where does fear cause you to compromise your integrity? God protected His promise despite Abram's failure — He'll protect His purposes in your life too.