Genesis — Chapter 22
Loading ESV text...
1Some time later God tested Abraham and said to him, “Abraham!” “Here I am,” he answered.
2“Take your son,” God said, “your only son Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah. Offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains, which I will show you.”
3So Abraham got up early the next morning, saddled his donkey, and took along two of his servants and his son Isaac. He split the wood for a burnt offering and set out for the place God had designated.
4On the third day Abraham looked up and saw the place in the distance.
5“Stay here with the donkey,” Abraham told his servants. “The boy and I will go over there to worship, and then we will return to you.”
6Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and placed it on his son Isaac. He himself carried the fire and the sacrificial knife, and the two of them walked on together.
7Then Isaac said to his father Abraham, “My father!” “Here I am, my son,” he replied. “The fire and the wood are here,” said Isaac, “but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?”
8Abraham answered, “God Himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering, my son.” And the two walked on together.
9When they arrived at the place God had designated, Abraham built the altar there and arranged the wood. He bound his son Isaac and placed him on the altar, atop the wood.
10Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son.
11Just then the angel of the LORD called out to him from heaven, “Abraham, Abraham!” “Here I am,” he replied.
12“Do not lay a hand on the boy or do anything to him,” said the angel, “for now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your only son from me.”
13Then Abraham looked up and saw behind him a ram in a thicket, caught by its horns. So he went and took the ram and offered it as a burnt offering in place of his son.
14And Abraham called that place The LORD Will Provide. So to this day it is said, “On the mountain of the LORD it will be provided.”
15And the angel of the LORD called to Abraham from heaven a second time,
16saying, “By Myself I have sworn, declares the LORD, that because you have done this and have not withheld your only son,
17I will surely bless you, and I will multiply your descendants like the stars in the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will possess the gates of their enemies.
18And through your offspring all nations of the earth will be blessed, because you have obeyed My voice.”
19Abraham went back to his servants, and they got up and set out together for Beersheba. And Abraham settled in Beersheba.
20Some time later, Abraham was told, “Milcah has also borne sons to your brother Nahor:
21Uz the firstborn, his brother Buz, Kemuel (the father of Aram),
22Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel.”
23And Bethuel became the father of Rebekah. Milcah bore these eight sons to Abraham’s brother Nahor.
24Moreover, Nahor’s concubine, whose name was Reumah, bore Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.
1And it came to pass after these things, that God did tempt Abraham, and said unto him, Abraham: and he said, Behold, here I am.
2And he said, Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of.
3And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son, and clave the wood for the burnt offering, and rose up, and went unto the place of which God had told him.
4Then on the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off.
5And Abraham said unto his young men, Abide ye here with the ass; and I and the lad will go yonder and worship, and come again to you,
6And Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering, and laid it upon Isaac his son; and he took the fire in his hand, and a knife; and they went both of them together.
7And Isaac spake unto Abraham his father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I, my son. And he said, Behold the fire and the wood: but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?
8And Abraham said, My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering: so they went both of them together.
9And they came to the place which God had told him of; and Abraham built an altar there, and laid the wood in order, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar upon the wood.
10And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son.
11And the angel of the LORD called unto him out of heaven, and said, Abraham, Abraham: and he said, Here am I.
12And he said, Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou any thing unto him: for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from me.
13And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in a thicket by his horns: and Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt offering in the stead of his son.
14And Abraham called the name of that place Jehovah-jireh: as it is said to this day, In the mount of the LORD it shall be seen.
15And the angel of the LORD called unto Abraham out of heaven the second time,
16And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the LORD, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son:
17That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies;
18And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.
19So Abraham returned unto his young men, and they rose up and went together to Beer-sheba; and Abraham dwelt at Beer-sheba.
20And it came to pass after these things, that it was told Abraham, saying, Behold, Milcah, she hath also born children unto thy brother Nahor;
21Huz his firstborn, and Buz his brother, and Kemuel the father of Aram,
22And Chesed, and Hazo, and Pildash, and Jidlaph, and Bethuel.
23And Bethuel begat Rebekah: these eight Milcah did bear to Nahor, Abraham’s brother.
24And his concubine, whose name was Reumah, she bare also Tebah, and Gaham, and Thahash, and Maachah.
1And it came to pass after these things, that God did prove Abraham, and said unto him, Abraham. And he said, Here am I.
2And he said, Take now thy son, thine only son, whom thou lovest, even Isaac, and get thee into the land of Moriah. And offer him there for a burnt-offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of.
3And Abraham rose early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son. And he clave the wood for the burnt-offering, and rose up, and went unto the place of which God had told him.
4On the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off.
5And Abraham said unto his young men, Abide ye here with the ass, and I and the lad will go yonder; and we will worship, and come again to you.
6And Abraham took the wood of the burnt-offering, and laid it upon Isaac his son. And he took in his hand the fire and the knife. And they went both of them together.
7And Isaac spake unto Abraham his father, and said, My father. And he said, Here am I, my son. And he said, Behold, the fire and the wood. But where is the lamb for a burnt-offering?
8And Abraham said, God will provide himself the lamb for a burnt-offering, my son. So they went both of them together.
9And they came to the place which God had told him of. And Abraham built the altar there, and laid the wood in order, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar, upon the wood.
10And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son.
11And the angel of Jehovah called unto him out of heaven, and said, Abraham, Abraham. And he said, Here I am.
12And he said, Lay not thy hand upon the lad, neither do thou anything unto him. For now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son, from me.
13And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold, behind [him] a ram caught in the thicket by his horns. And Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt-offering in the stead of his son.
14And Abraham called the name of that place Jehovah-jireh. As it is said to this day, In the mount of Jehovah it shall be provided.
15And the angel of Jehovah called unto Abraham a second time out of heaven,
16and said, By myself have I sworn, saith Jehovah, because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son,
17that in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heavens, and as the sand which is upon the seashore. And thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies.
18And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed. Because thou hast obeyed my voice.
19So Abraham returned unto his young men, and they rose up and went together to Beer-sheba. And Abraham dwelt at Beer-sheba.
20And it came to pass after these things, that it was told Abraham, saying, Behold, Milcah, she also hath borne children unto they brother Nahor.
21Uz his first-born, and Buz his brother, and Kemuel the father of Aram.
22And Chesed, and Hazo, and Pildash, and Jidlaph, and Bethuel.
23And Bethuel begat Rebekah. These eight did Milcah bear to Nahor, Abraham`s brother.
24And his concubine, whose name was Reumah, she also bare Tebah, and Gaham, and Tahash, and Maacah.
1Some time after these things God tested Abraham. He said to him, “Abraham!” “Here I am!” Abraham replied.
2God said, “Take your son—your only son, whom you love, Isaac—and go to the land of Moriah! Offer him up there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains which I will indicate to you.”
3Early in the morning Abraham got up and saddled his donkey. He took two of his young servants with him, along with his son Isaac. When he had cut the wood for the burnt offering, he started out for the place God had spoken to him about.
4On the third day Abraham caught sight of the place in the distance.
5So he said to his servants, “You two stay here with the donkey while the boy and I go up there. We will worship and then return to you.”
6Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and put it on his son Isaac. Then he took the fire and the knife in his hand, and the two of them walked on together.
7Isaac said to his father Abraham, “My father?” “What is it, my son?” he replied. “Here is the fire and the wood,” Isaac said, “but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?”
8“God will provide for himself the lamb for the burnt offering, my son,” Abraham replied. The two of them continued on together.
9When they came to the place God had told him about, Abraham built the altar there and arranged the wood on it. Next he tied up his son Isaac and placed him on the altar on top of the wood.
10Then Abraham reached out his hand, took the knife, and prepared to slaughter his son.
11But the angel of the Lord called to him from heaven, “Abraham! Abraham!” “Here I am!” he answered.
12“Do not harm the boy!” the angel said. “Do not do anything to him, for now I know that you fear God because you did not withhold your son, your only son, from me.”
13Abraham looked up and saw behind him a ram caught in the bushes by its horns. So he went over and got the ram and offered it up as a burnt offering instead of his son.
14And Abraham called the name of that place “The Lord provides.” It is said to this day, “In the mountain of the Lord provision will be made.”
15The angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time from heaven
16and said, “I solemnly swear by my own name, decrees the Lord, that because you have done this and have not withheld your son, your only son,
17I will indeed bless you, and I will greatly multiply your descendants so that they will be as countless as the stars in the sky or the grains of sand on the seashore. Your descendants will take possession of the strongholds of their enemies.
18Because you have obeyed me, all the nations of the earth will pronounce blessings on one another using the name of your descendants.”
19Then Abraham returned to his servants, and they set out together for Beer Sheba where Abraham stayed.
20After these things Abraham was told, “Milcah also has borne children to your brother Nahor—
21Uz the firstborn, his brother Buz, Kemuel (the father of Aram),
22Kesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel.”
23(Now Bethuel became the father of Rebekah.) These were the eight sons Milcah bore to Abraham’s brother Nahor.
24His concubine, whose name was Reumah, also bore him children—Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.
1After these things, God tested Abraham, and said to him, “Abraham!” He said, “Here I am.”
2He said, “Now take your son, your only son, whom you love, even Isaac, and go into the land of Moriah. Offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains which I will tell you of.”
3Abraham rose early in the morning, and saddled his donkey, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son. He split the wood for the burnt offering, and rose up, and went to the place of which God had told him.
4On the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place far off.
5Abraham said to his young men, “Stay here with the donkey. The boy and I will go yonder. We will worship, and come back to you.”
6Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering and laid it on Isaac his son. He took in his hand the fire and the knife. They both went together.
7Isaac spoke to Abraham his father, and said, “My father?” He said, “Here I am, my son.” He said, “Here is the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?”
8Abraham said, “God will provide himself the lamb for a burnt offering, my son.” So they both went together.
9They came to the place which God had told him of. Abraham built the altar there, and laid the wood in order, bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar, on the wood.
10Abraham stretched out his hand, and took the knife to kill his son.
11Yahweh’s angel called to him out of the sky, and said, “Abraham, Abraham!” He said, “Here I am.”
12He said, “Don’t lay your hand on the boy or do anything to him. For now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your only son, from me.”
13Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and saw that behind him was a ram caught in the thicket by his horns. Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt offering instead of his son.
14Abraham called the name of that place Yahweh Will Provide. As it is said to this day, “On Yahweh’s mountain, it will be provided.”
15Yahweh’s angel called to Abraham a second time out of the sky,
16and said, “I have sworn by myself, says Yahweh, because you have done this thing, and have not withheld your son, your only son,
17that I will bless you greatly, and I will multiply your offspring greatly like the stars of the heavens, and like the sand which is on the seashore. Your offspring will possess the gate of his enemies.
18All the nations of the earth will be blessed by your offspring, because you have obeyed my voice.”
19So Abraham returned to his young men, and they rose up and went together to Beersheba. Abraham lived at Beersheba.
20After these things, Abraham was told, “Behold, Milcah, she also has borne children to your brother Nahor:
21Uz his firstborn, Buz his brother, Kemuel the father of Aram,
22Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel.”
23Bethuel became the father of Rebekah. These eight Milcah bore to Nahor, Abraham’s brother.
24His concubine, whose name was Reumah, also bore Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.
Summary
God tests Abraham by commanding him to sacrifice his son Isaac on a mountain in the region of Moriah (vv. 1-2). Abraham obeys without protest, and when Isaac asks about the sacrificial lamb, Abraham answers that God will provide one (vv. 3-8). Just as Abraham raises the knife over his bound son, an angel of the LORD stops him, and a ram caught in a thicket is offered in Isaac's place (vv. 9-14). Because of Abraham's obedience, the angel reaffirms God's covenant promises of abundant offspring and blessing to all nations (vv. 15-19). The chapter closes with a brief genealogy of Abraham's brother Nahor, noting the birth of Rebekah, Isaac's future wife (vv. 20-24).
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
- Mount Moriah (v.2) — identified with the Temple Mount in Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 3:1). The place where Abraham nearly sacrificed Isaac is where Solomon later built the Temple — and near where Christ was crucified.
- "In the mount of the LORD it shall be seen" (v.14) — naming the site prophetically. The three-day journey from Beer-sheba to Moriah is approximately 50 miles north.
Places on this map
- Temple MountJerusalemThe flattened summit at the north end of Jerusalem's eastern ridge, identified with the threshing floor David bought from Araunah. Herod extended it into the largest artificial platform in the ancient world, and its retaining walls still stand. Wikipedia
- JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
- BeershebaBeersheba, IsraelA well at the top of the Negev, the last settled place before the desert, which is why from Dan to Beersheba means the whole land. Abraham, Isaac and Jacob all camped here. Wikipedia
Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.
Commentary
- Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers the test, the obedience, the gospel typology, the substitute ram, Jehovah-jireh, and the covenant oath.
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
- Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.
Videos
Articles
- BibleProject: bibleproject.com On the whole book: how its opening chapters work as literature and how they set up everything that follows.
- GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Genesis -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.
Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.
Reflection
- Surrendering What You Love Most (v.2) — God asks Abraham to offer up Isaac, naming him specifically as his son, his only son, the one he loves. What is the "Isaac" in your life — the thing or person most precious to you — that God may be asking you to hold with an open hand?
- Obedience Without Delay (v.3) — Abraham rises early the next morning and sets out toward Moriah without negotiating or stalling, even facing the hardest command he's ever received. When God asks something difficult of you, do you obey right away or look for reasons to put it off?
- Trusting God to Provide (v.8) — When Isaac asks where the lamb is, Abraham answers in faith that God Himself will provide one, not yet knowing how true that would be. Do you trust God's provision even when you can't yet see the way He'll come through?
- A Substitute in Your Place (v.13) — At the last moment, a ram caught in a thicket dies in Isaac's place, foreshadowing Christ dying in ours. Have you personally received the substitution God offers you through Jesus?
- The Lord Who Provides (v.14) — Abraham names the place "the LORD will provide," marking the mountain forever as a testimony to God's provision at the point of greatest need. What situation in your life right now needs you to remember that God provides at the moment of crisis, not before?