Genesis — Chapter 37

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1And Jacob dwelt in the land wherein his father was a stranger, in the land of Canaan.

2These are the generations of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren; and the lad was with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father’s wives: and Joseph brought unto his father their evil report.

3Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age: and he made him a coat of many colours.

4And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him.

5And Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it his brethren: and they hated him yet the more.

6And he said unto them, Hear, I pray you, this dream which I have dreamed:

7For, behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and, lo, my sheaf arose, and also stood upright; and, behold, your sheaves stood round about, and made obeisance to my sheaf.

8And his brethren said to him, Shalt thou indeed reign over us? or shalt thou indeed have dominion over us? And they hated him yet the more for his dreams, and for his words.

9And he dreamed yet another dream, and told it his brethren, and said, Behold, I have dreamed a dream more; and, behold, the sun and the moon and the eleven stars made obeisance to me.

10And he told it to his father, and to his brethren: and his father rebuked him, and said unto him, What is this dream that thou hast dreamed? Shall I and thy mother and thy brethren indeed come to bow down ourselves to thee to the earth?

11And his brethren envied him; but his father observed the saying.

12And his brethren went to feed their father’s flock in Shechem.

13And Israel said unto Joseph, Do not thy brethren feed the flock in Shechem? come, and I will send thee unto them. And he said to him, Here am I.

14And he said to him, Go, I pray thee, see whether it be well with thy brethren, and well with the flocks; and bring me word again. So he sent him out of the vale of Hebron, and he came to Shechem.

15And a certain man found him, and, behold, he was wandering in the field: and the man asked him, saying, What seekest thou?

16And he said, I seek my brethren: tell me, I pray thee, where they feed their flocks.

17And the man said, They are departed hence; for I heard them say, Let us go to Dothan. And Joseph went after his brethren, and found them in Dothan.

18And when they saw him afar off, even before he came near unto them, they conspired against him to slay him.

19And they said one to another, Behold, this dreamer cometh.

20Come now therefore, and let us slay him, and cast him into some pit, and we will say, Some evil beast hath devoured him: and we shall see what will become of his dreams.

21And Reuben heard it, and he delivered him out of their hands; and said, Let us not kill him.

22And Reuben said unto them, Shed no blood, but cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, and lay no hand upon him; that he might rid him out of their hands, to deliver him to his father again.

23And it came to pass, when Joseph was come unto his brethren, that they stript Joseph out of his coat, his coat of many colours that was on him;

24And they took him, and cast him into a pit: and the pit was empty, there was no water in it.

25And they sat down to eat bread: and they lifted up their eyes and looked, and, behold, a company of Ishmeelites came from Gilead with their camels bearing spicery and balm and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt.

26And Judah said unto his brethren, What profit is it if we slay our brother, and conceal his blood?

27Come, and let us sell him to the Ishmeelites, and let not our hand be upon him; for he is our brother and our flesh. And his brethren were content.

28Then there passed by Midianites merchantmen; and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmeelites for twenty pieces of silver: and they brought Joseph into Egypt.

29And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

30And he returned unto his brethren, and said, The child is not; and I, whither shall I go?

31And they took Joseph’s coat, and killed a kid of the goats, and dipped the coat in the blood;

32And they sent the coat of many colours, and they brought it to their father; and said, This have we found: know now whether it be thy son’s coat or no.

33And he knew it, and said, It is my son’s coat; an evil beast hath devoured him; Joseph is without doubt rent in pieces.

34And Jacob rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son many days.

35And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said, For I will go down into the grave unto my son mourning. Thus his father wept for him.

36And the Midianites sold him into Egypt unto Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh’s, and captain of the guard.

1And Jacob dwelt in the land of his father`s sojournings, in the land of Canaan.

2These are the generations of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren; and he was a lad with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father`s wives: and Joseph brought the evil report of them unto their father.

3Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age: and he made him a coat of many colors.

4And his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren; and they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him.

5And Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it to his brethren: and they hated him yet the more.

6And he said unto them, Hear, I pray you, this dream which I have dreamed:

7for, behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and, lo, my sheaf arose, and also stood upright; and, behold, your sheaves came round about, and made obeisance to my sheaf.

8And his brethren said to him, Shalt thou indeed reign over us? Or shalt thou indeed have dominion over us? And they hated him yet the more for his dreams, and for his words.

9And he dreamed yet another dream, and told it to his brethren, and said, Behold, I have dreamed yet a dream: and, behold, the sun and the moon and eleven stars made obeisance to me.

10And he told it to his father, and to his brethren; and his father rebuked him, and said unto him, What is this dream that thou hast dreamed? Shall I and thy mother and thy brethren indeed come to bow down ourselves to thee to the earth?

11And his brethren envied him; but his father kept the saying in mind.

12And his brethren went to feed their father`s flock in Shechem.

13And Israel said unto Joseph, Are not thy brethren feeding the flock in Shechem? Come, and I will send thee unto them. And he said to him, Here am I.

14And he said to him, Go now, see whether it is well with thy brethren, and well with the flock; and bring me word again. So he sent him out of the vale of Hebron, and he came to Shechem.

15And a certain man found him, and, behold, he was wandering in the field: and the man asked him, saying, What seekest thou?

16And he said, I am seeking my brethren: tell me, I pray thee, where they are feeding [the flock].

17And the man said, They are departed hence; for I heard them say, Let us go to Dothan. And Joseph went after his brethren, and found them in Dothan.

18And they saw him afar off, and before he came near unto them, they conspired against him to slay him.

19And they said one to another, Behold, this dreamer cometh.

20Come now therefore, and let us slay him, and cast him into one of the pits, and we will say, And evil beast hath devoured him: and we shall see what will become of his dreams.

21And Reuben heard it, and delivered him out of their hand, and said, Let us not take his life.

22And Reuben said unto them, Shed no blood; cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, but lay no hand upon him: that he might deliver him out of their hand, to restore him to his father.

23And it came to pass, when Joseph was come unto his brethren, that they stripped Joseph of his coat, the coat of many colors that was on him;

24and they took him, and cast him into the pit: and the pit was empty, there was no water in it.

25And they sat down to eat bread: and they lifted up their eyes and looked, and, behold, a caravan of Ishmaelites was coming from Gilead, with their camels bearing spicery and balm and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt.

26And Judah said unto his brethren, What profit is it if we slay our brother and conceal his blood?

27Come, and let us sell him to the Ishmaelites, and let not our hand be upon him; for he is our brother, our flesh. And his brethren hearkened unto him.

28And there passed by Midianites, merchantmen; and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver. And they brought Joseph into Egypt.

29And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

30And he returned unto his brethren, and said, The child is not; and I, whither shall I go?

31And they took Joseph`s coat, and killed a he-goat, and dipped the coat in the blood;

32and they sent the coat of many colors, and they brought it to their father, and said, This have we found: know now whether it is thy son`s coat or not.

33And he knew it, and said, It is my son`s coat: an evil beast hath devoured him; Joseph is without doubt torn in pieces.

34And Jacob rent his garments, and put sackcloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son many days.

35And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said, For I will go down to Sheol to my son mourning. And his father wept for him.

36And the Midianites sold him into Egypt unto Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh`s, the captain of the guard.

1But Jacob lived in the land where his father had stayed, in the land of Canaan.

2This is the account of Jacob.Joseph, his seventeen-year-old son, was taking care of the flocks with his brothers. Now he was a youngster working with the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, his father’s wives. Joseph brought back a bad report about them to their father.

3Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his sons because he was a son born to him late in life, and he made a special tunic for him.

4When Joseph’s brothers saw that their father loved him more than any of them, they hated Joseph and were not able to speak to him kindly.

5Joseph had a dream, and when he told his brothers about it they hated him even more.

6He said to them, “Listen to this dream I had:

7There we were, binding sheaves of grain in the middle of the field. Suddenly my sheaf rose up and stood upright and your sheaves surrounded my sheaf and bowed down to it!”

8Then his brothers asked him, “Do you really think you will rule over us or have dominion over us?” They hated him even more because of his dream and because of what he said.

9Then he had another dream, and told it to his brothers. “Look,” he said. “I had another dream. The sun, the moon, and eleven stars were bowing down to me.”

10When he told his father and his brothers, his father rebuked him, saying, “What is this dream that you had? Will I, your mother, and your brothers really come and bow down to you?”

11His brothers were jealous of him, but his father kept in mind what Joseph said.

12When his brothers had gone to graze their father’s flocks near Shechem,

13Israel said to Joseph, “Your brothers are grazing the flocks near Shechem. Come, I will send you to them.” “I’m ready,” Joseph replied.

14So Jacob said to him, “Go now and check on the welfare of your brothers and of the flocks, and bring me word.” So Jacob sent him from the valley of Hebron.

15When Joseph reached Shechem, a man found him wandering in the field, so the man asked him, “What are you looking for?”

16He replied, “I’m looking for my brothers. Please tell me where they are grazing their flocks.”

17The man said, “They left this area, for I heard them say, ‘Let’s go to Dothan.’” So Joseph went after his brothers and found them at Dothan.

18Now Joseph’s brothers saw him from a distance, and before he reached them, they plotted to kill him.

19They said to one another, “Here comes this master of dreams!

20Come now, let’s kill him, throw him into one of the cisterns, and then say that a wild animal ate him. Then we’ll see how his dreams turn out!”

21When Reuben heard this, he rescued Joseph from their hands, saying, “Let’s not take his life!”

22Reuben continued, “Don’t shed blood! Throw him into this cistern that is here in the wilderness, but don’t lay a hand on him.” (Reuben said this so he could rescue Joseph from them and take him back to his father.)

23When Joseph reached his brothers, they stripped him of his tunic, the special tunic that he wore.

24Then they took him and threw him into the cistern. (Now the cistern was empty; there was no water in it.)

25When they sat down to eat their food, they looked up and saw a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead. Their camels were carrying spices, balm, and myrrh down to Egypt.

26Then Judah said to his brothers, “What profit is there if we kill our brother and cover up his blood?

27Come, let’s sell him to the Ishmaelites, but let’s not lay a hand on him, for after all, he is our brother, our own flesh.” His brothers agreed.

28So when the Midianite merchants passed by, Joseph’s brothers pulled him out of the cistern and sold him to the Ishmaelites for 20 pieces of silver. The Ishmaelites then took Joseph to Egypt.

29Later Reuben returned to the cistern to find that Joseph was not in it! He tore his clothes,

30returned to his brothers, and said, “The boy isn’t there! And I, where can I go?”

31So they took Joseph’s tunic, killed a young goat, and dipped the tunic in the blood.

32Then they brought the special tunic to their father and said, “We found this. Determine now whether it is your son’s tunic or not.”

33He recognized it and exclaimed, “It is my son’s tunic! A wild animal has eaten him! Joseph has surely been torn to pieces!”

34Then Jacob tore his clothes, put on sackcloth, and mourned for his son many days.

35All his sons and daughters stood by him to console him, but he refused to be consoled. “No,” he said, “I will go to the grave mourning my son.” So Joseph’s father wept for him.

36Now in Egypt the Midianites sold Joseph to Potiphar, one of Pharaoh’s officials, the captain of the guard.

1Jacob lived in the land of his father’s travels, in the land of Canaan.

2This is the history of the generations of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brothers. He was a boy with the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, his father’s wives. Joseph brought an evil report of them to their father.

3Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age, and he made him a coat of many colors.

4His brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, and they hated him, and couldn’t speak peaceably to him.

5Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it to his brothers, and they hated him all the more.

6He said to them, “Please hear this dream which I have dreamed:

7for behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and behold, my sheaf arose and also stood upright; and behold, your sheaves came around, and bowed down to my sheaf.”

8His brothers said to him, “Will you indeed reign over us? Or will you indeed have dominion over us?” They hated him all the more for his dreams and for his words.

9He dreamed yet another dream, and told it to his brothers, and said, “Behold, I have dreamed yet another dream: and behold, the sun and the moon and eleven stars bowed down to me.”

10He told it to his father and to his brothers. His father rebuked him, and said to him, “What is this dream that you have dreamed? Will I and your mother and your brothers indeed come to bow ourselves down to you to the earth?”

11His brothers envied him, but his father kept this saying in mind.

12His brothers went to feed their father’s flock in Shechem.

13Israel said to Joseph, “Aren’t your brothers feeding the flock in Shechem? Come, and I will send you to them.” He said to him, “Here I am.”

14He said to him, “Go now, see whether it is well with your brothers, and well with the flock; and bring me word again.” So he sent him out of the valley of Hebron, and he came to Shechem.

15A certain man found him, and behold, he was wandering in the field. The man asked him, “What are you looking for?”

16He said, “I am looking for my brothers. Tell me, please, where they are feeding the flock.”

17The man said, “They have left here, for I heard them say, ‘Let us go to Dothan.’” Joseph went after his brothers, and found them in Dothan.

18They saw him afar off, and before he came near to them, they conspired against him to kill him.

19They said to one another, “Behold, this dreamer comes.

20Come now therefore, and let’s kill him, and cast him into one of the pits, and we will say, ‘An evil animal has devoured him.’ We will see what will become of his dreams.”

21Reuben heard it, and delivered him out of their hand, and said, “Let’s not take his life.”

22Reuben said to them, “Shed no blood. Throw him into this pit that is in the wilderness, but lay no hand on him”—that he might deliver him out of their hand, to restore him to his father.

23When Joseph came to his brothers, they stripped Joseph of his coat, the coat of many colors that was on him;

24and they took him, and threw him into the pit. The pit was empty. There was no water in it.

25They sat down to eat bread, and they lifted up their eyes and looked, and saw a caravan of Ishmaelites was coming from Gilead, with their camels bearing spices and balm and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt.

26Judah said to his brothers, “What profit is it if we kill our brother and conceal his blood?

27Come, and let’s sell him to the Ishmaelites, and not let our hand be on him; for he is our brother, our flesh.” His brothers listened to him.

28Midianites who were merchants passed by, and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver. They brought Joseph into Egypt.

29Reuben returned to the pit; and saw that Joseph wasn’t in the pit; and he tore his clothes.

30He returned to his brothers, and said, “The child is no more; and I, where will I go?”

31They took Joseph’s coat, and killed a male goat, and dipped the coat in the blood.

32They took the coat of many colors, and they brought it to their father, and said, “We have found this. Examine it, now, whether it is your son’s coat or not.”

33He recognized it, and said, “It is my son’s coat. An evil animal has devoured him. Joseph is without doubt torn in pieces.”

34Jacob tore his clothes, and put sackcloth on his waist, and mourned for his son many days.

35All his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. He said, “For I will go down to Sheol to my son mourning.” His father wept for him.

36The Midianites sold him into Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh’s, the captain of the guard.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Reflection

Summary

Jacob favors Joseph with a special coat; Joseph's dreams of greatness provoke his brothers to sell him into slavery in Egypt.

Authorship & Background

Author: Moses (see Chapter 1 notes for full authorship details).
Historical Context: Chapter 37 begins the Joseph narrative (chs.37-50) — the longest continuous story in Genesis and one of the greatest narratives in all of literature. Joseph is the most detailed type of Christ in the OT: beloved son, sent by his father, rejected by his brothers, sold for silver, falsely accused, exalted to save the world. This chapter introduces the conflict: Jacob's favoritism, Joseph's dreams, and the brothers' hatred that leads to Joseph being sold into slavery.
Joseph the Favorite (vv.1-4): Joseph is 17, tending flocks (v.2). He brings a bad report about his brothers (v.2). "Israel loved Joseph more than all his children" — gives him a "coat of many colours" (v.3). The brothers hate him and "could not speak peaceably unto him" (v.4).
Joseph's Dreams (vv.5-11): Dream 1: sheaves bowing to Joseph's sheaf (vv.5-8). The brothers: "Shalt thou indeed reign over us?" — they hate him more (v.8). Dream 2: sun, moon, and eleven stars bowing to him (v.9). Even Jacob rebukes him — but "observed the saying" (vv.10-11). The brothers envy him (v.11).
The Plot Against Joseph (vv.12-28): Jacob sends Joseph to check on his brothers at Shechem (vv.13-14). He finds them at Dothan (v.17). They conspire to kill him: "Behold, this dreamer cometh" (vv.18-20). Reuben intervenes: "Let us not kill him" — plans to rescue him later (vv.21-22). They strip his coat and throw him in a pit (vv.23-24). Judah suggests selling him to Ishmaelites (vv.26-27). Sold for 20 pieces of silver (v.28).
The Deception (vv.29-36): Reuben returns — Joseph is gone (vv.29-30). The brothers dip the coat in goat's blood (v.31). Jacob is deceived — "an evil beast hath devoured him" (v.33). He mourns inconsolably (vv.34-35). Joseph is sold to Potiphar in Egypt (v.36).

Map & Geography

  • Hebron (v.14) — Jacob's home, where Joseph is sent from. Located in the southern Judean hill country.
  • Shechem (v.12) — approximately 50 miles north of Hebron, where the brothers are initially pasturing their flocks.
  • Dothan (v.17) — about 15 miles north of Shechem, on a major trade route connecting Mesopotamia to Egypt. The Ishmaelite/Midianite caravan passes through here carrying spices to Egypt.
  • Joseph's journey to Egypt follows the ancient Via Maris trade route — the main commercial highway of the ancient Near East.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik covers the favoritism, the dreams, the plot, the sale, and the extensive Christ-typology in Joseph's story.
  • Charles Spurgeon: Sermon: "Joseph — A Type of Christ" on ch.37 (MTP Vol. 14, No. 842) "Joseph: beloved of his father, sent to his brethren, rejected by them, sold for silver, stripped of his garment, cast into a pit (like death), raised up, exalted to save the world. In every detail, Joseph foreshadows Christ. The brothers said: 'We shall see what will become of his dreams.' They thought they could defeat God's purpose. They could not. You cannot stop God's plan. What men mean for evil, God means for good." Sermon: "The Dreamer" on vv.19-20 (MTP Vol. 20, No. 1210) "Behold, this dreamer cometh — they mocked his dreams. But dreams from God cannot be killed. You can throw the dreamer in a pit, sell him into slavery, imprison him in a dungeon — but the dream survives. God's purposes are indestructible. They outlast every human attempt to destroy them."

Reflection

  • 1. Jacob's favoritism (v.3) produced hatred (v.4). If you're a parent, are you showing favoritism? It always damages. If you experienced favoritism (or its absence), how has it affected you?
  • 2. "We shall see what will become of his dreams" (v.20). The brothers tried to destroy God's purpose — and failed. Has anyone tried to destroy what God has spoken over your life? God's purposes are indestructible.
  • 3. Joseph was sold by his own brothers (v.28). Betrayal by family is the deepest wound. If you've experienced betrayal, know that God can use even this for good (50:20).
  • 4. The brothers used a goat to deceive Jacob (v.31) — just as Jacob used a goat to deceive Isaac (27:9). You reap what you sow. What seeds are you planting that might come back to you?
  • 5. Joseph's story begins with a pit (v.24) and ends with a palace (41:40). Your current "pit" is not your final destination. God is working — even when you can't see it.