Isaiah — Chapter 8

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1Then the LORD said to me, “Take a large scroll and write on it with an ordinary stylus: Maher-shalal-hash-baz.

2And I will appoint for Myself trustworthy witnesses—Uriah the priest and Zechariah son of Jeberekiah.”

3And I had relations with the prophetess, and she conceived and gave birth to a son. The LORD said to me, “Name him Maher-shalal-hash-baz.

4For before the boy knows how to cry ‘Father’ or ‘Mother,’ the wealth of Damascus and the plunder of Samaria will be carried off by the king of Assyria.”

5And the LORD spoke to me further:

6“Because this people has rejected the gently flowing waters of Shiloah and rejoiced in Rezin and the son of Remaliah,

7the Lord will surely bring against them the mighty floodwaters of the Euphrates—the king of Assyria and all his pomp. It will overflow its channels and overrun its banks.

8It will pour into Judah, swirling and sweeping over it, reaching up to the neck; its spreading streams will cover your entire land, O Immanuel!

9Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered!

10Devise a plan, but it will be thwarted; state a proposal, but it will not happen. For God is with us.”

11For this is what the LORD has spoken to me with a strong hand, instructing me not to walk in the way of this people:

12“Do not call conspiracy everything these people regard as conspiracy. Do not fear what they fear; do not live in dread.

13The LORD of Hosts is the One you shall regard as holy. Only He should be feared; only He should be dreaded.

14And He will be a sanctuary—but to both houses of Israel a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense, to the dwellers of Jerusalem a trap and a snare.

15Many will stumble over these; they will fall and be broken; they will be ensnared and captured.”

16Bind up the testimony and seal the law among my disciples.

17I will wait for the LORD, who is hiding His face from the house of Jacob. I will put my trust in Him.

18Here am I, and the children the LORD has given me as signs and symbols in Israel from the LORD of Hosts, who dwells on Mount Zion.

19When men tell you to consult mediums and spiritists who whisper and mutter, shouldn’t a people consult their God instead? Why consult the dead on behalf of the living?

20To the law and to the testimony! If they do not speak according to this word, they have no light of dawn.

21They will roam the land, dejected and hungry. When they are famished, they will become enraged; and looking upward, they will curse their king and their God.

22Then they will look to the earth and see only distress and darkness and the gloom of anguish. And they will be driven into utter darkness.

1Moreover the LORD said unto me, Take thee a great roll, and write in it with a man’s pen concerning Maher-shalal-hash-baz.

2And I took unto me faithful witnesses to record, Uriah the priest, and Zechariah the son of Jeberechiah.

3And I went unto the prophetess; and she conceived, and bare a son. Then said the LORD to me, Call his name Maher-shalal-hash-baz.

4For before the child shall have knowledge to cry, My father, and my mother, the riches of Damascus and the spoil of Samaria shall be taken away before the king of Assyria.

5The LORD spake also unto me again, saying,

6Forasmuch as this people refuseth the waters of Shiloah that go softly, and rejoice in Rezin and Remaliah’s son;

7Now therefore, behold, the Lord bringeth up upon them the waters of the river, strong and many, even the king of Assyria, and all his glory: and he shall come up over all his channels, and go over all his banks:

8And he shall pass through Judah; he shall overflow and go over, he shall reach even to the neck; and the stretching out of his wings shall fill the breadth of thy land, O Immanuel.

9Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces.

10Take counsel together, and it shall come to nought; speak the word, and it shall not stand: for God is with us.

11For the LORD spake thus to me with a strong hand, and instructed me that I should not walk in the way of this people, saying,

12Say ye not, A confederacy, to all them to whom this people shall say, A confederacy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid.

13Sanctify the LORD of hosts himself; and let him be your fear, and let him be your dread.

14And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

15And many among them shall stumble, and fall, and be broken, and be snared, and be taken.

16Bind up the testimony, seal the law among my disciples.

17And I will wait upon the LORD, that hideth his face from the house of Jacob, and I will look for him.

18Behold, I and the children whom the LORD hath given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel from the LORD of hosts, which dwelleth in mount Zion.

19And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?

20To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them.

21And they shall pass through it, hardly bestead and hungry: and it shall come to pass, that when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse their king and their God, and look upward.

22And they shall look unto the earth; and behold trouble and darkness, dimness of anguish; and they shall be driven to darkness.

1And Jehovah said unto me, Take thee a great tablet, and write upon it with the pen of a man, For Maher-shalal-hash-baz;

2and I will take unto me faithful witnesses to record, Uriah the priest, and Zechariah the son of Jeberechiah.

3And I went unto the prophetess; and she conceived, and bare a son. Then said Jehovah unto me, Call his name Maher-shalal-hash-baz.

4For before the child shall have knowledge to cry, My father, and, My mother, the riches of Damascus and the spoil of Samaria shall be carried away before the king of Assyria.

5And Jehovah spake unto me yet again, saying,

6Forasmuch as this people have refused the waters of Shiloah that go softly, and rejoice in Rezin and Remaliah`s son;

7now therefore, behold, the Lord bringeth up upon them the waters of the River, strong and many, [even] the king of Assyria and all his glory: and it shall come up over all its channels, and go over all its banks;

8and it shall sweep onward into Judah; it shall overflow and pass through; it shall reach even to the neck; and the stretching out of its wings shall fill the breadth of thy land, O Immanuel.

9Make an uproar, O ye peoples, and be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and be broken in pieces.

10Take counsel together, and it shall be brought to nought; speak the word, and it shall not stand: for God is with us.

11For Jehovah spake thus to me with a strong hand, and instructed me not to walk in the way of this people, saying,

12Say ye not, A conspiracy, concerning all whereof this people shall say, A conspiracy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be in dread [thereof].

13Jehovah of hosts, him shall ye sanctify; and let him be your fear, and let him be your dread.

14And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

15And many shall stumble thereon, and fall, and be broken, and be snared, and be taken.

16Bind thou up the testimony, seal the law among my disciples.

17And I will wait for Jehovah, that hideth his face from the house of Jacob, and I will look for him.

18Behold, I and the children whom Jehovah hath given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel from Jehovah of hosts, who dwelleth in mount Zion.

19And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits and unto the wizards, that chirp and that mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? on behalf of the living [should they seek] unto the dead?

20To the law and to the testimony! if they speak not according to this word, surely there is no morning for them.

21And they shall pass through it, sore distressed and hungry; and it shall come to pass that, when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse by their king and by their God, and turn their faces upward:

22and they shall look unto the earth, and behold, distress and darkness, the gloom of anguish; and into thick darkness [they shall be] driven away.

1The Lord told me, “Take a large tablet and inscribe these words on it with an ordinary stylus: ‘Maher Shalal Hash Baz.’

2Then I will summon as my reliable witnesses Uriah the priest and Zechariah son of Jeberekiah.”

3I then approached the prophetess for marital relations; she conceived and gave birth to a son. The Lord told me, “Name him Maher Shalal Hash Baz,

4for before the child knows how to cry out ‘My father’ or ‘My mother,’ the wealth of Damascus and the plunder of Samaria will be carried off by the king of Assyria.”

5The Lord spoke to me again:

6“These people have rejected the gently flowing waters of Shiloah and melt in fear over Rezin and the son of Remaliah.

7So look, the Lord is bringing up against them the turbulent and mighty waters of the Euphrates River—the king of Assyria and all his majestic power. It will reach flood stage and overflow its banks.

8It will spill into Judah, flooding and engulfing, as it reaches to the necks of its victims. He will spread his wings out over your entire land, O Immanuel.”

9You will be broken, O nations; you will be shattered! Pay attention, all you distant lands of the earth. Get ready for battle, and you will be shattered! Get ready for battle, and you will be shattered!

10Devise your strategy, but it will be thwarted. Issue your orders, but they will not be executed! For God is with us!

11Indeed this is what the Lord told me quite forcefully. He warned me not to act like these people:

12“Do not say, ‘Conspiracy,’ every time these people say the word. Don’t be afraid of what scares them; don’t be terrified.

13You must recognize the authority of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. He is the one you must respect; he is the one you must fear.

14He will become a sanctuary, but a stone that makes a person trip and a rock that makes one stumble— to the two houses of Israel. He will become a trap and a snare to the residents of Jerusalem.

15Many will stumble over the stone and the rock, and will fall and be seriously injured, and will be ensnared and captured.”

16Tie up the scroll as legal evidence, seal the official record of God’s instructions, and give it to my followers.

17I will wait patiently for the Lord, who has rejected the family of Jacob; I will wait for him.

18Look, I and the sons whom the Lord has given me are reminders and object lessons in Israel, sent from the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, who lives on Mount Zion.

19They will say to you, “Seek oracles at the pits used to conjure up underworld spirits, from the magicians who chirp and mutter incantations. Should people not seek oracles from their gods, by asking the dead about the destiny of the living?”

20Then you must recall the Lord’s instructions and the prophetic testimony of what would happen. Certainly they say such things because their minds are spiritually darkened.

21They will pass through the land destitute and starving. Their hunger will make them angry, and they will curse their king and their God as they look upward.

22When one looks out over the land, he sees distress and darkness, gloom and anxiety, darkness and people forced from the land.

1Yahweh said to me, “Take a large tablet, and write on it with a man’s pen, ‘For Maher Shalal Hash Baz’;

2and I will take for myself faithful witnesses to testify: Uriah the priest, and Zechariah the son of Jeberechiah.”

3I went to the prophetess, and she conceived, and bore a son. Then Yahweh said to me, “Call his name ‘Maher Shalal Hash Baz.’

4For before the child knows how to say, ‘My father,’ and, ‘My mother,’ the riches of Damascus and the plunder of Samaria will be carried away by the king of Assyria.”

5Yahweh spoke to me yet again, saying,

6“Because this people have refused the waters of Shiloah that go softly, and rejoice in Rezin and Remaliah’s son;

7now therefore, behold, the Lord brings upon them the mighty flood waters of the River: the king of Assyria and all his glory. It will come up over all its channels, and go over all its banks.

8It will sweep onward into Judah. It will overflow and pass through; it will reach even to the neck; and the stretching out of its wings will fill the width of your land, Immanuel.

9Make an uproar, you peoples, and be broken in pieces! Listen, all you from far countries: dress for battle, and be shattered! Dress for battle, and be shattered!

10Take counsel together, and it will be brought to nothing; speak the word, and it will not stand: for God is with us.”

11For Yahweh spoke thus to me with a strong hand, and instructed me not to walk in the way of this people, saying,

12“Don’t say, ‘A conspiracy!’ concerning all about which this people say, ‘A conspiracy!’ neither fear their threats, nor be terrorized.

13Yahweh of Armies is who you must respect as holy. He is the one you must fear. He is the one you must dread.

14He will be a sanctuary, but for both houses of Israel, he will be a trap and a snare for the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

15Many will stumble over it, fall, be broken, be snared, and be captured.”

16Wrap up the testimony. Seal the law among my disciples.

17I will wait for Yahweh, who hides his face from the house of Jacob, and I will look for him.

18Behold, I and the children whom Yahweh has given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel from Yahweh of Armies, who dwells in Mount Zion.

19When they tell you, “Consult with those who have familiar spirits and with the wizards, who chirp and who mutter:” shouldn’t a people consult with their God? Should they consult the dead on behalf of the living?

20Turn to the law and to the testimony! If they don’t speak according to this word, surely there is no morning for them.

21They will pass through it, very distressed and hungry; and it will happen that when they are hungry, they will worry, and curse by their king and by their God. They will turn their faces upward,

22and look to the earth, and see distress, darkness, and the gloom of anguish. They will be driven into thick darkness.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

God tells Isaiah to name his newborn son Maher-shalal-hash-baz, meaning "quick to the plunder, swift to the spoil," as a sign that Assyria will soon strip Damascus and Samaria of their wealth (vv. 1-4). Because the people rejected the gently flowing waters of Shiloah and instead trusted in Syria and Israel, God will bring the mighty flood of the Assyrian river against them, sweeping through Judah until it reaches up to the neck (vv. 5-8). Isaiah warns against joining any human conspiracy for safety and calls the people instead to fear the LORD alone, who will be either a sanctuary or a stone people stumble over (vv. 9-15). He resolves to bind up his teaching among his disciples and wait for the LORD, even while God hides his face from Israel (vv. 16-18). The chapter ends warning that those who consult mediums instead of God's law will wander in hunger, curse their king, and be driven into darkness (vv. 19-22).

Authorship & Background

Author: Isaiah son of Amoz (see Chapter 1 notes for full details).
Classification: Prophetic Sign-Act and Instruction
Key Themes: The named child as prophetic sign, Assyria as God's flood overflowing Judah, the Immanuel connection ("thy land, O Immanuel"), the stumbling stone, rejecting spiritists for God's word, darkness for those who refuse the light
Historical Context: Continuing from chapter 7, Isaiah performs another sign-act. Before witnesses, he writes "Maher-shalal-hash-baz" (the longest name in the Bible — meaning "swift is the booty, speedy is the prey"). His wife (the prophetess) bears a son with this name. Before the child can say "mama" or "dada," Damascus and Samaria will fall to Assyria. But because Judah rejected God's "gently flowing waters of Shiloah" (v.6 — God's quiet provision through David's line), God sends instead the "mighty and many waters" of the Euphrates (Assyria) — flooding all the way to Judah's neck (v.8). Verses 11-22 shift to personal instruction: don't fear what the people fear; God Himself is the sanctuary or the stumbling stone. And when people suggest consulting the dead instead of God: "To the law and to the testimony" (v.20).
Maher-shalal-hash-baz (vv.1-4): Take thee a great roll, and write in it with a man's pen, and what is written is a name, Maher-shalal-hash-baz, which means speed to the spoil, hasten to the prey. Two witnesses are named for the document, Uriah the priest and Zechariah the son of Jeberechiah, so the prophecy is notarised before the event it describes. Then the child is born and the timetable is attached to him, before the child shall have knowledge to cry, My father, and my mother, the riches of Damascus and the spoil of Samaria shall be taken away.
The Waters of Shiloah, and the Waters of the River (vv.5-8): Because this people refuseth the waters of Shiloah that go softly, and the contrast is hydraulic and local: Shiloah is Jerusalem's own quiet spring-fed channel, and the river is the Euphrates. Now therefore the Lord bringeth up upon them the waters of the river, strong and many, and the flood is measured against a body, he shall reach even to the neck. Then a phrase that lands strangely in the middle of a threat, and shall fill the breadth of thy land, O Immanuel. The name from the previous chapter is used here as the name of the country.
Take Counsel Together, and It Shall Come to Nought (vv.9-10): Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces, gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces. The reason is held to the end, take counsel together, and it shall come to nought, speak the word, and it shall not stand, for God is with us. That final clause is Immanuel translated into English, so the name appears for the third time in two chapters, and this time it functions as the argument rather than as a label.
Say Ye Not, A Confederacy (vv.11-13): The instruction is private and it is about resisting a mood rather than a policy, say ye not, A confederacy, to all them to whom this people shall say, A confederacy, neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid. The word rendered confederacy is also the word for conspiracy, and what is being described is the standing panic of a small state convinced that everyone is plotting. The replacement is offered in the same vocabulary, sanctify the LORD of hosts himself, and let him be your fear, and let him be your dread.
A Stone of Stumbling (vv.14-15): And he shall be for a sanctuary, but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel. The same object is refuge and hazard, and which it is depends entirely on the approach. Paul quotes it in Romans 9 and Peter in 1 Peter 2, both of them applying it to Christ, and both keeping the double sense the verse has here.
Bind Up the Testimony (vv.16-18): Bind up the testimony, seal the law among my disciples, which is an instruction to archive rather than to broadcast. Then the most personal sentence in the chapter, and I will wait upon the LORD, that hideth his face from the house of Jacob, and I will look for him. Waiting on a God described in the same breath as hiding is the position the prophet takes once the king has stopped listening. And the last verse makes his household the message, behold, I and the children whom the LORD hath given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel, a verse Hebrews 2:13 quotes.
To the Law and to the Testimony (vv.19-22): And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter. The reply is a question, should not a people seek unto their God, for the living to the dead. Then the standard, and it is a documentary one, to the law and to the testimony, if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them. The chapter ends in the dark rather than in the light, they shall pass through it, hardly bestead and hungry, and shall look unto the earth, and behold trouble and darkness.

Map & Geography

  • Samaria (v.4): Central region between Judea and Galilee; mixed Jewish-Gentile population.
  • Assyria (v.4, v.7): Empire to the northeast that conquered the northern kingdom of Israel (722 BC).
  • Damascus (v.4): Ancient Syrian city; site of Paul's conversion.
  • Jerusalem (v.14): Capital of Judah; the holy city where the Temple stood.
  • Zion (v.18): The hill on which Jerusalem/the Temple stood; often used poetically for God's dwelling.

Places on this map

  • SamariaSebastia, West BankOmri bought a bare hill and built a capital on it, which gave the northern kingdom a fortress with no prior claim on it, the same calculation David made with Jerusalem. It commands the pass west toward the coastal plain. The name later spread to the whole region between Galilee and Judea. Wikipedia
  • Galileenorthern IsraelThe northern hill country above the Jezreel Valley, wetter and greener than Judah and crossed by the trade road to Damascus. That traffic is why Judeans considered it mixed and provincial, and why Jesus grew up hearing more than one language. Wikipedia
  • Assyrianorthern IraqThe upper Tigris heartland around Nineveh, Calah and Asshur. Its armies reached Israel by following the Fertile Crescent north-west and then south down the coast, so the threat always arrived from the north even though Assyria lay to the east. Wikipedia
  • DamascusDamascus, SyriaAn oasis city where the Barada river runs out of the Anti-Lebanon into the desert, about 135 miles north-east of Jerusalem. It sat astride the caravan roads to Mesopotamia and Arabia, which made Aram rich and made it Israel's most persistent northern rival. Wikipedia
  • JerusalemJerusalemA hill town about 2,500 feet up in the central spine of Judah, roughly 35 miles inland from the Mediterranean and 15 miles west of the Jordan. It sits on no trade route and has no river, which is why it mattered as a fortress and a sanctuary rather than as a market. Wikipedia
  • Judeasouthern Israel and the West BankThe southern hill country around Jerusalem, high, stony and dry, with the wilderness on one side and the Philistine plain on the other. Poor farming and hard access are what let it stay independent longest. Wikipedia
  • AramSyriaThe Syrian interior north-east of Israel, a set of city-states rather than one kingdom, with Damascus the strongest. Aramaic, its language, became the everyday speech of the whole region including Judea. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik examines the second sign-child, the Assyrian flood metaphor, and the critical instruction on fearing God rather than political conspiracies.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Where is the Conspiracy? - Isaiah 8:11-13
David Guzik

Preparing for a Crisis - Isaiah 8:11-15
David Guzik

Articles

  • BibleProject: bibleproject.com On the whole book: the promised king who runs through Isaiah from beginning to end.
  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Isaiah -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Despising Gentle Provision (v.6) — Judah rejects the gently flowing waters of Shiloah, God's quiet provision, and God lets the overwhelming flood of Assyria come instead. Do you overlook God's quiet, unspectacular provision in your life because it doesn't look impressive enough?
  • Let Him Be Your Fear (v.13) — Isaiah is told not to fear what the people fear but to let the Lord Himself be the object of his fear and dread. What's dominating your anxiety right now, and how would it shrink if God held that place instead?
  • Sanctuary or Stumbling Stone (v.14) — The same God becomes either a refuge or a stone people trip over, depending entirely on their response to Him. Is God a place you run to for safety, or something you keep tripping over in resistance?
  • Testing Every Voice by Scripture (v.20) — When people point Judah toward mediums and spiritists, Isaiah's answer is to test everything against the law and the testimony. How carefully do you weigh the voices competing for your trust against what Scripture actually says?
  • No Light Outside God's Word (vv.21-22) — Those who reject God's revelation are left searching everywhere and finding only trouble, darkness, and anguish. Where have you gone looking for answers in places that were never going to have any light to offer?