Numbers — Chapter 4

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1Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,

2“Take a census of the Kohathites among the Levites by their clans and families,

3men from thirty to fifty years old—everyone who is qualified to serve in the work at the Tent of Meeting.

4This service of the Kohathites at the Tent of Meeting regards the most holy things.

5Whenever the camp sets out, Aaron and his sons are to go in, take down the veil of the curtain, and cover the ark of the Testimony with it.

6They are to place over this a covering of fine leather, spread a solid blue cloth over it, and insert its poles.

7Over the table of the Presence they are to spread a blue cloth and place the plates and cups on it, along with the bowls and pitchers for the drink offering. The regular bread offering is to remain on it.

8And they shall spread a scarlet cloth over them, cover them with fine leather, and insert the poles.

9They are to take a blue cloth and cover the lampstand used for light, together with its lamps, wick trimmers, and trays, as well as the jars of oil with which to supply it.

10Then they shall wrap it and all its utensils inside a covering of fine leather and put it on the carrying frame.

11Over the gold altar they are to spread a blue cloth, cover it with fine leather, and insert the poles.

12They are to take all the utensils for serving in the sanctuary, place them in a blue cloth, cover them with fine leather, and put them on the carrying frame.

13Then they shall remove the ashes from the bronze altar, spread a purple cloth over it,

14and place on it all the vessels used to serve there: the firepans, meat forks, shovels, and sprinkling bowls—all the equipment of the altar. They are to spread over it a covering of fine leather and insert the poles.

15When Aaron and his sons have finished covering the holy objects and all their equipment, as soon as the camp is ready to move, the Kohathites shall come and do the carrying. But they must not touch the holy objects, or they will die. These are the transportation duties of the Kohathites regarding the Tent of Meeting.

16Eleazar son of Aaron the priest shall oversee the oil for the light, the fragrant incense, the daily grain offering, and the anointing oil. He has oversight of the entire tabernacle and everything in it, including the holy objects and their utensils.”

17Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,

18“Do not allow the Kohathite tribal clans to be cut off from among the Levites.

19In order that they may live and not die when they come near the most holy things, do this for them: Aaron and his sons are to go in and assign each man his task and what he is to carry.

20But the Kohathites are not to go in and look at the holy objects, even for a moment, or they will die.”

21And the LORD said to Moses,

22“Take a census of the Gershonites as well, by their families and clans,

23from thirty to fifty years old, counting everyone who comes to serve in the work at the Tent of Meeting.

24This is the service of the Gershonite clans regarding work and transport:

25They are to carry the curtains of the tabernacle, the Tent of Meeting with the covering of fine leather over it, the curtains for the entrance to the Tent of Meeting,

26the curtains of the courtyard, and the curtains for the entrance at the gate of the courtyard that surrounds the tabernacle and altar, along with their ropes and all the equipment for their service. The Gershonites will do all that needs to be done with these items.

27All the service of the Gershonites—all their transport duties and other work—is to be done at the direction of Aaron and his sons; you are to assign to them all that they are responsible to carry.

28This is the service of the Gershonite clans at the Tent of Meeting, and their duties shall be under the direction of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.

29As for the sons of Merari, you are to number them by their clans and families,

30from thirty to fifty years old, counting everyone who comes to serve in the work of the Tent of Meeting.

31This is the duty for all their service at the Tent of Meeting: to carry the frames of the tabernacle with its crossbars, posts, and bases,

32and the posts of the surrounding courtyard with their bases, tent pegs, and ropes, including all their equipment and everything related to their use. You shall assign by name the items that they are responsible to carry.

33This is the service of the Merarite clans according to all their work at the Tent of Meeting, under the direction of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.”

34So Moses, Aaron, and the leaders of the congregation numbered the Kohathites by their clans and families,

35everyone from thirty to fifty years old who came to serve in the work at the Tent of Meeting.

36And those numbered by their clans totaled 2,750.

37These were counted from the Kohathite clans, everyone who could serve at the Tent of Meeting. Moses and Aaron numbered them according to the command of the LORD through Moses.

38Then the Gershonites were numbered by their clans and families,

39everyone from thirty to fifty years old who came to serve in the work at the Tent of Meeting.

40And those numbered by their clans and families totaled 2,630.

41These were counted from the Gershonite clans who served at the Tent of Meeting, whom Moses and Aaron counted at the LORD’s command.

42And the Merarites were numbered by their clans and families,

43everyone from thirty to fifty years old who came to serve in the work at the Tent of Meeting.

44The men registered by their clans numbered 3,200.

45These were counted from the Merarite clans, whom Moses and Aaron numbered at the LORD’s command through Moses.

46So Moses, Aaron, and the leaders of Israel numbered by their clans and families all the Levites

47from thirty to fifty years old who came to do the work of serving and carrying the Tent of Meeting.

48And the number of men was 8,580.

49At the LORD’s command through Moses they were numbered, and each one was assigned his work and burden, as the LORD had commanded Moses.

1And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,

2Take the sum of the sons of Kohath from among the sons of Levi, after their families, by the house of their fathers,

3From thirty years old and upward even until fifty years old, all that enter into the host, to do the work in the tabernacle of the congregation.

4This shall be the service of the sons of Kohath in the tabernacle of the congregation, about the most holy things:

5And when the camp setteth forward, Aaron shall come, and his sons, and they shall take down the covering vail, and cover the ark of testimony with it:

6And shall put thereon the covering of badgers’ skins, and shall spread over it a cloth wholly of blue, and shall put in the staves thereof.

7And upon the table of shewbread they shall spread a cloth of blue, and put thereon the dishes, and the spoons, and the bowls, and covers to cover withal: and the continual bread shall be thereon:

8And they shall spread upon them a cloth of scarlet, and cover the same with a covering of badgers’ skins, and shall put in the staves thereof.

9And they shall take a cloth of blue, and cover the candlestick of the light, and his lamps, and his tongs, and his snuffdishes, and all the oil vessels thereof, wherewith they minister unto it:

10And they shall put it and all the vessels thereof within a covering of badgers’ skins, and shall put it upon a bar.

11And upon the golden altar they shall spread a cloth of blue, and cover it with a covering of badgers’ skins, and shall put to the staves thereof:

12And they shall take all the instruments of ministry, wherewith they minister in the sanctuary, and put them in a cloth of blue, and cover them with a covering of badgers’ skins, and shall put them on a bar:

13And they shall take away the ashes from the altar, and spread a purple cloth thereon:

14And they shall put upon it all the vessels thereof, wherewith they minister about it, even the censers, the fleshhooks, and the shovels, and the basons, all the vessels of the altar; and they shall spread upon it a covering of badgers skins, and put to the staves of it.

15And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the sanctuary, and all the vessels of the sanctuary, as the camp is to set forward; after that, the sons of Kohath shall come to bear it: but they shall not touch any holy thing, lest they die. These things are the burden of the sons of Kohath in the tabernacle of the congregation.

16And to the office of Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest pertaineth the oil for the light, and the sweet incense, and the daily meat offering, and the anointing oil, and the oversight of all the tabernacle, and of all that therein is, in the sanctuary, and in the vessels thereof.

17And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,

18Cut ye not off the tribe of the families of the Kohathites from among the Levites:

19But thus do unto them, that they may live, and not die, when they approach unto the most holy things: Aaron and his sons shall go in, and appoint them every one to his service and to his burden:

20But they shall not go in to see when the holy things are covered, lest they die.

21And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

22Take also the sum of the sons of Gershon, throughout the houses of their fathers, by their families;

23From thirty years old and upward until fifty years old shalt thou number them; all that enter in to perform the service, to do the work in the tabernacle of the congregation.

24This is the service of the families of the Gershonites, to serve, and for burdens:

25And they shall bear the curtains of the tabernacle, and the tabernacle of the congregation, his covering, and the covering of the badgers’ skins that is above upon it, and the hanging for the door of the tabernacle of the congregation,

26And the hangings of the court, and the hanging for the door of the gate of the court, which is by the tabernacle and by the altar round about, and their cords, and all the instruments of their service, and all that is made for them: so shall they serve.

27At the appointment of Aaron and his sons shall be all the service of the sons of the Gershonites, in all their burdens, and in all their service: and ye shall appoint unto them in charge all their burdens.

28This is the service of the families of the sons of Gershon in the tabernacle of the congregation: and their charge shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.

29As for the sons of Merari, thou shalt number them after their families, by the house of their fathers;

30From thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old shalt thou number them, every one that entereth into the service, to do the work of the tabernacle of the congregation.

31And this is the charge of their burden, according to all their service in the tabernacle of the congregation; the boards of the tabernacle, and the bars thereof, and the pillars thereof, and sockets thereof,

32And the pillars of the court round about, and their sockets, and their pins, and their cords, with all their instruments, and with all their service: and by name ye shall reckon the instruments of the charge of their burden.

33This is the service of the families of the sons of Merari, according to all their service, in the tabernacle of the congregation, under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.

34And Moses and Aaron and the chief of the congregation numbered the sons of the Kohathites after their families, and after the house of their fathers,

35From thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entereth into the service, for the work in the tabernacle of the congregation:

36And those that were numbered of them by their families were two thousand seven hundred and fifty.

37These were they that were numbered of the families of the Kohathites, all that might do service in the tabernacle of the congregation, which Moses and Aaron did number according to the commandment of the LORD by the hand of Moses.

38And those that were numbered of the sons of Gershon, throughout their families, and by the house of their fathers,

39From thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entereth into the service, for the work in the tabernacle of the congregation,

40Even those that were numbered of them, throughout their families, by the house of their fathers, were two thousand and six hundred and thirty.

41These are they that were numbered of the families of the sons of Gershon, of all that might do service in the tabernacle of the congregation, whom Moses and Aaron did number according to the commandment of the LORD.

42And those that were numbered of the families of the sons of Merari, throughout their families, by the house of their fathers,

43From thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entereth into the service, for the work in the tabernacle of the congregation,

44Even those that were numbered of them after their families, were three thousand and two hundred.

45These be those that were numbered of the families of the sons of Merari, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the word of the LORD by the hand of Moses.

46All those that were numbered of the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron and the chief of Israel numbered, after their families, and after the house of their fathers,

47From thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that came to do the service of the ministry, and the service of the burden in the tabernacle of the congregation,

48Even those that were numbered of them, were eight thousand and five hundred and fourscore.

49According to the commandment of the LORD they were numbered by the hand of Moses, every one according to his service, and according to his burden: thus were they numbered of him, as the LORD commanded Moses.

1And Jehovah spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,

2Take the sum of the sons of Kohath from among the sons of Levi, by their families, by their fathers` houses,

3from thirty years old and upward even until fifty years old, all that enter upon the service, to do the work in the tent of meeting.

4This is the service of the sons of Kohath in the tent of meeting, [about] the most holy things:

5when the camp setteth forward, Aaron shall go in, and his sons, and they shall take down the veil of the screen, and cover the ark of the testimony with it,

6and shall put thereon a covering of sealskin, and shall spread over it a cloth all of blue, and shall put in the staves thereof.

7And upon the table of showbread they shall spread a cloth of blue, and put thereon the dishes, and the spoons, and the bowls and the cups wherewith to pour out; and the continual bread shall be thereon:

8and they shall spread upon them a cloth of scarlet, and cover the same with a covering of sealskin, and shall put in the staves thereof.

9And they shall take a cloth of blue, and cover the candlestick of the light, and its lamps, and its snuffers, and its snuffdishes, and all the oil vessels thereof, wherewith they minister unto it:

10and they shall put it and all the vessels thereof within a covering of sealskin, and shall put it upon the frame.

11And upon the golden altar they shall spread a cloth of blue, and cover it with a covering of sealskin, and shall put in the staves thereof:

12and they shall take all the vessels of ministry, wherewith they minister in the sanctuary, and put them in a cloth of blue, and cover them with a covering of sealskin, and shall put them on the frame.

13And they shall take away the ashes from the altar, and spread a purple cloth thereon:

14and they shall put upon it all the vessels thereof, wherewith they minister about it, the firepans, the flesh-hooks, and the shovels, and the basins, all the vessels of the altar; and they shall spread upon it a covering of sealskin, and put in the staves thereof.

15And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the sanctuary, and all the furniture of the sanctuary, as the camp is set forward; after that, the sons of Kohath shall come to bear it: but they shall not touch the sanctuary, lest they die. These things are the burden of the sons of Kohath in the tent of meeting.

16And the charge of Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest shall be the oil for the light, and the sweet incense, and the continual meal-offering, and the anointing oil, the charge of all the tabernacle, and of all that therein is, the sanctuary, and the furniture thereof.

17And Jehovah spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,

18Cut ye not off the tribe of the families of the Kohathites from among the Levites;

19but thus do unto them, that they may live, and not die, when they approach unto the most holy things: Aaron and his sons shall go in, and appoint them every one to his service and to his burden;

20but they shall not go in to see the sanctuary even for a moment, lest they die.

21And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying,

22Take the sum of the sons of Gershon also, by their fathers` houses, by their families;

23from thirty years old and upward until fifty years old shalt thou number them; all that enter in to wait upon the service, to do the work in the tent of meeting.

24This is the service of the families of the Gershonites, in serving and in bearing burdens:

25they shall bear the curtains of the tabernacle, and the tent of meeting, its covering, and the covering of sealskin that is above upon it, and the screen for the door of the tent of meeting,

26and the hangings of the court, and the screen for the door of the gate of the court, which is by the tabernacle and by the altar round about, and their cords, and all the instruments of their service, and whatsoever shall be done with them: therein shall they serve.

27At the commandment of Aaron and his sons shall be all the service of the sons of the Gershonites, in all their burden, and in all their service; and ye shall appoint unto them in charge all their burden.

28This is the service of the families of the sons of the Gershonites in the tent of meeting: and their charge shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.

29As for the sons of Merari, thou shalt number them by their families, by their fathers` houses;

30from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old shalt thou number them, every one that entereth upon the service, to do the work of the tent of meeting.

31And this is the charge of their burden, according to all their service in the tent of meeting: the boards of the tabernacle, and the bars thereof, and the pillars thereof, and the sockets thereof,

32and the pillars of the court round about, and their sockets, and their pins, and their cords, with all their instruments, and with all their service: and by name ye shall appoint the instruments of the charge of their burden.

33This is the service of the families of the sons of Merari, according to all their service, in the tent of meeting, under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.

34And Moses and Aaron and the princes of the congregation numbered the sons of the Kohathites by their families, and by their fathers` houses,

35from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entered upon the service, for work in the tent of meeting:

36and those that were numbered of them by their families were two thousand seven hundred and fifty.

37These are they that were numbered of the families of the Kohathites, all that did serve in the tent of meeting, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the commandment of Jehovah by Moses.

38And those that were numbered of the sons of Gershon, their families, and by their fathers` houses,

39from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entered upon the service, for work in the tent of meeting,

40even those that were numbered of them, by their families, by their fathers` houses, were two thousand and six hundred and thirty.

41These are they that were numbered of the families of the sons of Gershon, all that did serve in the tent of meeting, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the commandment of Jehovah.

42And those that were numbered of the families of the sons of Merari, by their families, by their fathers` houses,

43from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entered upon the service, for work in the tent of meeting,

44even those that were numbered of them by their families, were three thousand and two hundred.

45These are they that were numbered of the families of the sons of Merari, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the commandment of Jehovah by Moses.

46All those that were numbered of the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron and the princes of Israel numbered, by their families, and by their fathers` houses,

47from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entered in to do the work of service, and the work of bearing burdens in the tent of meeting,

48even those that were numbered of them, were eight thousand and five hundred and fourscore.

49According to the commandment of Jehovah they were numbered by Moses, every one according to his service, and according to his burden: thus were they numbered of him, as Jehovah commanded Moses.

1Then the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron:

2“Take a census of the Kohathites from among the Levites, by their families and by their clans,

3from thirty years old and upward to fifty years old, all who enter the company to do the work in the tent of meeting.

4This is the service of the Kohathites in the tent of meeting, relating to the most holy things.

5When it is time for the camp to journey, Aaron and his sons must come and take down the screening curtain and cover the ark of the testimony with it.

6Then they must put over it a covering of fine leather and spread over that a cloth entirely of blue, and then they must insert its poles.

7“On the table of the presence they must spread a blue cloth, and put on it the dishes, the pans, the bowls, and the pitchers for pouring, and the Bread of the Presence must be on it continually.

8They must spread over them a scarlet cloth, and cover the same with a covering of fine leather; and they must insert its poles.

9“They must take a blue cloth and cover the lampstand of the light, with its lamps, its wick-trimmers, its trays, and all its oil vessels, with which they service it.

10Then they must put it with all its utensils in a covering of fine leather, and put it on a carrying beam.

11“They must spread a blue cloth on the gold altar, and cover it with a covering of fine leather; and they must insert its poles.

12Then they must take all the utensils of the service, with which they serve in the sanctuary, put them in a blue cloth, cover them with a covering of fine leather, and put them on a carrying beam.

13Also, they must take away the ashes from the altar and spread a purple cloth over it.

14Then they must place on it all its implements with which they serve there—the trays, the meat forks, the shovels, the basins, and all the utensils of the altar—and they must spread on it a covering of fine leather, and then insert its poles.

15“When Aaron and his sons have finished covering the sanctuary and all the furnishings of the sanctuary, when the camp is ready to journey, then the Kohathites will come to carry them; but they must not touch any holy thing, or they will die. These are the responsibilities of the Kohathites with the tent of meeting.

16“The appointed responsibility of Eleazar son of Aaron the priest is for the oil for the light, and the spiced incense, and the daily grain offering, and the anointing oil; he also has the appointed responsibility over all the tabernacle with all that is in it, over the sanctuary and over all its furnishings.”

17Then the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron:

18“Do not allow the tribe of the families of the Kohathites to be cut off from among the Levites;

19but in order that they will live and not die when they approach the most holy things, do this for them: Aaron and his sons will go in and appoint each man to his service and his responsibility.

20But the Kohathites are not to go in to watch while the holy things are being covered, or they will die.”

21Then the Lord spoke to Moses:

22“Also take a census of the Gershonites also, by their clans and by their families.

23You must number them from thirty years old and upward to fifty years old, all who enter the company to do the work of the tent of meeting.

24This is the service of the families of Gershonites, as they serve and carry it.

25They must carry the curtains for the tabernacle and the tent of meeting with its covering, the covering of fine leather that is over it, the curtains for the entrance of the tent of meeting,

26the hangings for the courtyard, the curtain for the entrance of the gate of the court, which is around the tabernacle and the altar, and their ropes, along with all the furnishings for their service and everything that is made for them. So they are to serve.

27“All the service of the Gershonites, whether carrying loads or for any of their work, will be at the direction of Aaron and his sons. You will assign them all their tasks as their responsibility.

28This is the service of the families of the Gershonites concerning the tent of meeting. Their responsibilities will be under the authority of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.

29“As for the sons of Merari, you are to number them by their families and by their clans.

30You must number them from thirty years old and upward to fifty years old, all who enter the company to do the work of the tent of meeting.

31This is what they are responsible to carry as their entire service in the tent of meeting: the frames of the tabernacle, its crossbars, its posts, its sockets,

32and the posts of the surrounding courtyard with their sockets, tent pegs, and ropes, along with all their furnishings and everything for their service. You are to assign by name the items that each man is responsible to carry.

33This is the service of the families of the Merarites, their entire service concerning the tent of meeting, under the authority of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.”

34So Moses and Aaron and the leaders of the community numbered the Kohathites by their families and by clans,

35from thirty years old and upward to fifty years old, everyone who entered the company for the work in the tent of meeting;

36and those of them numbered by their families were 2,750.

37These were those numbered from the families of the Kohathites, everyone who served in the tent of meeting, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the word of the Lord by the authority of Moses.

38Those numbered from the Gershonites, by their families and by their clans,

39from thirty years old and upward to fifty years old, everyone who entered the company for the work in the tent of meeting—

40those of them numbered by their families, by their clans, were 2,630.

41These were those numbered from the families of the Gershonites, everyone who served in the tent of meeting, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the word of the Lord.

42Those numbered from the families of the Merarites, by their families, by their clans,

43from thirty years old and upward to fifty years old, everyone who entered the company for the work in the tent of meeting—

44those of them numbered by their families were 3,200.

45These are those numbered from the families of the Merarites, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the word of the Lord by the authority of Moses.

46All who were numbered of the Levites, whom Moses, Aaron, and the leaders of Israel numbered by their families and by their clans,

47from thirty years old and upward to fifty years old, everyone who entered to do the work of service and the work of carrying relating to the tent of meeting—

48those of them numbered were 8,580.

49According to the word of the Lord they were numbered, by the authority of Moses, each according to his service and according to what he was to carry. Thus were they numbered by him, as the Lord had commanded Moses.

1Yahweh spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying,

2“Take a census of the sons of Kohath from among the sons of Levi, by their families, by their fathers’ houses,

3from thirty years old and upward even until fifty years old, all who enter into the service, to do the work in the Tent of Meeting.

4“This is the service of the sons of Kohath in the Tent of Meeting, the most holy things.

5When the camp moves forward, Aaron shall go in, and his sons, and they shall take down the veil of the screen, and cover the ark of the Testimony with it,

6and shall put a covering of sealskin on it, and shall spread over it a cloth all of blue, and shall put in its poles.

7“On the table of show bread they shall spread a blue cloth, and put on it the dishes, the spoons, the bowls, and the cups with which to pour out; and the continual bread shall be on it.

8They shall spread on them a scarlet cloth, and cover the same with a covering of sealskin, and shall put in its poles.

9“They shall take a blue cloth, and cover the lamp stand of the light, and its lamps, and its snuffers, and its snuff dishes, and all its oil vessels, with which they minister to it.

10They shall put it and all its vessels within a covering of sealskin, and shall put it on the frame.

11“On the golden altar they shall spread a blue cloth, and cover it with a covering of sealskin, and shall put in its poles.

12“They shall take all the vessels of ministry, with which they minister in the sanctuary, and put them in a blue cloth, and cover them with a covering of sealskin, and shall put them on the frame.

13“They shall take away the ashes from the altar, and spread a purple cloth on it.

14They shall put on it all its vessels, with which they minister about it, the fire pans, the meat hooks, the shovels, and the basins; all the vessels of the altar; and they shall spread on it a covering of sealskin, and put in its poles.

15“When Aaron and his sons have finished covering the sanctuary, and all the furniture of the sanctuary, as the camp moves forward; after that, the sons of Kohath shall come to carry it: but they shall not touch the sanctuary, lest they die. These things are the burden of the sons of Kohath in the Tent of Meeting.

16“The duty of Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest shall be the oil for the light, the sweet incense, the continual meal offering, and the anointing oil, the requirements of all the tabernacle, and of all that is in it, the sanctuary, and its furnishings.”

17Yahweh spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying,

18“Don’t cut off the tribe of the families of the Kohathites from among the Levites;

19but thus do to them, that they may live, and not die, when they approach to the most holy things: Aaron and his sons shall go in, and appoint them everyone to his service and to his burden;

20but they shall not go in to see the sanctuary even for a moment, lest they die.”

21Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,

22“Take a census of the sons of Gershon also, by their fathers’ houses, by their families;

23you shall count them from thirty years old and upward until fifty years old; all who enter in to wait on the service, to do the work in the Tent of Meeting.

24“This is the service of the families of the Gershonites, in serving and in bearing burdens:

25they shall carry the curtains of the tabernacle, and the Tent of Meeting, its covering, and the covering of sealskin that is above on it, and the screen for the door of the Tent of Meeting,

26and the hangings of the court, and the screen for the door of the gate of the court, which is by the tabernacle and around the altar, and their cords, and all the instruments of their service, and whatever shall be done with them. They shall serve in there.

27At the commandment of Aaron and his sons shall be all the service of the sons of the Gershonites, in all their burden, and in all their service; and you shall appoint their duty to them in all their responsibilities.

28This is the service of the families of the sons of the Gershonites in the Tent of Meeting: and their duty shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.

29“As for the sons of Merari, you shall count them by their families, by their fathers’ houses;

30you shall count them from thirty years old and upward even to fifty years old, everyone who enters on the service, to do the work of the Tent of Meeting.

31This is the duty of their burden, according to all their service in the Tent of Meeting: the tabernacle’s boards, its bars, its pillars, its sockets,

32and the pillars of the court around it, and their sockets, and their pins, and their cords, with all their instruments, and with all their service: and by name you shall appoint the instruments of the duty of their burden.

33This is the service of the families of the sons of Merari, according to all their service, in the Tent of Meeting, under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.”

34Moses and Aaron and the princes of the congregation counted the sons of the Kohathites by their families, and by their fathers’ houses,

35from thirty years old and upward even to fifty years old, everyone who entered into the service, for work in the Tent of Meeting.

36Those who were counted of them by their families were two thousand seven hundred fifty.

37These are those who were counted of the families of the Kohathites, all who served in the Tent of Meeting, whom Moses and Aaron counted according to the commandment of Yahweh by Moses.

38Those who were counted of the sons of Gershon, their families, and by their fathers’ houses,

39from thirty years old and upward even to fifty years old, everyone who entered into the service, for work in the Tent of Meeting,

40even those who were counted of them, by their families, by their fathers’ houses, were two thousand six hundred thirty.

41These are those who were counted of the families of the sons of Gershon, all who served in the Tent of Meeting, whom Moses and Aaron counted according to the commandment of Yahweh.

42Those who were counted of the families of the sons of Merari, by their families, by their fathers’ houses,

43from thirty years old and upward even to fifty years old, everyone who entered into the service, for work in the Tent of Meeting,

44even those who were counted of them by their families, were three thousand two hundred.

45These are those who were counted of the families of the sons of Merari, whom Moses and Aaron counted according to the commandment of Yahweh by Moses.

46All those who were counted of the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron and the princes of Israel counted, by their families, and by their fathers’ houses,

47from thirty years old and upward even to fifty years old, everyone who entered in to do the work of service, and the work of bearing burdens in the Tent of Meeting,

48even those who were counted of them, were eight thousand five hundred eighty.

49According to the commandment of Yahweh they were counted by Moses, everyone according to his service, and according to his burden. Thus were they counted by him, as Yahweh commanded Moses.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

God instructs Moses and Aaron to count the Kohathites, Gershonites, and Merarites between the ages of thirty and fifty, defining the service each clan will perform in transporting the tabernacle (vv. 1-3, 21-23, 29-30). The Kohathites carry the most sacred objects — the ark, table, lampstand, and altars — but only after Aaron and his sons have carefully covered each item, since handling or even seeing the holy things unwrapped brings danger (vv. 4-20). The Gershonites are responsible for the tabernacle's curtains, coverings, and hangings, while the Merarites carry the frames, bars, pillars, and bases (vv. 24-28, 31-33). The chapter closes with the total count of all three clans eligible for this service: 8,580 men (vv. 34-49).

Authorship & Background

Author: Moses. Numbers is the fourth book of the Pentateuch, written during the wilderness period (approximately 1445-1405 BC). Hebrew title: "Bemidbar" — "In the wilderness." The book records Israel's 38 years of wilderness wandering between Sinai and the Promised Land — a journey that should have taken 11 days (Deuteronomy 1:2) but took 40 years due to unbelief.
Historical Context: Chapter 4 details the specific service duties of the three Levitical clans when the camp moves. While Chapter 3 numbered all Levite males from one month old (a sacred census of 22,000), Chapter 4 counts only those eligible for active service: men aged 30 to 50. This is the working force — 8,580 men in their prime who carry, transport, and maintain the Tabernacle during Israel's wilderness journeys. The chapter is intensely practical: who carries what, how it is wrapped, who supervises whom. Yet it is also deeply theological. The holy objects must be covered before the Kohathites can carry them — they must not touch or even look upon the uncovered holy things, "lest they die" (vv.15, 20). God's holiness is dangerous to sinful man. Only the priests (Aaron and his sons) may handle the holy objects directly. The Kohathites carry them but never see them uncovered. This speaks to the mediated access of the old covenant — and the superior access we have through Christ.
Classification: Historical Narrative
Key Themes: holy objects wrapped in a fixed sequence of coverings before the men assigned to carry them are even allowed to approach, a repeated warning that seeing or touching what is uncovered brings death even to the Levites entrusted with carrying it, tent pegs and frame pieces inventoried by name rather than merely by count, service age set uniformly at thirty to fifty across all three Levitical clans, and a total workforce of 8,580 each assigned according to his own burden
The Kohathites and the Covered Holy Things (vv.1-20): The Kohathites carry the ark, the table, the lampstand and the altars, and every one is to be wrapped before they arrive. Aaron and his sons take down the veil and cover the ark with it, then badgers' skins, then a cloth of blue, and only then are the staves put in. The reason is stated twice and it is not ceremonial fussiness: they shall not touch any holy thing, lest they die, and they shall not go in to see when the holy things are covered, lest they die. The most privileged carrying duty in Israel is arranged so that the men doing it never see what they carry. Eleazar is named as personally responsible for the oil, the incense and the meat offering.
The Gershonites and the Merarites (vv.21-33): The other two families get the fabric and the frame. Gershon carries the curtains, the coverings, the hangings of the court and the cords, under the hand of Ithamar. Merari carries the boards, the bars, the pillars and the sockets, and the instruction includes an inventory: ye shall reckon the instruments of all their service by name. Every tent peg is assigned to a named man. The service age is given for all three families as thirty to fifty, so the heaviest work in the tabernacle belongs to men in middle life rather than to the young.
The Service Census Results (vv.34-49): Kohathites: 2,750 (v.36) Gershonites: 2,630 (v.40) Merarites: 3,200 (v.44) total: 8,580 (v.48) "Every one according to his service, and according to his burden" (v.49) — each man has a specific assignment. No one is without purpose.

Map & Geography

  • Wilderness of Sinai: The Levites receive their specific duties for transporting the Tabernacle — Kohathites carry the holy objects, Gershonites the curtains, Merarites the frames.

Places on this map

  • Mount SinaiJebel Musa, Sinai Peninsula, EgyptTraditionally Jebel Musa in the granite mountains of the southern Sinai peninsula, about 7,500 feet high. The identification dates from Christian monastic tradition rather than from the text, and other candidates have been proposed, but this has been the pilgrimage site since the fourth century. Wikipedia

Towns sit on their excavated or traditional site. Regions, rivers and seas are ringed rather than dotted, because for those a single point is only an anchor. Coastlines from Natural Earth.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Guzik emphasizes the danger of the Kohathites' assignment — they carry the holiest objects but must never see or touch them uncovered. He connects this to the principle that greater privilege brings greater responsibility and greater danger.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Numbers 4 Summary: A Concise Overview in 5 Minutes
2BeLikeChrist

Numbers 3-4 | Redeeming the Firstborn | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Articles

  • BibleProject: bibleproject.com On the whole book: what the census lists and wilderness years are doing in Scripture.
  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of the book of Numbers -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Maturity for Service (v.3) — God sets the working age for Tabernacle transport at 30 to 50, requiring seasoned strength rather than youthful eagerness alone. Are you rushing into a responsibility before you're ready, or sitting out one you're actually prepared for?
  • Holy Things Handled with Care (v.15) — The Kohathites may carry the sacred objects only after the priests finish covering them, and even a glimpse of the uncovered items brings death. Has familiarity with spiritual things made you careless about approaching God with reverence?
  • Instructions That Protect (v.19) — God gives Moses detailed procedures so the Kohathites can serve safely rather than being harmed. Do you view God's commands as restrictions on your freedom, or as protection built out of His care for you?
  • Every Item Assigned by Name (v.32) — Each Merarite is given a specific, named piece of the Tabernacle to carry rather than a vague, shared task. Do you see your own service to God as generic busywork, or as a personal assignment only you can carry?