Psalms — Chapter 42

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1As the hart panteth after the water brooks, so panteth my soul after thee, O God.

2My soul thirsteth for God, for the living God: when shall I come and appear before God?

3My tears have been my meat day and night, while they continually say unto me, Where is thy God?

4When I remember these things, I pour out my soul in me: for I had gone with the multitude, I went with them to the house of God, with the voice of joy and praise, with a multitude that kept holyday.

5Why art thou cast down, O my soul? and why art thou disquieted in me? hope thou in God: for I shall yet praise him for the help of his countenance.

6O my God, my soul is cast down within me: therefore will I remember thee from the land of Jordan, and of the Hermonites, from the hill Mizar.

7Deep calleth unto deep at the noise of thy waterspouts: all thy waves and thy billows are gone over me.

8Yet the LORD will command his lovingkindness in the daytime, and in the night his song shall be with me, and my prayer unto the God of my life.

9I will say unto God my rock, Why hast thou forgotten me? why go I mourning because of the oppression of the enemy?

10As with a sword in my bones, mine enemies reproach me; while they say daily unto me, Where is thy God?

11Why art thou cast down, O my soul? and why art thou disquieted within me? hope thou in God: for I shall yet praise him, who is the health of my countenance, and my God.

1As the hart panteth after the water brooks, So panteth my soul after thee, O God.

2My soul thirsteth for God, for the living God: When shall I come and appear before God?

3My tears have been my food day and night, While they continually say unto me, Where is thy God?

4These things I remember, and pour out my soul within me, How I went with the throng, and led them to the house of God, With the voice of joy and praise, a multitude keeping holyday.

5Why art thou cast down, O my soul? And [why] art thou disquieted within me? Hope thou in God; for I shall yet praise him [For] the help of his countenance.

6O my God, my soul is cast down within me: Therefore do I remember thee from the land of the Jordan, And the Hermons, from the hill Mizar.

7Deep calleth unto deep at the noise of thy waterfalls: All thy waves and thy billows are gone over me.

8[Yet] Jehovah will command his lovingkindness in the day-time; And in the night his song shall be with me, [Even] a prayer unto the God of my life.

9I will say unto God my rock, Why hast thou forgotten me? Why go I mourning because of the oppression of the enemy?

10As with a sword in my bones, mine adversaries reproach me, While they continually say unto me, Where is thy God?

11Why art thou cast down, O my soul? And why art thou disquieted within me? Hope thou in God; for I shall yet praise him, [Who is] the help of my countenance, and my God. Psalm 43

1For the music director, a well-written song by the Korahites. As a deer longs for streams of water, so I long for you, O God!

2I thirst for God, for the living God. I say, “When will I be able to go and appear in God’s presence?”

3I cannot eat; I weep day and night. All day long they say to me, “Where is your God?”

4I will remember and weep. For I was once walking along with the great throng to the temple of God, shouting and giving thanks along with the crowd as we celebrated the holy festival.

5Why are you depressed, O my soul? Why are you upset? Wait for God! For I will again give thanks to my God for his saving intervention.

6I am depressed, so I will pray to you while in the region of the upper Jordan, from Hermon, from Mount Mizar.

7One deep stream calls out to another at the sound of your waterfalls; all your billows and waves overwhelm me.

8By day the Lord decrees his loyal love, and by night he gives me a song, a prayer to the God of my life.

9I will pray to God, my high ridge: “Why do you ignore me? Why must I walk around mourning because my enemies oppress me?”

10My enemies’ taunts cut me to the bone, as they say to me all day long, “Where is your God?”

11Why are you depressed, O my soul? Why are you upset? Wait for God! For I will again give thanks to my God for his saving intervention.

1As the deer pants for the water brooks, so my soul pants after you, God.

2My soul thirsts for God, for the living God. When shall I come and appear before God?

3My tears have been my food day and night, while they continually ask me, “Where is your God?”

4These things I remember, and pour out my soul within me, how I used to go with the crowd, and led them to God’s house, with the voice of joy and praise, a multitude keeping a holy day.

5Why are you in despair, my soul? Why are you disturbed within me? Hope in God! For I shall still praise him for the saving help of his presence.

6My God, my soul is in despair within me. Therefore I remember you from the land of the Jordan, the heights of Hermon, from the hill Mizar.

7Deep calls to deep at the noise of your waterfalls. All your waves and your billows have swept over me.

8Yahweh will command his loving kindness in the daytime. In the night his song shall be with me: a prayer to the God of my life.

9I will ask God, my rock, “Why have you forgotten me? Why do I go mourning because of the oppression of the enemy?”

10As with a sword in my bones, my adversaries reproach me, while they continually ask me, “Where is your God?”

11Why are you in despair, my soul? Why are you disturbed within me? Hope in God! For I shall still praise him, the saving help of my countenance, and my God.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Map & Geography
Videos
Reflection

Summary

A lament of the Sons of Korah — 'As the hart panteth after the water brooks, so panteth my soul after thee, O God'; the psalmist, exiled from the temple, combats despair with the refrain: 'Why art thou cast down, O my soul? Hope thou in God.'

Authorship & Background

Author: Multiple authors — primarily David (73 psalms attributed), plus Asaph (12), Sons of Korah (11), Solomon (2), Moses (1), Heman (1), Ethan (1), and anonymous. The Psalter was compiled over approximately 1000 years and served as Israel's hymnal and prayer book. The book is divided into five 'books' (1-41, 42-72, 73-89, 90-106, 107-150), paralleling the five books of Moses. Key themes: worship, lament, praise, trust, kingship, creation, wisdom, Messianic prophecy, and the full range of human emotion brought before God.
Classification: Individual Lament Attributed Author: Sons of Korah (To the chief Musician, Maschil, for the sons of Korah) Key Themes: Spiritual thirst, longing for God's presence, despair and hope, memory of worship, self-counsel
Historical Context: Psalm 42 opens Book II of the Psalter (Psalms 42-72) and is the first psalm attributed to the Sons of Korah — a Levitical family of temple musicians descended from the rebel Korah (Numbers 16), whose sons were spared by God's grace. This psalm is universally recognized as paired with Psalm 43, likely originally a single composition sharing the same refrain (42:5, 42:11, 43:5).
The psalmist is geographically distant from the temple, apparently in the region of the Jordan headwaters, near Mount Hermon and "the hill Mizar" (v. 6) — far north of Jerusalem. He remembers leading worship processions to the house of God and now weeps in exile, taunted by enemies who mock, "Where is thy God?" The specific mention of geographic locations suggests a historical exile — possibly during David's flight from Absalom (2 Samuel 15-17) or during the northern exile of Levitical worshipers.
This psalm is among the most emotionally transparent in Scripture. It models how a believer wrestles with depression while refusing to abandon faith. The psalmist speaks to his own soul, commanding it to hope in God even when feelings fail. The imagery of the thirsting deer has become one of the most beloved metaphors in Christian worship and hymnody.
Structure:
  • Desperate Longing for God (vv. 1-2)
  • Tears and Taunting (v. 3)
  • Memory of Past Worship (v. 4)
  • First Refrain: Self-Counsel to Hope (v. 5)
  • Cast Down but Remembering God (vv. 6-7)
  • God's Lovingkindness and Prayer (v. 8)
  • Complaint: Why Have You Forgotten Me? (vv. 9-10)
  • Second Refrain: Self-Counsel to Hope (v. 11)

Map & Geography

Reflection

  • 1. Spiritual thirst is not a sign of failure but of life. Only living souls thirst. The psalmist's desperate longing for God reveals a heart that knows what it needs. When we feel spiritual dryness, it may be evidence of genuine faith recognizing its need.
  • 2. Preaching to yourself is a spiritual discipline. The refrain teaches us to speak truth to our own souls rather than passively listening to our emotions. When cast down, we can ask "Why?" and then command ourselves toward hope — not denying the pain but redirecting the soul toward God's faithfulness.
  • 3. Remembering past faithfulness sustains present faith. The psalmist recalls leading worship processions (v. 4) and uses those memories as anchors. Keeping a record of God's past dealings with us provides fuel for hope in present darkness.
  • 4. Tears and faith coexist. The psalmist weeps day and night (v. 3) while simultaneously affirming God's lovingkindness (v. 8). Biblical faith does not suppress grief — it grieves honestly while holding to God's character.
  • 5. Community matters. Part of the psalmist's anguish is isolation from corporate worship (v. 4). We were not designed to walk through spiritual valleys alone. The absence of gathered worship deepens spiritual pain; its restoration brings healing.