Psalms — Chapter 55

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1For the choirmaster. With stringed instruments. A Maskil of David. Listen to my prayer, O God, and do not ignore my plea.

2Attend to me and answer me. I am restless in my complaint, and distraught

3at the voice of the enemy, at the pressure of the wicked. For they bring down disaster upon me and resent me in their anger.

4My heart pounds within me, and the terrors of death assail me.

5Fear and trembling grip me, and horror has overwhelmed me.

6I said, “Oh, that I had wings like a dove! I would fly away and find rest.

7How far away I would flee! In the wilderness I would remain. Selah

8I would hurry to my shelter, far from this raging tempest.”

9O Lord, confuse and confound their speech, for I see violence and strife in the city.

10Day and night they encircle the walls, while malice and trouble lie within.

11Destruction is within; oppression and deceit never leave the streets.

12For it is not an enemy who insults me; that I could endure. It is not a foe who rises against me; from him I could hide.

13But it is you, a man like myself, my companion and close friend.

14We shared sweet fellowship together; we walked with the crowd into the house of God.

15Let death seize them by surprise; let them go down to Sheol alive, for evil is with them in their homes.

16But I call to God, and the LORD saves me.

17Morning, noon, and night, I cry out in distress, and He hears my voice.

18He redeems my soul in peace from the battle waged against me, even though many oppose me.

19God will hear and humiliate them—the One enthroned for the ages—Selah because they do not change and they have no fear of God.

20My companion attacks his friends; he violates his covenant.

21His speech is smooth as butter, but war is in his heart. His words are softer than oil, yet they are swords unsheathed.

22Cast your burden upon the LORD and He will sustain you; He will never let the righteous be shaken.

23But You, O God, will bring them down to the Pit of destruction; men of bloodshed and deceit will not live out half their days. But I will trust in You.

1Give ear to my prayer, O God; and hide not thyself from my supplication.

2Attend unto me, and hear me: I mourn in my complaint, and make a noise;

3Because of the voice of the enemy, because of the oppression of the wicked: for they cast iniquity upon me, and in wrath they hate me.

4My heart is sore pained within me: and the terrors of death are fallen upon me.

5Fearfulness and trembling are come upon me, and horror hath overwhelmed me.

6And I said, Oh that I had wings like a dove! for then would I fly away, and be at rest.

7Lo, then would I wander far off, and remain in the wilderness. Selah.

8I would hasten my escape from the windy storm and tempest.

9Destroy, O Lord, and divide their tongues: for I have seen violence and strife in the city.

10Day and night they go about it upon the walls thereof: mischief also and sorrow are in the midst of it.

11Wickedness is in the midst thereof: deceit and guile depart not from her streets.

12For it was not an enemy that reproached me; then I could have borne it: neither was it he that hated me that did magnify himself against me; then I would have hid myself from him:

13But it was thou, a man mine equal, my guide, and mine acquaintance.

14We took sweet counsel together, and walked unto the house of God in company.

15Let death seize upon them, and let them go down quick into hell: for wickedness is in their dwellings, and among them.

16As for me, I will call upon God; and the LORD shall save me.

17Evening, and morning, and at noon, will I pray, and cry aloud: and he shall hear my voice.

18He hath delivered my soul in peace from the battle that was against me: for there were many with me.

19God shall hear, and afflict them, even he that abideth of old. Selah. Because they have no changes, therefore they fear not God.

20He hath put forth his hands against such as be at peace with him: he hath broken his covenant.

21The words of his mouth were smoother than butter, but war was in his heart: his words were softer than oil, yet were they drawn swords.

22Cast thy burden upon the LORD, and he shall sustain thee: he shall never suffer the righteous to be moved.

23But thou, O God, shalt bring them down into the pit of destruction: bloody and deceitful men shall not live out half their days; but I will trust in thee.

1Give ear to my prayer, O God; And hide not thyself from my supplication.

2Attend unto me, and answer me: I am restless in my complaint, and moan,

3Because of the voice of the enemy, Because of the oppression of the wicked; For they cast iniquity upon me, And in anger they persecute me.

4My heart is sore pained within me: And the terrors of death are fallen upon me.

5Fearfulness and trembling are come upon me, And horror hath overwhelmed me.

6And I said, Oh that I had wings like a dove! Then would I fly away, and be at rest.

7Lo, then would I wander far off, I would lodge in the wilderness. Selah

8I would haste me to a shelter From the stormy wind and tempest.

9Destroy, O Lord, [and] divide their tongue; For I have seen violence and strife in the city.

10Day and night they go about it upon the walls thereof: Iniquity also and mischief are in the midst of it.

11Wickedness is in the midst thereof: Oppression and guile depart not from its streets.

12For it was not an enemy that reproached me; Then I could have borne it: Neither was it he that hated me that did magnify himself against me; Then I would have hid myself from him:

13But it was thou, a man mine equal, My companion, and my familiar friend.

14We took sweet counsel together; We walked in the house of God with the throng.

15Let death come suddenly upon them, Let them go down alive into Sheol; For wickedness is in their dwelling, in the midst of them.

16As for me, I will call upon God; And Jehovah will save me.

17Evening, and morning, and at noonday, will I complain, and moan; And he will hear my voice.

18He hath redeemed my soul in peace from the battle that was against me; For they were many [that strove] with me.

19God will hear, and answer them, Even he that abideth of old, Selah [The men] who have no changes, And who fear not God.

20He hath put forth his hands against such as were at peace with him: He hath profaned his covenant.

21His mouth was smooth as butter, But his heart was war: His words were softer than oil, Yet were they drawn swords.

22Cast thy burden upon Jehovah, and he will sustain thee: He will never suffer the righteous to be moved.

23But thou, O God, wilt bring them down into the pit of destruction: Bloodthirsty and deceitful men shall not live out half their days; But I will trust in thee. Psalm 56 For the Chief Musician; set to Jonath elem rehokim. [A Psalm] of David. Michtam: when the Philistines took him in Gath.

1For the music director, to be accompanied by stringed instruments; a well-written song by David. Listen, O God, to my prayer. Do not ignore my appeal for mercy.

2Pay attention to me and answer me. I am so upset and distressed, I am beside myself,

3because of what the enemy says, and because of how the wicked pressure me, for they hurl trouble down upon me and angrily attack me.

4My heart beats violently within me; the horrors of death overcome me.

5Fear and panic overpower me; terror overwhelms me.

6I say, “I wish I had wings like a dove. I would fly away and settle in a safe place.

7Look, I will escape to a distant place; I will stay in the wilderness. (Selah)

8I will hurry off to a place that is safe from the strong wind and the gale.”

9Confuse them, O Lord. Frustrate their plans. For I see violence and conflict in the city.

10Day and night they walk around on its walls, while wickedness and destruction are within it.

11Disaster is within it; violence and deceit do not depart from its public square.

12Indeed, it is not an enemy who insults me, or else I could bear it; it is not one who hates me who arrogantly taunts me, or else I could hide from him.

13But it is you, a man like me, my close friend in whom I confided.

14We would share personal thoughts with each other; in God’s temple we would walk together among the crowd.

15May death destroy them. May they go down alive into Sheol. For evil is in their dwelling place and in their midst.

16As for me, I will call out to God, and the Lord will deliver me.

17During the evening, morning, and noontime I will lament and moan, and he will hear me.

18He will rescue me and protect me from those who attack me, even though they greatly outnumber me.

19God, the one who has reigned as king from long ago, will hear and humiliate them. (Selah) They refuse to change, and do not fear God.

20He attacks his friends; he breaks his solemn promises to them.

21His words are as smooth as butter, but he harbors animosity in his heart. His words seem softer than oil, but they are really like sharp swords.

22Throw your burden upon the Lord, and he will sustain you. He will never allow the godly to be shaken.

23But you, O God, will bring them down to the deep Pit. Violent and deceitful people will not live even half a normal life-span. But as for me, I trust in you.

1Listen to my prayer, God. Don’t hide yourself from my supplication.

2Attend to me, and answer me. I am restless in my complaint, and moan,

3Because of the voice of the enemy, Because of the oppression of the wicked. For they bring suffering on me. In anger they hold a grudge against me.

4My heart is severely pained within me. The terrors of death have fallen on me.

5Fearfulness and trembling have come on me. Horror has overwhelmed me.

6I said, “Oh that I had wings like a dove! Then I would fly away, and be at rest.

7Behold, then I would wander far off. I would lodge in the wilderness.” Selah.

8“I would hurry to a shelter from the stormy wind and storm.”

9Confuse them, Lord, and confound their language, for I have seen violence and strife in the city.

10Day and night they prowl around on its walls. Malice and abuse are also within her.

11Destructive forces are within her. Threats and lies don’t depart from her streets.

12For it was not an enemy who insulted me, then I could have endured it. Neither was it he who hated me who raised himself up against me, then I would have hidden myself from him.

13But it was you, a man like me, my companion, and my familiar friend.

14We took sweet fellowship together. We walked in God’s house with company.

15Let death come suddenly on them. Let them go down alive into Sheol. For wickedness is among them, in their dwelling.

16As for me, I will call on God. Yahweh will save me.

17Evening, morning, and at noon, I will cry out in distress. He will hear my voice.

18He has redeemed my soul in peace from the battle that was against me, although there are many who oppose me.

19God, who is enthroned forever, will hear, and answer them. Selah. They never change, who don’t fear God.

20He raises his hands against his friends. He has violated his covenant.

21His mouth was smooth as butter, but his heart was war. His words were softer than oil, yet they were drawn swords.

22Cast your burden on Yahweh, and he will sustain you. He will never allow the righteous to be moved.

23But you, God, will bring them down into the pit of destruction. Bloodthirsty and deceitful men shall not live out half their days, but I will trust in you.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

A lament over betrayal, likely from Absalom's rebellion. David asks God to hear his anguished complaint as enemies oppress him and dread overwhelms him, making him wish for wings like a dove so he could fly away to the wilderness and escape the storm of violence filling the city (vv. 1-8). He describes the city gripped by strife and oppression, but his deepest pain is that the one attacking him is not an enemy but a close friend and companion with whom he once walked to worship together (vv. 9-14). He calls down judgment on his betrayers even as he cries to God morning, noon, and night, confident God will hear and redeem him (vv. 15-19). He contrasts his friend's smooth, treacherous words with the violence hidden in his heart, then resolves to cast his burden on the LORD, trusting God to sustain the righteous and bring the bloodthirsty and deceitful to ruin (vv. 20-23).

Authorship & Background

Author: Multiple authors — primarily David (73 psalms attributed), plus Asaph (12), Sons of Korah (11), Solomon (2), Moses (1), Heman (1), Ethan (1), and anonymous. The Psalter was compiled over approximately 1000 years and served as Israel's hymnal and prayer book. The book is divided into five 'books' (1-41, 42-72, 73-89, 90-106, 107-150), paralleling the five books of Moses.
Classification: Individual Lament Psalm
Attributed Author: David
Key Themes: Betrayal by a close friend, desire to escape, the pain of broken trust, casting burdens on the LORD, God's faithfulness amid human treachery
Historical Context: This psalm likely arises from Absalom's rebellion and particularly the betrayal of Ahithophel, David's trusted counselor who defected to Absalom (2 Samuel 15-17). The description of the betrayer as "a man mine equal, my guide, and mine acquaintance" (v.13) with whom David "took sweet counsel together" (v.14) fits Ahithophel perfectly. The psalm captures the unique agony of being betrayed not by an enemy (which could be endured) but by an intimate friend. The city filled with violence and strife (vv.9-11) may describe Jerusalem under Absalom's corrupt influence. This is one of the most emotionally raw psalms, moving from terror to flight-fantasy to imprecation to trust.
Give Ear to My Prayer (vv.1-3): Give ear to my prayer, O God, and hide not thyself from my supplication. The state described is agitation rather than danger, I mourn in my complaint, and make a noise, and the cause is given as pressure from two directions, because of the voice of the enemy, because of the oppression of the wicked.
Oh That I Had Wings Like a Dove (vv.4-8): My heart is sore pained within me, and the terrors of death are fallen upon me. Then the psalm's most human sentence, and it is a wish to be somewhere else, oh that I had wings like a dove, for then would I fly away, and be at rest. What he would do with the wings is stated plainly, lo, then would I wander far off, and remain in the wilderness. Escape rather than victory, and the psalter records the wish without correcting it.
I Have Seen Violence and Strife in the City (vv.9-11): Destroy, O Lord, and divide their tongues, for I have seen violence and strife in the city. The request for divided speech is the Babel remedy applied to a conspiracy. Then the city is described as patrolled by what has gone wrong in it, day and night they go about it upon the walls, mischief also and sorrow are in the midst of it, so the trouble is on the walls where the watchmen should be.
It Was Not an Enemy (vv.12-14): For it was not an enemy that reproached me, then I could have borne it. The distinction is the point of the psalm: an enemy would have been manageable. But it was thou, a man mine equal, my guide, and mine acquaintance. And the intimacy is specified in the detail that makes it worst, we took sweet counsel together, and walked unto the house of God in company. They had gone to worship together.
Let Death Seize upon Them (v.15): One verse of imprecation, and it is unrestrained, let death seize upon them, and let them go down quick into hell, for wickedness is in their dwellings. The psalter places it immediately after the recollection of walking to the temple with the man, and does not soften either verse on account of the other.
Evening, and Morning, and at Noon (vv.16-19): As for me, I will call upon God, and the LORD shall save me. Then the schedule, evening, and morning, and at noon, will I pray, and cry aloud, which is the earliest indication in scripture of prayer three times a day, the practice Daniel 6:10 records him keeping. And the confidence is stated as something already received, he hath delivered my soul in peace from the battle that was against me.
He Hath Broken His Covenant (vv.20-21): He hath put forth his hands against such as be at peace with him, he hath broken his covenant. The betrayer of verses 12 to 14 is described again, and the description turns entirely on the gap between manner and intent, his words were smoother than oil, yet were they drawn swords.
Cast Thy Burden upon the LORD (vv.22-23): Cast thy burden upon the LORD, and he shall sustain thee, he shall never suffer the righteous to be moved. The instruction is addressed outward to a reader rather than upward, which is how several of these psalms end, and 1 Peter 5:7 takes up the same idea. And the last clause returns to the singer's own position with nothing resolved except his intention, but I will trust in thee.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Verse-by-verse commentary on this chapter, written for the everyday reader and freely available online.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Psalm 55 | The Lord Will Save Me | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Psalm 55 - Trusting God Against a Treacherous Enemy
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of Psalms -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Honest About Wanting to Escape (v.6) — David admits he wishes he had wings to simply fly away from his troubles rather than face them. Do you give yourself permission to be honest with God about wanting to run, instead of pretending you're always ready to endure?
  • Betrayed by a Close Friend (vv.12-14) — David makes clear this pain cuts deeper because it comes from someone he once shared close fellowship with, not a stranger. If you've been hurt by someone close to you, does knowing David faced the same kind of wound change how you carry it?
  • A Rhythm of Prayer Through Crisis (v.17) — David commits to praying evening, morning, and noon rather than waiting until he feels like it. Do you have any consistent rhythm of prayer that holds you steady when a season gets hard, or does your prayer life depend entirely on your mood?
  • Smooth Words Hiding a Violent Heart (v.21) — David describes someone whose speech was softer than butter while war was in his heart. Are you discerning people by their actual patterns and fruit, or just by how pleasant they sound?
  • Casting Your Burden on the Lord (v.22) — David's counsel is not to solve everything himself but to throw the weight of his burden onto God, who will sustain him. What are you still carrying alone that God is actually asking you to hand over to Him?