Psalms — Chapter 59

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1For the choirmaster. To the tune of “Do Not Destroy.” A Miktam of David, when Saul sent men to watch David’s house in order to kill him. Deliver me from my enemies, O my God; protect me from those who rise against me.

2Deliver me from workers of iniquity, and save me from men of bloodshed.

3See how they lie in wait for me. Fierce men conspire against me for no transgression or sin of my own, O LORD.

4For no fault of my own, they move swiftly to attack me. Arise to help me, and take notice.

5O LORD God of Hosts, the God of Israel, rouse Yourself to punish all the nations; show no mercy to the wicked traitors. Selah

6They return in the evening, snarling like dogs and prowling around the city.

7See what they spew from their mouths—sharp words from their lips: “For who can hear us?”

8But You, O LORD, laugh at them; You scoff at all the nations.

9I will keep watch for You, O my strength, because You, O God, are my fortress.

10My God of loving devotion will come to meet me; God will let me stare down my foes.

11Do not kill them, or my people will forget. Scatter them by Your power, and bring them down, O Lord, our shield.

12By the sins of their mouths and the words of their lips, let them be trapped in their pride, in the curses and lies they utter.

13Consume them in wrath; consume them till they are no more, so it may be known to the ends of the earth that God rules over Jacob. Selah

14They return in the evening, snarling like dogs and prowling around the city.

15They scavenge for food, and growl if they are not satisfied.

16But I will sing of Your strength and proclaim Your loving devotion in the morning. For You are my fortress, my refuge in times of trouble.

17To You, O my strength, I sing praises, for You, O God, are my fortress, my God of loving devotion.

1Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God: defend me from them that rise up against me.

2Deliver me from the workers of iniquity, and save me from bloody men.

3For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul: the mighty are gathered against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD.

4They run and prepare themselves without my fault: awake to help me, and behold.

5Thou therefore, O LORD God of hosts, the God of Israel, awake to visit all the heathen: be not merciful to any wicked transgressors. Selah.

6They return at evening: they make a noise like a dog, and go round about the city.

7Behold, they belch out with their mouth: swords are in their lips: for who, say they, doth hear?

8But thou, O LORD, shalt laugh at them; thou shalt have all the heathen in derision.

9Because of his strength will I wait upon thee: for God is my defence.

10The God of my mercy shall prevent me: God shall let me see my desire upon mine enemies.

11Slay them not, lest my people forget: scatter them by thy power; and bring them down, O Lord our shield.

12For the sin of their mouth and the words of their lips let them even be taken in their pride: and for cursing and lying which they speak.

13Consume them in wrath, consume them, that they may not be: and let them know that God ruleth in Jacob unto the ends of the earth. Selah.

14And at evening let them return; and let them make a noise like a dog, and go round about the city.

15Let them wander up and down for meat, and grudge if they be not satisfied.

16But I will sing of thy power; yea, I will sing aloud of thy mercy in the morning: for thou hast been my defence and refuge in the day of my trouble.

17Unto thee, O my strength, will I sing: for God is my defence, and the God of my mercy.

1Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God: Set me on high from them that rise up against me.

2Deliver me from the workers of iniquity, And save me from the bloodthirsty men.

3For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul; The mighty gather themselves together against me: Not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O Jehovah.

4They run and prepare themselves without [my] fault: Awake thou to help me, and behold.

5Even thou, O Jehovah God of hosts, the God of Israel, Arise to visit all the nations: Be not merciful to any wicked transgressors. Selah

6They return at evening, they howl like a dog, And go round about the city.

7Behold, they belch out with their mouth; Swords are in their lips: For who, [say they], doth hear?

8But thou, O Jehovah, wilt laugh at them; Thou wilt have all the nations in derision.

9[Because of] his strength I will give heed unto thee; For God is my high tower.

10My God with his lovingkindness will meet me: God will let me see [my desire] upon mine enemies.

11Slay them not, lest my people forget: Scatter them by thy power, and bring them down, O Lord our shield.

12[For] the sin of their mouth, [and] the words of their lips, Let them even be taken in their pride, And for cursing and lying which they speak.

13Consume them in wrath, consume them, so that they shall be no more: And let them know that God ruleth in Jacob, Unto the ends of the earth. Selah

14And at evening let them return, let them howl like a dog, And go round about the city.

15They shall wander up and down for food, And tarry all night if they be not satisfied.

16But I will sing of thy strength; Yea, I will sing aloud of thy lovingkindness in the morning: For thou hast been my high tower, And a refuge in the day of my distress.

17Unto thee, O my strength, will I sing praises: For God is my high tower, the God of my mercy. Psalm 60 For the Chief Musician; [set to] Shushan Eduth. Michtam of David, to teach; and when he strove with Aram-naharaim and with Aram-zobah, and Joab returned, and smote of Edom in the Valley of Salt twelve thousand.

1For the music director, according to the al-tashcheth style; a prayer of David, written when Saul sent men to surround his house and murder him. Deliver me from my enemies, my God. Protect me from those who attack me.

2Deliver me from evildoers. Rescue me from violent men.

3For look, they wait to ambush me; powerful men stalk me, but not because I have rebelled or sinned, O Lord.

4Though I have done nothing wrong, they are anxious to attack. Spring into action and help me. Take notice of me.

5You, O Lord God of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, rouse yourself and punish all the nations. Have no mercy on any treacherous evildoers. (Selah)

6They return in the evening; they growl like dogs and prowl around outside the city.

7Look, they hurl insults at me and openly threaten to kill me, for they say, “Who hears?”

8But you, O Lord, laugh in disgust at them; you taunt all the nations.

9You are my source of strength. I will wait for you. For God is my refuge.

10The God who loves me will help me; God will enable me to triumph over my enemies.

11Do not strike them dead suddenly, because then my people might forget the lesson. Use your power to make them homeless vagabonds and then bring them down, O Lord who shields us.

12They speak sinful words. So let them be trapped by their own pride and by the curses and lies they speak.

13Angrily wipe them out. Wipe them out so they vanish. Let them know that God rules over Jacob and to the ends of the earth. (Selah)

14They return in the evening; they growl like dogs and prowl around outside the city.

15They wander around looking for something to eat; they refuse to sleep until they are full.

16As for me, I will sing about your strength; I will praise your loyal love in the morning. For you are my refuge and my place of shelter when I face trouble.

17You are my source of strength. I will sing praises to you. For God is my refuge, the God who loves me.

1Deliver me from my enemies, my God. Set me on high from those who rise up against me.

2Deliver me from the workers of iniquity. Save me from the bloodthirsty men.

3For, behold, they lie in wait for my soul. The mighty gather themselves together against me, not for my disobedience, nor for my sin, Yahweh.

4I have done no wrong, yet they are ready to attack me. Rise up, behold, and help me!

5You, Yahweh God of Armies, the God of Israel, rouse yourself to punish the nations. Show no mercy to the wicked traitors. Selah.

6They return at evening, howling like dogs, and prowl around the city.

7Behold, they spew with their mouth. Swords are in their lips, “For”, they say, “who hears us?”

8But you, Yahweh, laugh at them. You scoff at all the nations.

9Oh, my Strength, I watch for you, for God is my high tower.

10My God will go before me with his loving kindness. God will let me look at my enemies in triumph.

11Don’t kill them, or my people may forget. Scatter them by your power, and bring them down, Lord our shield.

12For the sin of their mouth, and the words of their lips, let them be caught in their pride, for the curses and lies which they utter.

13Consume them in wrath. Consume them, and they will be no more. Let them know that God rules in Jacob, to the ends of the earth. Selah.

14At evening let them return. Let them howl like a dog, and go around the city.

15They shall wander up and down for food, and wait all night if they aren’t satisfied.

16But I will sing of your strength. Yes, I will sing aloud of your loving kindness in the morning. For you have been my high tower, a refuge in the day of my distress.

17To you, my strength, I will sing praises. For God is my high tower, the God of my mercy.

Summary
Authorship & Background
Commentary
Videos
Articles
Reflection

Summary

A lament from when Saul sent men to watch David's house in order to kill him (superscription; 1 Samuel 19). David pleads for deliverance from bloodthirsty enemies who lie in wait against him though he is guilty of no offense, comparing them to snarling dogs that prowl the city at night (vv. 1-7). He trusts that God, his strength and fortress, laughs at the nations' scheming and will let him look in triumph on his foes, and asks God not to destroy them outright but to make an example of their downfall so all will know God rules over Jacob to the ends of the earth (vv. 8-13). After repeating the picture of enemies prowling and growling like hungry dogs, David resolves to sing of God's strength and steadfast love every morning, since God has been his fortress and refuge in the day of distress (vv. 14-17).

Authorship & Background

Author: Multiple authors — primarily David (73 psalms attributed), plus Asaph (12), Sons of Korah (11), Solomon (2), Moses (1), Heman (1), Ethan (1), and anonymous. The Psalter was compiled over approximately 1000 years and served as Israel's hymnal and prayer book. The book is divided into five 'books' (1-41, 42-72, 73-89, 90-106, 107-150), paralleling the five books of Moses.
Classification: Individual Lament Psalm
Attributed Author: David
Key Themes: Deliverance from enemies, innocence under persecution, God as fortress and defense, morning praise, God's sovereign laughter over the wicked
Historical Context: The superscription connects this psalm to when Saul sent men to watch David's house in order to kill him (1 Samuel 19:11-17). Michal, David's wife, warned him and helped him escape through a window. The "dogs" prowling the city (vv.6,14) likely represent Saul's agents circling David's house at night. This Miktam is set to "Do Not Destroy" (Al Tashheth). David protests his innocence — he has committed no transgression against Saul — yet is hunted like a criminal. The psalm uses a refrain structure with the dog imagery (vv.6,14) creating a frame around the central section.
Deliver Me from Mine Enemies (vv.1-5): Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God, defend me from them that rise up against me. The superscription places the psalm when Saul sent messengers to watch the house and kill him, which is 1 Samuel 19, and the psalm's imagery of a house being watched fits. And the claim is that the surveillance is unearned, not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD.
They Go About the City (vv.6-7): They return at evening, they make a noise like a dog, and go round about the city. Two verses that describe the watchers as scavenging animals working a beat, and the detail about their speech is what makes it worse, behold, they belch out with their mouth, swords are in their lips, for who, say they, doth hear.
Thou, O LORD, Shalt Laugh at Them (vv.8-10): But thou, O LORD, shalt laugh at them, thou shalt have all the heathen in derision. The same laughter as Psalm 2:4 and 37:13. Then a title repeated twice in this psalm and nowhere else in quite this form, because of his strength will I wait upon thee, for God is my defence, and the last clause is the psalm's most confident line, the God of my mercy shall prevent me, that is, shall go before me.
Consume Them Not (vv.11-13): Slay them not, lest my people forget, scatter them by thy power. The petition is unusual because it asks for a slower judgment rather than a quicker one, and the reason given is educational: a sudden end would teach nobody. Then the purpose stated, and let them know that God ruleth in Jacob unto the ends of the earth.
They Go About the City Again (vv.14-15): And at evening let them return, and let them make a noise like a dog, and go round about the city. The two verses from earlier in the psalm repeated almost word for word, with one addition that changes their sense entirely, let them wander up and down for meat, and grudge if they be not satisfied. The watchers are now scavengers who go hungry, and the repetition is the psalm's way of showing the same scene after the answer of the middle section.
I Will Sing of Thy Power (vv.16-17): But I will sing of thy power, yea, I will sing aloud of thy mercy in the morning. Morning is set against the evening the watchers keep returning at, so the two halves of the day belong to different parties. And the psalm ends on the title from verse 9 repeated, unto thee, O my strength, will I sing, for God is my defence, and the God of my mercy.

Commentary

  • Enduring Word (David Guzik): enduringword.com Verse-by-verse commentary on this chapter, written for the everyday reader and freely available online.
  • Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871): blueletterbible.org A critical and explanatory commentary on the whole Bible, more concise than Matthew Henry and closer to the Hebrew and Greek, with attention to historical and geographical detail. Public domain.
  • Matthew Henry's Exposition (1710): blueletterbible.org A devotional verse-by-verse commentary in the Puritan tradition, still among the most widely read three centuries on. Public domain.

Videos

Psalm 59 | Deliverance in the Morning | Bible Study
Spoken Gospel

Psalm 59 - Praise to My High Tower Against Assassins
David Guzik

Articles

  • GotQuestions.org: gotquestions.org On the whole book: an overview of Psalms -- who wrote it, when, why, and how it fits the rest of Scripture.

Links open on the publisher's own site. Nothing here is reproduced on this page.

Reflection

  • Suffering Without Deserving It (vv.3-4) — David is clear that this danger isn't the result of his own sin or wrongdoing. Have you assumed that hardship in your life must mean you did something to deserve it, when that isn't always the case?
  • God's Perspective on Your Fears (v.8) — What terrifies David and keeps him watching the enemies at night is something God simply laughs at from His position of complete control. Does remembering how small your biggest fear looks from God's vantage point change how you carry it?
  • Choosing to Sing in the Morning (v.16) — After a night of real danger, David deliberately chooses praise as his first response to the new day. Does the previous day's stress usually determine your mood the next morning, or can you choose gratitude regardless?
  • Both Strength and Fortress (v.17) — David describes God as both the power to move forward and the shelter to rest in. Depending on what you need this week, are you looking to God for strength to act, for safety to rest, or both?